I. INTRODUCTION TO EVALUATION. 1. Evaluation's Basic Purpose, Uses, and Conceptual Distinctions. 2. Origins of Modern Program Evaluation. 3. Recent Developments and Trends in Evaluation. II. ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES TO PROGRAM EVALUATION. 4. Alternative Views of Evaluation. 5. Objectives-Oriented Evaluation Approaches. 6. Management-Oriented Evaluation Approaches. 7. Consumer-Oriented Evaluation Approaches. 8. Expertise-Oriented Evaluation Approaches. 9. Adversary-Oriented Evaluation Approaches. 10. Participant-Oriented Evaluation Approaches. 11. Alternative Evaluation Approaches: A Summary and Comparative Analysis. III. PRACTICAL GUIDELINES FOR PLANNING EVALUATION. 12. Clarifying the Evaluation Request and Responsibilities. 13. Setting Boundaries and Analyzing the Evaluation Context. 14. Identifying and Selecting the Evaluative Questions and Criteria. 15. Planning How to Conduct the Evaluation. IV. PRACTICAL GUIDELINES FOR CONDUCTING AND USING EVALUATIONS. 16. Dealing with Political, Ethical, and Interpersonal Aspects of Evaluation. 17. Collecting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Quantitative Information. 18. Collecting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Qualitative Information. 19. Reporting and Using Evaluation Information. 20. Evaluating Evaluations. V. EMERGING AND FUTURE SETTINGS FOR PROGRAM EVALUATION. 21. Conducting Multiple-Site Evaluation Studies. 22. Conducting Evaluations of Organizations Renewal and Training in Corporate and Nonprofit Settings. 23. The Future of Evaluation. Appendix: Some General Areas of Competence Important in Education Evaluation.

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تقويم البرنامج : طرق بديلة و إرشادات عملية = Program evaluation Alternative Approaches and Practical Guidelines

The research focuses on identifying the way in which Romanian universities managed to provide knowledge during the Coronavirus pandemic, when, in a very short time, universities had to adapt the educational process for exclusively online teaching and learning. In this regard, we analyzed students’ perception regarding online learning, their capacity to assimilate information, and the use of E-learning platforms. An online survey based on a semi-structured questionnaire was conducted. Data was collected from 762 students from two of the largest Romanian universities. The results of the research revealed that higher education institutions in Romania were not prepared for exclusively online learning. Thus, the advantages of online learning identified in other studies seem to diminish in value, while disadvantages become more prominent. The hierarchy of problems that arise in online learning changes in the context of the crisis caused by the pandemic. Technical issues are the most important, followed by teachers’ lack of technical skills and their teaching style improperly adapted to the online environment. However, the last place was assigned by students to the lack of interaction with teachers or poor communication with them. Based on these findings, research implications for universities and researchers are discussed.

Online teaching and learning in higher education during the coronavirus pandemic: Students’ perspective

Arthur Chickering is Distinguished Professor of Higher Education at Memphis State University. On leave from the Directorship of the Center for the Study of Higher Education at Memphis State, he is Visiting Professor at George Mason University. Zelda Gamson is a sociologist who holds appointments at the John W. McCormack Institute of Public Affairs at the University of Massachusetts-Boston and in the Center for the Study of Higher and Postsecondary Education at the University of Michigan.

Seven Principles for Good Practice in Undergraduate Education: Faculty Inventory. Institutional Inventory.

The information technology educational programs at most universities in Egypt face many obstacles that can be overcome using technology enhanced learning. An open source Moodle e-learning platform has been implemented at many universities in Egypt, as an aid to deliver e-content and to provide the institution with various possibilities for implementing asynchronous e-learning web-based modules. This paper shows that the use of interactive features of e-learning increases the motivation of the undergraduate students for the learning process.

/pdf/e-learning-and-students-motivation-a-research-study-on-the-4vjrl2se1j.pdf

E-Learning and Students' Motivation: A Research Study on the Effect of E-Learning on Higher Education

The spread of COVID-19 poses a threat to humanity, as this pandemic has forced many global activities to close, including educational activities. To reduce the spread of the virus, education institutions have been forced to switch to e-learning using available educational platforms, despite the challenges facing this sudden transformation. In order to further explore the potentials challenges facing learning activities, the focus of this study is on e-learning from students' and instructor's perspectives on using and implementing e-learning systems in a public university during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study targets the society that includes students and teaching staff in the Information Technology (IT) faculty at the University of Benghazi. The descriptive-analytical approach was applied and the results were analyzed by statistical methods. Two types of questionnaires were designed and distributed, i.e., the student questionnaire and the instructor questionnaire. Four dimensions have been highlighted to reach the expected results, i.e., the extent of using e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, advantages, disadvantages and obstacles of implementing E-learning in the IT faculty. By analyzing the results, we achieved encouraging results that throw light on some of the issues, challenges and advantages of using e-learning systems instead of traditional education in higher education in general and during emergency periods.

