Technological improvements in rechargeable solid-state batteries are being driven by an ever-increasing demand for portable electronic devices. Lithium-ion batteries are the systems of choice, offering high energy density, flexible and lightweight design, and longer lifespan than comparable battery technologies. We present a brief historical review of the development of lithium-based rechargeable batteries, highlight ongoing research strategies, and discuss the challenges that remain regarding the synthesis, characterization, electrochemical performance and safety of these systems.

Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries

An improved battery utilizing a hydrogen rechargeable anode of a disordered non-equilibrium multicomponent material including one or more elements forming a host matrix and at least one modifier element incorporated therein. The anode is capable of electrochemically absorbing hydrogen from an electrolyte during application of a charging current thereto. The hydrogen is stored in the anode bulk until discharge is initiated, whereupon an electrical current is produced when the hydrogen is released. The superior battery of the invention has attained high density energy storage, efficient reversibility, high electrical efficiency, bulk hydrogen storage without structural change or poisoning and hence long cycle life and deep discharge capability.

Rechargeable battery and electrode used therein

U.S. patents filed on the topic of nickel/metal hydride (Ni/MH) batteries have been reviewed, starting from active materials, to electrode fabrication, cell assembly, multi-cell construction, system integration, application, and finally recovering and recycling. In each category, a general description about the principle and direction of development is given. Both the metal hydride (MH) alloy and nickel hydroxide as active materials in negative and positive electrodes, respectively, are reviewed extensively. Both thermal and battery management systems (BMSs) are also discussed.

https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/2/2/10/pdf

Reviews on the U.S. Patents Regarding Nickel/Metal Hydride Batteries

A new hydrogen storage electrode

The present invention is directed to a metal/hydrogen alkaline storage battery, which comprises a positive electrode of a metal oxide, a negative electrode of a hydrogen-storage alloy, and a separator impregnated with an alkaline electrolyte and placed between the positive and negative electrodes. The electrodes and separator are housed within a sealed type battery casing. The casing has a device for maintaining the pressure in the battery in a selected range of from an equilibrium pressure required for absorbing hydrogen by the negative electrode to about 20 kg/cm2.

Metal/hydrogen alkaline storage battery

The invention relates to electro materials based on lanthanum and nickel having a formula close to LaNi 5 in which one of the components is partially substituted by a metal selected from those in groups Ia, II, III, IV and Va of the periodic table of elements, and other than lanthanides, in an atomic proportion which is not zero, being higher than 0.1% and lower than 25%, and preferbly from 0.5% to 15% with respect to the lanthanum.

Louis Schlapbach

Papers

Electrode materials based on lanthanum and nickel, and electrochemical uses of such materials

Alliages a base de lanthane et de nickel et leurs applications electrochimiques

Elektrodenmaterial auf basis lanthan und nickel und seine elektrochemische anwendung