Laminated metal composites (LMCs) are a unique form of composite material in which alternating metal or metal containing layers are bonded together with discrete interfaces. The mechanical properties of these materials are reviewed. The tensile properties at low and high temperatures are described. At low temperature, very high tensile strengths can be achieved in deposition processed laminates and very high tensile ductilities can be achieved in roll bonded laminates by layer thickness refinement. At high temperature, superplasticity has been observed and agrees with predictions from constitutive creep relations. Damage critical properties (such as fracture toughness, fatigue, and impact behaviour) and damping can be superior to those exhibited by the component materials. The damage critical properties are strongly influenced by local delaminations at layer interfaces. Mechanisms responsible for many of the unique properties of LMCs have been proposed. The influence of processing, laminate archit...

Mechanical behaviour of laminated metal composites

https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc733408/m2/1/high_res_d/791451.pdf

Ancient and modern laminated composites — from the Great Pyramid of Gizeh to Y2K ☆

An ultrahigh carbon (UHC) steel/mild steel laminated composite and a UHC steel/UHC steel laminate have been successfully manufactured by a roll-bonding procedure. Impact properties of these laminates, as well as of monolithic samples of the steels contained in these laminates, have been determined in the crackarrestor orientation over the temperature range 25 to −196°C. Both notched and unnotched samples of the laminated composite and laminate have been tested. Extremely low ductile-to-brittle temperatures of −140°C, and very high shelf energies (>325 J), have been found both for the laminated composites and the laminates. This remarkably good behavior is shown to be a result of notch blunting by delamination within the laminates.

The impact properties of laminated composites containing ultrahigh carbon (UHC) steels

Ultrahigh-carbon steels (UHCSs) are low-alloyed plain carbon steels containing 1–2.1% carbon. These steels have remarkable structural properties when processed to achieve fine ferrite grains with fine spheroidized carbides. They can be made superplastic at intermediate temperatures. Further, they can be made hard with compression toughness and strong with good tensile ductility at ambient temperatures. Contrary to conventional wisdom, UHCSs are ideal replacements for currently used high-carbon (0.5–1 % carbon) steels because they have comparable ductility but higher strength and hardness. In this article, examples of structural components formed from fine-grained spheroidized UHCSs are illustrated, and other potential structural applications are reviewed. These steels can be laminated with other metal-based materials to achieve superplasticity, high impact resistance, exceptionally high tensile ductility, and improved fatigue behavior.

The case for ultrahigh-carbon steels as structural materials

Recent studies and results on ultrahigh carbon (UHC) steels suggest that major development efforts on these steels are timely and that programs to evaluate prototype structural components should be initiated. These recent results include: the development of economical processing techniques incorporating a divorced eutectoid transformation, the improvement of room temperature strength and ductility by heat treatment, the enhancement of superplastic properties through dilute alloying with silicon, and the attainment of exceptional notch impact strength in laminated UHC steel composites manufactured through solid state bonding. The unique mechanical properties achieved in UHC steels are due to the presence of micron-size fer-rite grains and ultrafine spheroidized carbides.

M. Tokizane

Papers

Manufacture and Mechanical Properties of Laminated and Monolithic Fine-grained High-carbon Superplastic Bearing Steel