Showing papers by "Ludovic Lebart published in 2014"

Historical Elements of Correspondence Analysis and Multiple Correspondence Analysis

Abstract: The use of visual displays as an exploratory tool in the 1960s is probably one of the distinctive features of correspondence analysis (CA) compared to other techniques, and the explanation of its success. Once the usefulness of a technique has been established, it is always easy to find afterwards pioneering works, and it is now well known that the equations of CA have been found many years before, based on quite different motivations. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) can be considered as a mere variant of CA, since its history is inseparable from that of CA. Its present name dates back to the beginning of the nineteen seventies, but its history also goes back much further in the past. The dissemination of these techniques is contemporary, and an active component, of the upsurge of exploratory multivariate data analysis that followed the year 1965, notably under the name “analyse des données” in some francophone countries. We focus here on works prior to 1980. The history of both CA and MCA together with the simultaneous revival of induction in statistics will be a pretext to evoke “the giants on whose shoulders we are standing”. The history of CA and MCA and the simultaneous revival of induction in statistics will be a pretext to evoke “the giants on whose shoulders we are standing”.