/pdf/the-covid-19-pandemic-and-e-learning-challenges-and-5amr9dt1qa.pdf

The COVID-19 pandemic and E-learning: challenges and opportunities from the perspective of students and instructors.

The information technology educational programs at most universities in Egypt face many obstacles that can be overcome using technology enhanced learning. An open source Moodle eLearning platform has been implemented at many public and private universities in Egypt, as an aid to deliver e-content and to provide the institution with various possibilities for implementing asynchronous e-learning web-based modules. In this paper the use of web-based education through cloud computing is presented. The evaluation showed that it has strongly contributed to the effectiveness of e- learning by improving the quality of students' comprehension.

/pdf/implementation-of-web-based-education-in-egypt-through-cloud-4a6saqypcx.pdf

Implementation of Web-Based Education in Egypt through Cloud Computing Technologies and Its Effect on Higher Education

The information technology educational programs at most universities in Egypt face many obstacles that can be overcome using technology enhanced learning. An open source Moodle eLearning platform has been implemented at many universities in Egypt, as an aid to deliver e-content and to provide the institution with various possibilities for implementing asynchronous e-learning web-based modules. This paper shows that the use of interactive features of e-learning increases the motivation of the undergraduate students for the learning process.

E-Learning and motivation effects on Egyptian higher education

Web-based learning tools provide integrated environments of various technologies to support diverse educators' and learners' needs via the Internet. Motivation strategies in online distance learning and e-learning should be identified early in the process so as to enhance the learning outcomes. Online learning can be more flexible and often involves more technologies that can give learners the opportunity to interact with instructors and other learners effectively and flexibly. Recent studies indicate that university students who have been enrolled on e-learning courses outperform those being taught on traditional courses. An example of this can be found at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) in America where student exam results have shown improvement as a result of e-learning techniques. It is therefore imperative that an education system is created which is capable of rapid adaption to its technological, social, cultural and political environment. This paper shows that the use of interactive features of e-learning increases the motivation of undergraduate students for the learning process.

Strategies to enhance learner's motivation in e-learning environment

Visualization of patient’s anatomy is the most important pre-operation process in surgeries, minimally invasive surgeries are among these types of medical operations that counts totally on medical visualization before operating on a patient. However, medicine has a problem in visualizing patients’ through looking through multiple slices of scans, trying to understand the three-dimensional (3D) anatomical structure of patients. With Mixed Reality (MR) the developments in medicine visualization will become much easier and creates a better environment for surgeries. This will help reduce the excessive effort and time spent by surgeons to locate where the problem lies with patients without looking through multiple of two-dimensional (2D) slices, but to see patients’ bodies in 3D in front of them augmented in their reality, and to interact with it whatever pleases them. Moreover, this will reduce the number of scans that doctors will ask their patient’s for, which will result in less harmful x-ray dosages for both the patient and the radiologist. Biomedical development in medical visualization is an active research topic as it provides the physicians with required devices for clinically feasible way for diagnosis, follow-up and take decisions in different disease life line. Current clinical imaging facility can provide a 3D imaging that can be used to guide different interventional procedures. The main challenge is how to map the information presented in the digital image with the real object. This is commonly implemented by mental processing that requires skills from the medical doctor. This paper contributes to this problem by providing a mixed reality system to merge the digital image of the patient anatomy with the patient visual image. Anatomical image obtained from Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is mapped over the patient body using virtual reality (VR) head-mounted device (HMD).

/pdf/an-interactive-mixed-reality-ray-tracing-rendering-mobile-1b44sbued7.pdf

M. Samir Abou El-Seoud

Papers

E-Learning and Students' Motivation: A Research Study on the Effect of E-Learning on Higher Education

Implementation of Web-Based Education in Egypt through Cloud Computing Technologies and Its Effect on Higher Education

E-Learning and motivation effects on Egyptian higher education

Strategies to enhance learner's motivation in e-learning environment

An Interactive Mixed Reality Ray Tracing Rendering Mobile Application of Medical Data in Minimally Invasive Surgeries