หนงสอเรอง การออกแบบการวจย: วธการวจยเชงคณภาพ วธการวจยเชงปรมาณ และวธการวจยแบบผสม (Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Approaches) เปนหนงสอทเรยบเรยงเพออธบายเกยวกบความแตกตางของกระบวนทศนการวจยทง 2 แบบ ไดแก การวจย เชงปรมาณ และการวจยเชงคณภาพ และความจำเปนของประเดนปญหาการวจยทตองนำกระบวนทศนทง 2 มารวมกนหาขอคนพบเพอนำไปสผลการวจยทสามารถนำผลการวจยไปใชประโยชนไดอยางจรงมากยงขน เรยกวา “การวจยแบบผสมผสาน” ซงเปนหนงสอทอธบายวธการวจยทง 2 ประเภทไดอยางชดเจน และการรวมกนของกระบวนทศนการวจยทง 2 แบบอยางลงตว

Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Approaches

行銷硏究 : Marketing research

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PurposeWith fundraising appeals for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) relief efforts and donating to those affected by its spread and impact, donors, volunteers and charities can all play their part and render much-needed support and aid. The purpose of this study is to be part of such effort by empirically examining the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations that drive people's attitudes to engage in fundraising campaigns launched in many communities, providing a richer understanding of donors' responses.Design/methodology/approachThe present work follows a quantitative approach based on an online survey conducted among potential Kuwaiti charitable donors. A total of 565 useable responses (356 females, 209 males) were obtained using snowball sampling and analyzed through smart partial least squares (SmartPLS) software.FindingsWith 90% of respondents financially able to donate who have a monthly income equal to or greater than the average (US$2000), this study confirms the suitability of the model used in predicting donors' attitudes to contribute online to grassroots fundraising campaigns. It reveals that all constructs included in the model (i.e. charitable projects geared for those affected by the pandemic, Internet technology (IT) features and religiosity level) are statistically significant, except for trust in charities.Practical implicationsThis study suggests that in uncertainty and concern surrounding COVID-19, nonprofit organizations, charities and governments should make concerted efforts toward mitigating the impacts of the pandemic on families and workers who are on the frontline against its outbreak. Possible areas need to be improved through suitable proactive strategies to solicit online monetary donations, such as charitable projects with inclusive information, focus attention on IT features (e.g. privacy, trustworthiness, security and effectiveness) and strengthen the religious faith of donors toward the significance of helping vulnerable groups and regions.Originality/valueThe research adds value to the literature on donation and giving behavior by offering an in-depth understanding of what influences online donation attitudes, especially amid such an unprecedented epidemic crisis.

Social solidarity amid the COVID-19 outbreak: fundraising campaigns and donors' attitudes

The problem of tax noncompliance is widely described as a serious global phenomenon, especially in developing and least developing countries.Literatures indicate a number of factors that could possibly influence tax noncompliance behaviour but there is no single theory that can explain the phenomenon of tax noncompliance behaviour.Thus, researchers suggested that theories from sociology, psychology and economy could be useful in explaining tax behaviour. Perception and attitude of taxpayers are among
the factors contributing towards compliance behaviour.In this regard, empirical evidence indicates that taxpayers act according to their belief and attitudes.Nevertheless, the specific attitude/view of Muslims towards tax has not been considered.Consequently, the purpose of this paper is to discuss the theoretical link between the
influence of Islamic religious perspective and tax noncompliance behaviour.Furthermore, tax service quality, public governance quality and tax system structure, which are perceived as relevant to developing and least developing countries, were
taken into consideration in the proposed framework.The paper concluded by urging future researchers to consider the relevancy of the Muslim-majority community in the future tax noncompliance studies.

A conceptual framework for tax non-compliance studies in a Muslim country: A proposed framework for the case of Yemen

Tax non-compliance behaviour has been addressed as a continuous serious concern globally. However, empirical research on tax non-compliance in Yemen is still scarce. The major purpose of this study was to investigate the issue of income tax non-compliance behaviour in Yemeni SMEs from two theoretical perspectives, namely social psychology and economy. It aimed to empirically investigate the influence of the Islamic religious perspective, geopolitical differences, tax service quality, public governance quality, tax rate and penalties on taxpayers’ behaviour. As a new contribution to tax non-compliance knowledge, the moderating effect of Islamic religious perspective on the relationship between tax non-compliance behaviour and its determinants was also examined. Data was collected using the survey method, whereby a total of 500 questionnaires yielded a 66% response rate. Hierarchical regression analysis was employed to test the hypotheses. The findings show that Islamic religious perspective and geopolitical differences have significant influences on taxpayers’ behaviour. The results also indicate that tax service quality and public governance quality have significant negative influences on the level of tax non-compliance, and tax rate positively influences the level of tax non-compliance but the influence of penalties on the level of tax non-compliance is statistically non-significant. Additionally, this study provides evidence that integrating the Islamic religious perspective, as a moderator, strengthens the ability of the model to explain the issue of tax non-compliance, and significantly moderates the influence of geopolitical differences and penalties. This study concluded with the theoretical and methodological contributions, and practical implications for the tax authority and the government of Yemen.

Determinants of tax non-compliance behaviour of Yemeni SMEs : a moderating role of Islamic religious perspective

The problem of tax noncompliance is widely acknowledged as a massive phenomenon in many countries, especially in developing and least developing countries.Previous literatures indicate a number of factors that could possibly influence tax compliance behaviour. In regards to this, perception and attitude of taxpayers are among factors contributing toward compliance behaviour.Nevertheless, the attitude/view of Muslims towards tax has not been considered. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to discuss the theoretical link between the influence of Islamic religious perspective and tax compliance behaviour.Empirical evidence indicates that taxpayers are acting according to their belief and attitudes.This paper provided discussion of the Islamic perspectives about tax and relevancy of few theories in tax compliance behavioural studies.The paper concluded by urging future researchers to consider Muslim attitudes towards tax in their future tax compliance studies, particularly in any Muslim-majority community

Does Muslim view on tax influence compliance behaviour

Almost all countries around the world are continuously facing problems and challenges
with regards to compliance with tax rules and regulations.The scenario is prevalent in developing countries, especially the Middle East countries in general and Yemen in particular. Although many official reports in Yemen provided ample evidence of the existence of this problem in the country, there is, unfortunately, a lack of studies that provide causal explanations of this issue.This empirical study investigates the influence of tax service quality on taxpayer behaviour in the context of Yemeni small
and medium enterprises (SME).Data have been collected from the Yemeni SMEs through a personally administered questionnaire.The analysis reveals that tax non-compliance in Yemen can be considered high among SME owner-managers. As part of a larger study of determinants of income tax compliance behaviour, this paper focuses on the perceived tax service quality factor.The tax service quality is perceived as low, indicating that the SME owner-manager seems to be not satisfied with the quality of services received from the tax authority.A simple regression analysis found that the perceived tax service quality has a significant negative influence on tax non-compliance behaviour.The study, therefore recommends that the tax authority of a country considers the relevant measures and strategies in improving the quality of tax services, which in turn enhances the level of tax compliance.

Lutfi Hassen Ali Al-Ttaffi

Papers

Social solidarity amid the COVID-19 outbreak: fundraising campaigns and donors' attitudes

A conceptual framework for tax non-compliance studies in a Muslim country: A proposed framework for the case of Yemen

Determinants of tax non-compliance behaviour of Yemeni SMEs : a moderating role of Islamic religious perspective

Does Muslim view on tax influence compliance behaviour

Service quality and income tax non-compliance among small and medium enterprises in Yemen