In Nigerian communities, melons seed shells are generated as waste after utilization of the pulp for economic and domestic purposes. In an attempt to derive wealth from these wastes, we decided to investigate the microbial and nutritional qualities of spontaneously fermented melon seed shells. The pulverized melon seed shells were spontaneously fermented in shake flask for a period of five (5) days at ambient temperature (30 ± 2oC). The final product was then analyzed for microbial, proximate, mineral, and anti-nutrient qualities. The microbial load decreased from 10.1 x 106 - 2.1 x 105 cfu/g after fermentation. The final pH of the fermented medium was 4.2. The microbial species belonging to genera of Bacillus, Micrococcus, Aerobacter, Rhizopus, Mucor, Aspergillus Penicillium and Candida were isolated from the unfermented sample, while Bacillus, Rhizopus, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Candida dominated the fermented sample.

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Microbiological and Nutritional Qualities of Fermented Melon Seed Shells

A random assessment of adolescent girls living in the hostels of Kota revealed a disturbing pattern in their eating habits. Their general consumption was erratic and high on empty calories lacking precautions without any heed being paid to the nutritional value of the food being consumed. A sample of 50 girls (16 to 22 years of age) belonging to middle and higher class families was chosen arbitrarily and provided with a questionnaire methodically planned and the responses were assessed taking into consideration the unique pattern of life they were subjected to. Girls living in hostels have to be under a constant stress, resulting out of factors that are beyond their control. Majority of these factors take a gradual toll on the adolescent’s body making her all the more vulnerable to deficiencies and diseases. Around 78% of the respondents admitted to consuming highly calorific food including fries, pizzas, pasta and burgers on an almost regular basis resulting in disorders ranging from obesity to an early diagnosis of diabetes. Around 17% were found to be suffering from hair fall and mildly anemic.

The impact of nutrition on the overall quality of life adolescent girls are living across the city of Kota

Non-Biodegradable substances produce the greenhouse gasses, methane and carbon dioxide. Growing plants and trees on top of a landfill, a process known as ‘Phyto capping’, could reduce the production and release of these gasses. In certain parts of the world, it remains the most economical and simplest method of waste disposal. Biodegradation of organic matter in a landfill site occurs most rapidly when water comes into contact with the buried waste. An important step in the drive is to remove environmentally harmful materials from waste streams and drinking water. A synthetic clay known as swelling mica has the ability to separate ions of radium, a radioactive metal, from the water. The finding could have implications for radioactive and hazardous waste disposal, particularly in the cleanup of mill tailings left over from the processing of uranium for the nation’s nuclear industry. The tailings contain radium and heavy metals.

Effect of bio-degradation and non degradable substances in environment

This paper compares performance measures in the corporate and strategic entrepreneurial activities of firms. The paper develops the concepts of strategic entrepreneurship and that of corporate entrepreneurship with the aim of identifying the measures suitable for determining their “end-points” and hence, performance, with respect to the firm’s activities. The paper concludes the performance measures for both entrepreneurial processes need to consider and exploit the salient differences in their operations. When this is done, a “balanced” picture of the firm’s strategic as well as corporate entrepreneurial performance that aligns itself with the dynamic environment, operational processes and stakeholders and such that can enhance continuous improvement will be attainable.

A Theoretical Study of Performance Measures in the Strategic and Corporate Entrepreneurship of Firms

The environmental complexity arises in the world as an effect of the forms of knowledge, but it is not only a relation of knowledge. This concept emerges from the world interpreted by science as an objective, fragmented and specialized knowledge. Therefore, complexity and systems theory arise at the same time as the environmental crisis is manifested. The research work starts from an idea linked to the formation of current and future generations to achieve sustainability from the direct link of educational centers with society, an experience that is addressed from the university, as a sure way to influence the achievement of sustainable development. It offers a developing vision of the role that the student and the university institution should play in terms of sustainability inspired by a logical model of community bonding, where students figure as central actors in the action process, learning and serving the same community time that they demand from others what they can and should do in the interests of sustainable development.

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Sustainable development seen from environmental training in university linkage

Citrus is a tropical fruit that is preferred by the majority of the Indonesian people. But availability does not comply with this requirement due to the increase of population, income generation, public awareness of the importance of nutrition in addition to the development of agro-industries This is because one of them is the presence of buds induced and not induced in which to manipulate flowering citrus crop is still relatively difficult, because information limited to flowering as the flowering phase and an endogenous substance which causes the flowers induced or not induced. This study uses the citrus crop was ten years old, aims to identify phases-phase of the development of flowers and learn the changes in endogenous substances suspected to affect flowering buds flowering shoots induced or not induced. The results showed that the flowering buds induced marked by enlargement and swelling at the base of prospective new shoots, while the buds are not induced longitudinal prospective new shoots grow straight, and do not experience enlargement and swelling at the base Citrus plants flower development consists of four phases.

