Background:Wet needling uses hollow-bore needles to deliver corticosteroids, anesthetics, sclerosants, botulinum toxins, or other agents. In contrast, dry needling requires the insertion of thin mo...

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Dry needling: a literature review with implications for clinical practice guidelines.

Objective. Abnormal foot posture and function have been proposed as possible risk factors for low back pain, but this has not been examined in detail. The objective of this study was to explore the associations of foot posture and foot function with low back pain in 1930 members of the Framingham Study (2002–05).

Methods. Low back pain, aching or stiffness on most days was documented on a body chart. Foot posture was categorized as normal, planus or cavus using static weight-bearing measurements of the arch index. Foot function was categorized as normal, pronated or supinated using the centre of pressure excursion index derived from dynamic foot pressure measurements. Sex-specific multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the associations of foot posture, foot function and asymmetry with low back pain, adjusting for confounding variables.

Results. Foot posture showed no association with low back pain. However, pronated foot function was associated with low back pain in women [odds ratio (OR) = 1.51, 95% CI 1.1, 2.07, P = 0.011] and this remained significant after adjusting for age, weight, smoking and depressive symptoms (OR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.07, 2.05, P = 0.018).

Conclusion. These findings suggest that pronated foot function may contribute to low back symptoms in women. Interventions that modify foot function, such as orthoses, may therefore have a role in the prevention and treatment of low back pain.

/pdf/foot-posture-foot-function-and-low-back-pain-the-framingham-2nteow4pbu.pdf

Foot posture, foot function and low back pain: the Framingham Foot Study

Gait ground reaction force characteristics of low back pain patients with pronated foot and able-bodied individuals with and without foot pronation.

Foot posture, leg length discrepancy and low back pain--their relationship and clinical management using foot orthoses--an overview.

Study design:randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial.Background:Low back pain is one of the commonest disorders affecting the back. The literature reflects how over time excessive pronation of the foot has become to be recognized as linked to chronic low back pain, and how the problem can evolve for the better with the use of compensating foot orthoses.Objectives:The main objective of this study is to answer the question of whether the use of a certain type of custom-made foot orthosis alleviates low back pain.Material and methods:In a sample of 51 participants with excessive subtalar pronation and chronic low back pain (43 women and 8 men), the effect of custom-made foot orthoses in low back pain was studied. The study design was a randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial with two groups: experimental, treated with the custom-made foot orthoses, and control, treated with a placebo. Low back pain was evaluated by a visual analog scale for pain and Oswestry’s Disability Index Questionnaire for lower b...

The short-term effect of custom-made foot orthoses in subjects with excessive foot pronation and lower back pain: a randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial.

Manuel A. Duarte

Papers

Shoe Orthotics for the Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

Shoe Orthotics for the Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome in a Healthy Young Man.

Low back pain: mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment

Cellulitis of the Knee in a 16-Month-Old Boy: A Case Report.