Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics is a textbook for advanced undergraduate and first year graduate students in mechanical, aerospace and chemical engineering. The book emphasizes understanding CFD through physical principles and examples. The author follows a consistent philosophy of control volume formulation of the fundamental laws of fluid motion and energy transfer, and introduces a novel notion of 'smoothing pressure correction' for solution of flow equations on collocated grids within the framework of the well-known SIMPLE algorithm. The subject matter is developed by considering pure conduction/diffusion, convective transport in 2-dimensional boundary layers and in fully elliptic flow situations and phase-change problems in succession. The book includes chapters on discretization of equations for transport of mass, momentum and energy on Cartesian, structured curvilinear and unstructured meshes, solution of discretised equations, numerical grid generation and convergence enhancement. Practising engineers will find this particularly useful for reference and for continuing education.

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Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics

Three-dimensional computational analysis of transport phenomena in a pem fuel cell

Properties of phonons - quanta of the crystal lattice vibrations - in graphene have attracted strong attention of the physics and engineering communities. Acoustic phonons are the main heat carriers in graphene near room temperature while optical phonons are used for counting the number of atomic planes in Raman experiments with few-layer graphene. It was shown both theoretically and experimentally that transport properties of phonons, i.e. energy dispersion and scattering rates, are substantially different in the quasi two-dimensional system such as graphene compared to basal planes in graphite or three-dimensional bulk crystals. The unique nature of two-dimensional phonon transport translates to unusual heat conduction in graphene and related materials. In this review we outline different theoretical approaches developed for phonon transport in graphene, discuss contributions of the in-plane and cross-plane phonon modes and provide comparison with available experimental thermal conductivity data. Particular attention is given to analysis of recent theoretical results for the phonon thermal conductivity of graphene and few-layer graphene, and the effects of the strain, defects and isotopes on the phonon transport in these systems.

Phonon Transport in Graphene

The address is a wide-ranging commentary on the physical aspects of granitic magma and deals especially with the mode of emplacement. Recommendations on the nomenclature of plutons and batholiths involve both a description of the actual shape and their modeling by experimental and salt-diapir analogues. The nature of granitic crystal-mushes, wet or dry, is discussed in the light of the special properties of pseudoplastics, particularly the influence of the physical state on the sinking of crystals and xenoliths, on magma mobility in zoned plutons, and on the final rock structure. The longevity of plutonic events and their episodic character are commented on in relation to the subduction process. The generation of granitic magmas, their upwelling and the structural control of their intrusion, whether forceful or permissive, are discussed. The structural form of batholiths in depth is described in terms of a batholith denudation series particularly in the circum-Pacific context. Finally, two main orogenic environments of granites are contrasted in terms of the Hercynotype and Andinotype, and composition and structure are interrelated in a proposed general model for the emplacement of batholiths.

The nature, ascent and emplacement of granitic magmas

Heat transfer and pressure drop in narrow rectangular channels

Thermophysical Properties Research Literature Retrieval Guide Edited by Y. S. Touloukian, J. K. Gerritsen and N. Y. Moore Second edition, revised and expanded. Book 1: Pp. xxi + 819. Book 2: Pp.621. Book 3: Pp. ix + 1315. (New York: Plenum Press, 1967.) n.p.

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M. J. Wheeler

Papers

Heat and Mass Transfer