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Gunfighter Nation: The Myth of the Frontier in Twentieth-Century America

The purpose of this study is to examine the Chinese confrontation, on the Pacific Coast, as it was experienced and rationalized by the white majority. For reasons which will be evident in what follows, the main body of the work (chapters 3 through 11) will focus on the Democratic party and the labor movement of California through the forty-year period after the Civil War. The two opening chapters turn back to explore aspects of the Jacksonian background which appear crucial to an understanding of what occurred in California. The final chapter looks beyond the turn of the century to trace certain results of the sequence of events in the West for the labor movement as a whole, and to suggest the influence of those events upon the crystallization of an American concept of national identity.

The Indispensable Enemy Labor and the Anti-Chinese Movement in California.

This dissertation examines U.S. views of Mexico from the end of the U.S.-Mexico War in 1848, to the end of the first phase of the Mexican Revolution in May 1911. During this period numerous Americans saw Mexico as a laboratory to test their ability to transform a country seemingly in need of guidance. Americans, however, struggled to define the role of the United States: whether it was solely to be a model for other nations to follow, or whether Americans should be actively involved in this process. In the years after the U.S. Civil War, a diverse group of Americans, especially missionaries, investors, and working-class activists, saw Mexico as a nation in need of change and sought to affect its transformation through the means of informal imperialism. Yet they vigorously disagreed whether this transformation should occur in religious, political, economic or social terms. Despite these differences, they all believed that Mexico could be reshaped in the image of the United States. Their views thus provided a powerful counternarrative to persistent U.S. images of the Mexican people as irredeemable because of allegedly inherent inferiorities based on race, religion or culture. The dissertation also examines the role of Mexican actors in attracting, resisting and altering U.S. informal imperialism. These Mexican actors included government officials who petitioned for U.S. assistance during the French Intervention (1862-67) and the Porfiriato (1876-1911); dissident Catholic priests who requested aid for the fledgling Protestant movement in Mexico; and Mexican liberal exiles from the repressive Diaz regime, who sought U.S. support in bringing a democratic government to Mexico.

http://ir.uiowa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3321&context=etd

A country in need of American instruction : The U.S. mission to shape and transform Mexico, 1848-1911

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The Secret War in Mexico: Europe, the United States, and the Mexican Revolution

Shifts in border and migration governance since the 1990s evident in the intensification of militarized policing in the Mexico–US borderlands and crystallized in the funneling of a large percentage of migrants into the treacherous geography of the “killing deserts” constitute managed forms of violence that are inextricably linked to the racialization processes of American empire. Such managed violences generated another treacherous geography, the critical and “contaminating” socio-spatial formation of Barrio Libre, a transnational 'hood incarnated by a severely marginalized population of young people and instantiated in a sewer system that ran under the border. I advance the concept of policeability to capture the daily instantiations of the managed violences of the borderlands, evident in dramatic displays of state power and in the informal managements of everyday life.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1057%2Fpalgrave.lst.8600221.pdf

Manuel Callahan

Papers

Mexican border troubles: social war, settler colonialism and the production of frontier discourses, 1848-1880