Identification of Development Phases and Changes Shoots Flowering Orange Siam Plants

This study aims to investigate the effect of biochar and phonska as well as its interaction on the growth and yield of corn crops. This experiment used a randomized block design (RBD), a factorial pattern with 2 factors. The first factor was the biochar dose consisting of 4 levels, ie: without biochar, 5 t ha-1, 10 t ha-1, and 15 t ha-1. The second factor was the dose of phonska fertilizer consisting of 2 levels: without phonska and 300 kg ha-1. The results showed that the dose of biochar 10 t ha-1 gave the highest dry weight of seed per hectare of 8.12 tons, an increase of 32.77% compared with without biochar of 6.12 tons. The treatment of phonska fertilizer dosage of 300 kg ha-1 gave the highest dry weight of seed per hectare of 8.07 tons and the increase of 26.68% compared with without phonska of 6.37 tons. Based on a result of regression analysis test obtained optimum dose 10.44 t ha-1 with a dry weight of seed per ha maximum 7.90 ton. 

Keywords: charcoal, bamboo biochar, NPK phonska, corn

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Utilization of Bamboo Biochar and Phonska Fertilizer on Cultivation of Maize (Zea mays L.)

The purpose of this study was to obtain rabbit urine concentration and the right dose of KNO3 to increase fertility and nutrient availability to get the best growth and yield of melons. This research is a factorial experiment, with a Basic Design Randomized Block Design with 2 factors tried. In the first factor giving rabbit urine consists of 4 levels: U0= without giving urine, U1= giving urine 100 cc L-1 water, U2= giving urine 200 cc L-1 water, U3 = giving urine 300 cc L-1 water. The second factor with 3 levels: K0= without KNO3, K1= dose of 100 kg ha-1 KNO3, K2= dose of 200 kg ha-1 KNO3. 12 combination treatments will be obtained and repeated 3 times. From the analysis, results obtained the interaction between administration of rabbit urine and KNO3 significantly affected the highest fresh weight variable per plant in the combination of 300 cc L-1 water rabbit urine with KNO3 dose of 200 kg ha-1 (U3K2) of 225.02 g and the lowest in combination without urine rabbits with no KNO3 (U0K0) of 158.23 g and this increased 42.21%. The fresh weight of fruit per plant in the administration of 300 cc L-1 rabbit urine water (U3) obtained the highest weight of 851.72 g and the lowest without rabbit urine (U0) of 680.96 g and U3 increased by 25.08% when compared with U0. Fresh weight of fruit per plant at a dose of 200 kg ha-1 KNO3 (K2) obtained the highest weight is 903.21 g and the lowest at no KNO3 (K0) is 651.37 g and the dose of 200 kg ha-1 KNO3 (K2) increased 38,66% compared to without KNO3 (K0).

Response to Growth and Yield Melon Plant ( Cucumis Melo L.) in the Giving of Rabbit Urine and KNO3

The research aimed to find out the efforts to produce off-season orange fruit and increase the quality of fruit through the application of potassium nitrate and agrodyke organic fertilizer. The study used a factorial randomized block design with 2 treatment factors. The first factor is the flower induction application using potassium nitrate (K) consisting of 3 levels, namely (K0 = 0 g/tree), (K1 = 20 g/tree), and (K2 = 40 g/tree). While the second factor is the application of agrodyke organic fertilizer (P) consisting of 4 levels, namely (P0 = 0 g / tree), (P1 = 15 g/tree), (P2 = 30 g / tree) and (P3 = 45 g/tree). There are 12 combination treatments and each of them is repeated 3 times so that 36 tree plants are needed. The results showed the interaction between potassium nitrate treatment with agrodyke organic fertilizer treatment had no significant effect on all observed variables. Potassium nitrate treatment and agrodyke organic fertilizer can significantly improve the quality of orange citrus fruit out of season physically. In the treatment of potassium nitrate 40 g/tree, the weight of the harvested fruit per tree was obtained, the weight per fruit and the highest fruit diameter were 13703.90 g; 99.92 g and 6.81 cm or an increase of 62.24%; 16.32% and 9.49% compared with no treatment of potassium nitrate which is 8446.60 g; 87, 42 g and 6.22 cm.

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Efforts to produce Siamese citrus fruit out of season and fruit quality improvement through application of potassium nitrate and agrodyke fertilizer

The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of the distribution of goat and cow manure on the growth and yield of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.). The study was conducted from 28 October to 13 December 2016. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) with 2 factors consisting of 4 levels of treatment, each treatment was repeated 3 times so that 16 treatment combinations were obtained. In this experiment, 48 trial plots are needed. The results showed that in the distribution of goat manure the highest fresh tuber weight was obtained from a dose of 30 tons / ha (K3) which was 7.35 g and the oven dry weight of the tuber was obtained from administering a dose of 10 tons / ha (K1) which was 1.78 gram. Meanwhile, fresh weight and dry weight of tubers in the administration of cow manure tend to be obtained at the administration of a dose of 30 tons / ha which have values of 7.27 g and 1.65 g, respectively.

Luh Kartini

Papers

Identification of Development Phases and Changes Shoots Flowering Orange Siam Plants

Utilization of Bamboo Biochar and Phonska Fertilizer on Cultivation of Maize (Zea mays L.)

Response to Growth and Yield Melon Plant ( Cucumis Melo L.) in the Giving of Rabbit Urine and KNO3

Efforts to produce Siamese citrus fruit out of season and fruit quality improvement through application of potassium nitrate and agrodyke fertilizer

Effect of Goat and Cow Manure Fertilizer on the Growth of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L)