Showing papers by "M. Ramesh published in 2020"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a collection of essays to gain insights into the different national-level state responses to COVID-19 around the world and the conditions that shaped them.
297 citations
TL;DR: The assumption that the incentives and disincentives are right in order to ensure proper levels of compliance with government initiatives is a vital assumption of much of the writings on policy design as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Getting the incentives (and disincentives) right in order to ensure proper levels of compliance with government initiatives is a vital assumption of much of the writings on policy design. The assum...
12 citations
01 Sep 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a governance framework for education comprising political and operational functions, which then applies to education policy reforms in the Philippines since the 1970s, finding that the reforms have focused on financing and decentralization issues while overlooking many other critical governance functions.
Abstract: Educational systems around the world have undergone major reforms since the 1980s, with largely disappointing results. The objective of this paper is to understand the reasons behind the lackluster results with the purpose of devising ways to address them. Analysis in the paper is based on the understanding that the education sector is characterized by distinct functional imperatives that need to be addressed in policy responses that must involve a wide array of actors to be effective. In this view, education policy is fundamentally about establishing a governance structure to ensure that all the essential functions necessary to achieve the chosen policy goals are performed. Accordingly, the paper proposes a governance framework for education comprising political and operational functions, which it then applies to education policy reforms in the Philippines since the 1970s. The analysis finds that the reforms have focused on financing and decentralization issues while overlooking many other critical governance functions. The lackluster results are unsurprising given that the sector has been beset by many problems unrelated to centralized bureaucratic administration and which have been left unattended. The conclusions regarding the importance of comprehensive governance to emerge from this study are relevant not only for understanding education policy reforms in the Philippines and elsewhere but will also help develop a fuller understanding of the functioning of the education sector in general.
6 citations