Exposes the great foundation-stones of research on radiating flows in astrophysics. Upon them are built the walls of methodology (some understandably incomplete). Concentration is on fundamentals but with only few applications. Coverage broadly involves non-radiating fluids, physics of radiation, radiation transport, and dynamics of radiating fluids, and finally the elements of sensor calculus as used in this volume. Contents, abridged: Microphysics of gases. Dynamics of ideal fluids. Relativistic fluid flow. Radiation and radiative transfer. Radiating flows. Glossary of physical symbols. Index.

/pdf/foundations-of-radiation-hydrodynamics-3it0xzft7t.pdf

Foundations of Radiation Hydrodynamics

The lipids of biological membranes and intact biomembranes display chain melting transitions close to temperatures of physiological interest. During this transition the heat capacity, volume and area compressibilities, and relaxation times all reach maxima. Compressibilities are thus nonlinear functions of temperature and pressure in the vicinity of the melting transition, and we show that this feature leads to the possibility of soliton propagation in such membranes. In particular, if the membrane state is above the melting transition solitons will involve changes in lipid state. We discuss solitons in the context of several striking properties of nerve membranes under the influence of the action potential, including mechanical dislocations and temperature changes.

https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/102/28/9790.full.pdf

On soliton propagation in biomembranes and nerves.

Mechanical aspects of membrane thermodynamics. Estimation of the mechanical properties of lipid membranes close to the chain melting transition from calorimetry

http://caminos.udc.es/gmni/pdf/2010/2010_nsk_HGomez.pdf

Isogeometric analysis of the isothermal Navier-Stokes-Korteweg equations

Damage mechanics describes the degradation process that takes place in materials and structures. Traditionally, Coffin–Manson type empirical curves are used to determine the fatigue life. Damage mechanics allows us to determine the fatigue life without the need for empirical curves. The main problem in damage mechanics has always been a lack of universally agreed upon definition of a damage metric. In this paper a damage metric based on the second law of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics is presented. The proposed thermodynamic framework treats a solid body as a thermodynamic system and requires that the entropy production be nonnegative. Verification of the damage model has been performed by extensive comparisons with laboratory test data of low cycle fatigue of Pb40/Sn60 solder alloy.

M. Kac

Papers

Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics