Luiz Antonio Carlos Bertollo

TL;DR: Different trends in the karyotypic evolution can be seen among the subfamilies: Hypostominae and Loricariinae species present diversified kary prototypic macrostructures, while the Ancistrinae appear to show more conserved karyotypes.

TL;DR: The data indicate that the variant karyotypes are a consequence of interbreeding between the standard cytotypes (2n = 46 and 48) and/or its descendants, and suggests a karyotype plasticity for this species, where at least a few variant kARYotypes would not have deleterious effects on their bearers.

TL;DR: The data suggest that some chromosomal rearrangements, as the robertsonian ones and pericentric inversions, were important for the karyotypic evolution of Hypostomus.

TL;DR: The data obtained suggest a mechanism of multiple sex chromosomes of the ZZ/ZW1W2 type, where chromosome Z may be number 1 in the complement and chromosomes W1 and W2 are morphologically undifferentiated.

TL;DR: The morphometric analyses of canonical variates indicate a consistent isolation of the Furna 2 sample, while the other samples seem to be superimposed, indicating a possible gene flow or even a recent isolation event in the studied region.