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Showing papers by "Marco Antonio Oliva published in 1989"


Journal Article
TL;DR: A eficiencia de conversao da energia solar aumentou com o sombreamento e decresceu com a ontogenia das plantas, uma vez que a razao de peso foliar nao apresentou alteracao sensivel.
Abstract: O crescimento e a conversao da energia solar em soja ( Glicyne max (L.) Merr. cv. 'UFV'-2), sob quatro niveis de radiacao solar incidente (30%, 50%, 70% e 100%), foram estudados em condicoes de campo. As colheitas de material foram realizadas em intervalos regulares de 14 dias. As taxas de crescimento da cultura decresceram com a reducao da radiacao solar, sendo as diferencas devidas a menores taxas assimilatorias liquidas e a menores indices de area foliar nas plantas sombreadas. A taxa assimilatoria liquida e a taxa de crescimento relativo declinaram tanto com a ontogenia como com a reducao da radiacao solar. A razao de area foliar aumentou com sombreamento, devido principalmente as variacoes na area foliar especifica, uma vez que a razao de peso foliar nao apresentou alteracao sensivel. A eficiencia de conversao da energia solar aumentou com o sombreamento e decresceu com a ontogenia das plantas. As eficiencias maximas de conversao da energia solar foram 1,70 1,65%, 1,91% e 2,26% para 100%, 70%, 50% e 30% da luz solar incidente. Os valores da eficiencia media de conversao da energia solar foram 0,33%, 0,48%, 0,45% e 0,59% em ordem decrescente de densidade do fluxo de luz.

18 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: Growth, dry matter production and productivity of soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merril), grown under field conditions al four light levels, showed a straight linear correlation between yield and biomass and shading extended the period of dry matter accumulation to all organs, meanly the maturation time.
Abstract: Growth, dry matter production and productivity of soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merril), grown under field conditions al four light levels (30%, 50%, 70% and 100% of sunlight) were studied. Soybean growth presented three distinct phases: initial phase, from germination to flowering, in which growth was relatively slow, intermediate phase, between flowering and beginning of seed filling, when growth was accelerated; and, phase of seed development, when growth was very slow, with tendency of reaching a plateau. Shading reduced dry matter accumulation in the whole plant and its organs. Maximum dry weight productions of the organs were reached at the 92 nd day for the leaves, at the 104 th day for the roots, independently of light levels, at the 103 rd day under half to full sunlight, and at the 108 th day after emergence at 30% and 70% of sunlight for stens. There was a ten to fifteen-day difference between maximum stem and leaf growth. The dry matter accumulated in pericarps and seeds increased strongly until to final harvest in the highest light levels and slowly in the lowest light levels. There was a straight linear correlation (R² = 0.97) between yield and biomass. Shading extended the period of dry matter accumulation to all organs, meanly the maturation time. Solar radiation reduction increased shoot/root ratio, plant lodging and flower and pod drops. The harvest index was not modified by light levels.

10 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: O deficit hidrico reduziu e o incremento da dose of N aumentou a eficiencia de conversao de energia solar, provocando maior endurecimento dessas plantas, causado pelo maior desenvolvimentos das raizes.
Abstract: Foram estudados, em casa de vegetacao, o crescimento e a conversao da energia solar em feijao ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) C.V. Negrito 897, adubado com tres doses de nitrogenio (50, 125 e 200 ppm de N) e submetido a dois regimes hidricos (Capacidade de campo e estresse hidrico ciclico de -0,03 a -1,0 MPa). O regime hidrico apresentou maior efeito no crescimento do que as doses de N, embora a dose elevada desse elemento tenha minimizado o efeito do deficit hidrico, provocando maior endurecimento dessas plantas, causado pelo maior desenvolvimento das raizes. O deficit hidrico reduziu e o incremento da dose de N aumentou a eficiencia de conversao de energia solar.

7 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: The rates of root dry matter were more affected by shading than the rates of dry matter production of the other organs in Glycine max (L.) Merr.
Abstract: Development and assimilate partitioning were studied in Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. UFV-2 under tour light levels (30, 50, 70 and 100% of sunlight) in field conditions. Irrespective of light flux densities, the maximum number of leaves and maximum height of the plants were attained at the onset of grain filling. Stem elongation increased and the number of leaves and pods were reduced by decreasing light levels. Shading altered the assimilate partitioning among parts but did not change the sequential order of the preferential sinks. The dry matter rates of each organ increased as the light flux densities increased. The rates of root dry matter were more affected by shading than the rates of dry matter production of the other organs.

5 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: As plantas sombreadas apresentaram maiores valores de resistencia estomatica que as plantas expostas a plena radiacao solar, e as condicoes microclimaticas na cultura da soja were modificadas.
Abstract: Foi estudado o efeito do sombreamento artificial sobre a resistencia estomatica e as condicoes microclimaticas na cultura da soja ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill). As telas plasticas usadas para regular o nivel de radiacao solar (30%, 50%, 70% e 100%) alteraram a qualidade da luz incidente sobre as plantas. No entanto, a temperatura e a umidade relativa do ar nao foram modificadas, embora a temperatura da copa das plantas tenha decrescido com o sombreamento. As plantas sombreadas apresentaram maiores valores de resistencia estomatica que as plantas expostas a plena radiacao solar.

2 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: Estudou-se a influencia do aluminio sobre o desenvolvimento e o teor de alguns nutrientes em soja, procurando-se determinar alguma possivel diferenca na tolerância a este cation entre as cultivares IAC-5 e Santa Rosa.
Abstract: Estudou-se a influencia do aluminio sobre o desenvolvimento e o teor de alguns nutrientes em soja ( Glycine max (L.) Merril), procurando-se determinar alguma possivel diferenca na tolerância a este cation entre as cultivares IAC-5 e Santa Rosa. Plântulas com dez dias de idade foram submetidas a 0, 4, 8, 10 e 12 ppm de Al em solucao nutritiva. Apos 35 dias de cultivo, coletou-se o sistema radicular, o caule e as folhas, para a determinacao do peso da materia seca e dos teores de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe e Al. A parte aerea de ambas as cultivares mostrou-se mais sensivel ao Al que o sistema radicular. A cultivar IAC-5 acumulou mais materia seca que a Santa Rosa no sistema radicular em relacao a parte aerea; no entanto, as duas cultivares apresentaram respostas semelhantes, ao Al. Este cation alterou significativamente a composicao mineral das plantas, reduzindo, de maneira acentuada, o teor de Ca na parte aerea, e o de P e Mg, tanto na parte aerea como no sistema radicular. Observou-se um acumulo de Al no sistema radicular; apenas uma pequena quantidade deste elemento foi translocada para a parte aerea. Os efeitos do Al foram pouco acentuados sobre o teor de K, mas evidenciaram-se sobre a distribuicao de N, que se acumulou no caule, e sobre o teor de Fe. Em presenca do Al, as duas cultivares estudadas nao apresentaram diferencas marcantes, quanto a eficiencia nutricional, e portanto nao se justifica enquadra-las em faixas distintas de tolerância.

1 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of light flux density (30, 50, 70% and 100% of sunlight) on soybean nodulation under field conditions was studied under different weather conditions.
Abstract: The effect of light flux density (30%, 50%, 70% and 100% of sunlight) on soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill cv. UFV-2) nodulation was studied under field conditions. Shade reduced the number, dry weight, growth rate of nodules, and also accelerated their senescence. Nodule number, dry weight and growth rate decayed quickly during pod filling, evidencing a competition for assimilate between seeds and nodules. Nitrogen content was shown to be related to light flux density.

1 citations