For as long as one can remember, agriculture has been considered a backwater sector. Hence it was not viewed as an attractive alternative to other work sectors such as manufacturing, private, and public sector employment. Nonetheless, the transformation of agriculture sector spearheaded by the Prime Minister of Malaysia has somewhat nullified the said perception. The primary purpose of this research is to identify the factors that influence youth interest to become agricultural entrepreneur, and to investigate the relationships of factors with the interest of youth to become entrepreneur. In this context, two hundred and fifty (250) youth in Pahang, Malaysia was selected as respondents from the population of agricultural entrepreneur in Malaysia. This study used two methods namely qualitative and quantitative as the best way to address the issue of agriculture entrepreneurship. In the qualitative method purposive sampling where chosen as data collection method. The respondents selected are those who have experience, expertise and involved for many years in the agricultural business. The first finding is that all respondent agrees that attitude, acceptance and knowledge are the factors that influence youth to become agriculture entrepreneurs. The second finding indicates that attitude and acceptances are the factors which significantly influence the youth interest in agriculture entrepreneurship. This study also surprisingly reveals that knowledge factor is not significant in influencing interest of youth to become entrepreneurs. Further, the open-ended questions reveals other factors which influenced young people to become entrepreneurs are; family support, government support and promotion through carnivals and festivals. These findings provide insight to the government officials in the ministry of agriculture to resolve unemployment issues and achieve successful economic growth through the agriculture sector. Keyword: Factors, youth, agriculture entrepreneurship

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Factors That Influence the Interest of Youths in Agricultural Entrepreneurship

The study referred to the theory of planned behaviour in determining how the selected factors (innovativeness, proactive personality, need of achievement, internal locus of control, risk-taking propensity, lifestyle integration, social networking, resource and opportunity recognition, attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control) influenced the entrepreneurial intentions and pre-start-up behaviour among the Asnaf millennials in Malaysia. This study collected cross-sectional survey data, which are quantitative data from 310 randomly selected Asnaf millennials from Kelantan, Malaysia using structured interviews. This study used Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling PLS-SEM to analyse the data. The result confirmed the indirect influence (entrepreneurial intention) of attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control on the pre-start-up behaviour. Findings revealed that all antecedents have a positive and statistically significant effect on attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control, with an exception to risk-taking propensity. Hence, it is suggested that development programs and policies should enhance the innovativeness and opportunity recognition competency, provide access to working capital, and build a platform to promote entrepreneurial networking in increasing entrepreneurial intention among the low-income Asnaf millennials in Malaysia.

Predicting Entrepreneurial Intentions and Pre-Start-Up Behaviour among Asnaf Millennials

This paper is concerned with the socio-economic impacts of agro-tourism activities in coastal villages listed as Desa Wawasan Nelayan (DWN) in Malaysia. The paper discussed the impacts of the two major components of socio-economics dynamics, namely social and economic activities. This account highlights a number of discussions with specific reference to DWN in Malaysia. It identifies the similarities and differences with regard to socio-economic impact, and it is expected that these points will be of practical use for other agro-tourism areas around the globe, and help to increase interest in agro-tourism activities.

The coastal community perception on the socio-economic impacts of agro-tourism activities in coastal villages in Malaysia.

Globally, agriculture has been admitted as one of the important sectors and the similar setting can be found in Malaysia. Government has never stopped in placing their effort to further improve this sector and it can be proven through the establishment of number of high impact agriculture projects. As the sector has well developed, nonetheless, the ageing agriculture community in Malaysia has raised concerns among the related parties and such issue has driven this paper to its main objective which is to explore the inclination of the younger generation particularly the youth towards involvement in agriculture. This paper is exploratory in nature where data were gained through literature and document analyses. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that most of the youth have a positive perception about agriculture but only few of them are involved directly in this field.

https://www.textroad.com/pdf/JBASR/J.%20Basic.%20Appl.%20Sci.%20Res.,%202(11)10892-10894,%202012.pdf

Inclination towards agriculture among rural youth in Malaysia

Information Communication Technology (ICT) offers an abundance of benefits to users, particularly in relation to socio-economic aspects. Agro-based entrepreneurs are one group of users that has experienced such benefits. Additionally, young agro-based entrepreneurs are able to access more opportunities due to their superior ICT knowledge and compatibility. The present study aims to identify the potential benefits of ICT usage for youth agro-based entrepreneurs. Through document analyses, it can be concluded that the benefits offered from ICT to youth agro-based entrepreneurs include improving operational efficiency, increasing income, strengthening marketing aspects and creating new opportunities. With all of these potential benefits in place, it is hoped that consistent involvement from youths in the agriculture industries can be ensured.

Potential Benefits of ICT for Youth Agro-based Entrepreneurs in Malaysia

This study attempts to investigate whether rural and urban youth have any difference on acceptance, attitude and knowledge towards contract farming Agriculture indeed has been an important factor for development in Malaysia Contract farming is one of the agricultural activities which is still in its infancy stage in Malaysia that offers huge benefits for the interested parties Youth acceptance, attitude and knowledge can be considered as the key for this new industry to be sustained, but do youth in Malaysia have a good level of acceptance, attitude and knowledge towards contract farming? Data was gathered through a survey questionnaire on a total of 400 rural and urban youth who are currently studying in various tertiary institutions throughout Malaysia Data were analyzed using SPSS where analyses such as frequency, mean, standard deviation and independent sample t-test were performed Interestingly, urban and rural youth have similar level of acceptance, attitude and knowledge towards contract farming Based on the independent sample t-test, there is no significant difference in acceptance, attitude and knowledge on contract farming between rural and urban youths Based on the results, it can be concluded that contract farming can be a mechanism to attract more urban and rural youth to be part of agriculture community in Malaysia To do this, more promotion and information on contract farming should be exposed to the youths It is recommended that agriculture agencies and agriculture related universities to take the responsibilities of introducing the concept of contract farming to the youth

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M. S. Hayrol Azr

Papers

Acceptance, Attitude and Knowledge Towards Agriculture Economic Activity between Rural and Urban Youth: The Case of Contract Farming