비만아 부모의 돌봄 경험: q 방법론

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a detailed literature review of the recent applications of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and analytic network process (ANP) group decision‐making methodologies.Design/methodology/approach – Among more than 600 related papers published in the period 2005‐2009, a total of 232 application articles published in highly reputed international academic journals were selected and referenced in this paper. Papers were categorized according to application areas, subject titles, publication date, country of origin, academic journals, and integrated methodologies, and are summarized herein by various tables and charts.Findings – The findings show that during the years 2005‐2009, use of the AHP technique has continued to increase exponentially. Moreover, it is expected that ANP will gain more popularity in the future, as the benefits of ANP become better understood. Applications of AHP have been dominant in manufacturing, followed by the environmental management ...

The analytic hierarchy process and analytic network process: an overview of applications

This paper is based on the combination of a Geographic Information System (GIS) and tools or multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods in order to obtain the evaluation of the optimal placement of photovoltaic solar power plants in the area of Cartagena (Region of Murcia), in southeast Spain. The combination GIS–MCDM generates an excellent analysis tool that allows for the creation of an extensive cartographic and alphanumeric database that will later be used by multi-criteria methodologies to simplify problems to solve and promote the use of multiple criteria. In GIS two types of criteria will be reflected: constraints or restrictive criteria, and weighting criteria or factors. Constraints or restrictive criteria will make it possible to reduce the area of study by discarding those areas that prevent the implementation of renewable energy plants. These criteria will be obtained from the legislation (planning regulations, protected areas, road networks, railways, waterways, mountains, etc). Weighting criteria or factors will be those which, according to the objective to be reached, influence the ability to solve a concrete alternative. The choice of such criteria is marked by the influence presented to the overall goal; in this case they will be location, geomorphological, environmental and climatic criteria. Through the use of MCDM the criteria or factors mentioned will be weighted in order to evaluate potential sites to locate a solar plant. Analysis and calculation of the weights of these factors will be conducted using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The assessment of the alternatives according to their degree of adequacy is carried out through the TOPSIS method (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution).

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods for the evaluation of solar farms locations: Case study in south-eastern Spain

Multicriteria GIS modeling of wind and solar farms in Colorado

Solar PV power plant site selection using a GIS-AHP based approach with application in Saudi Arabia

Today's environmental policies are largely devoted to fostering the development and implementation in Europe of renewable energy technologies, such as grid-connected photovoltaic solar energy, which are being actively promoted by European Union countries. This article describes an environmental decision-support system (EDSS) for selecting optimal sites for grid-connected photovoltaic power plants. This system combines multicriteria analysis and the analytic hierarchy process with geographical information systems (GIS) technology and at the same time takes into account environment, orography, location, and climate factors.

Environmental decision-support systems for evaluating the carrying capacity of land areas: Optimal site selection for grid-connected photovoltaic power plants

Evaluating the conservation state of the páramo ecosystem: An object-based image analysis and CART algorithm approach for central Ecuador.

The paramo is home to a significant proportion of global biodiversity and provides essential services for the development of life for millions of people in Ecuador. However, land use/land cover (LULC) changes threaten biodiversity and modify its functioning. The objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate the conservation status of the herbaceous paramo (HP) ecosystem by analyzing its LULC in Ecuador’s southern region. (2) to identify possible regions where the native paramo ecosystem is being restored. We analyzed Landsat 8 images using Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) and a Classifier Decision Tree (CDT) to achieve these objectives. The results show that the native herbaceous paramo (NHP) ecosystem is being transformed into an anthropogenic HP (AHP). The area covered by the NHP ecosystem (296,964 ha) has been reduced by 50% (149,834 ha). Nevertheless, we identified five regions where the NHP is upgrading. These regions are relevant for studying NHP regeneration in Ecuador’s southern region, where soils are mostly andosols. The LU of the paramo, with cycles of exploitation, abandonment, and regeneration in a secondary paramo, is transforming the NHP ecosystem. These exploitation practices, global climate change, and lack of knowledge about the NHP ecosystem’s regeneration and its soils’ recovery threaten to substantially reduce the NHP area, its functionality, and its ecosystem services.

https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/12/1922/pdf

Páramo Ecosystems in Ecuador’s Southern Region: Conservation State and Restoration

This is a retrospective review of 10 consecutive patients with intra-abdominal complications of typhoid fever requiring surgical treatment, during a four-year period at the Instituto Nacional de la Nutricion Salvador Zubiran. There were 7 males and 3 females with an average age of 33.9 years. In 80 per cent of the cases Salmonella typhi was obtained in blood and bone narrow cultures. Five cases developed terminal ileum perforations, 4 massive bleeding related to ulcerated typhoid ileitis and one patient was operated on with the preoperative diagnosis of acute abdomen during the course of severe, toxic, typhoid fever. At laparotomy, no abnormalities were found. Five patients were treated with right hemicolectomy, 3 with local resections and primary closure, and another one, with segmental terminal ileum resection and end to end anastomosis. One patient died of mixed shock and multiple organ failure. This event was secondary to partial dehiscence of the ileo-transverse anastomosis and massive bleeding. Four patients had complications; a) pneumonia, b) urinary tract infection, c) splenic abscess that required splenectomy and: d) intestinal obstruction. All patients were treated with chloramphenicol. We found a high morbidity and mortality rate of the typhoid fever complications. The surgical resection and specific antibiotic therapy are the most effective treatment, however, complications can appear during its treatment.

[The surgical complications of typhoid fever: a report of 10 cases].

Clays have become highly engaging non-conventional adsorbents due to their availability, low cost, and high effectiveness adsorbing dye. The objective of this research was to study the adsorption of a cationic dye Drimaren Yellow CL-2R and an anionic dye Basic Navy Blue 2 RN on three clays from Cochancay, Santa Clara, and Shirahuan natural Ecuadorian deposits. Clays were characterized by x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction. The ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy allowed the quantification of the dyes remaining in the solution. We studied the pH, the absorbate's contact time with the adsorbent, initial dye concentration, and clay amount effects. The effectiveness of three clays removing the cationic dye was 95-99%, and the anionic dye was 70%. The Langmuir's isothermal model fits the cationic (R2=0.998), and anionic (R2=0.977) dyes adsorption mechanism. The Shirahuan clay shows a higher cationic dye adsorption capacity (27.53 mg/g). The Cochancay clay shows a higher anionic dye adsorption capacity (5.81 mg/g). The dye adsorption kinetic follows the "pseudo-second-order" model for both dyes and suggests that the adsorption rate is proportional to the available adsorption sites' square. The results suggest that intraparticle diffusion is a major controlling adsorption step. Activated clays show six times greater adsorption capacity removing cationic dye than anionic dye from synthetic water samples.

/pdf/estudio-de-la-adsorcion-de-los-colorantes-drimaren-amarillo-122iitbi39.pdf

Marco Rodríguez

Papers

Environmental decision-support systems for evaluating the carrying capacity of land areas: Optimal site selection for grid-connected photovoltaic power plants

Evaluating the conservation state of the páramo ecosystem: An object-based image analysis and CART algorithm approach for central Ecuador.

Páramo Ecosystems in Ecuador’s Southern Region: Conservation State and Restoration

[The surgical complications of typhoid fever: a report of 10 cases].

Estudio de la adsorción de los colorantes Drimaren Amarillo CL-2R y Basic Azul Marino 2 RN en arcillas activadas