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Using Multivariate Statistics

Doing Qualitative Research

Kaizen: The key to Japan‚s competitive success

The current state of economic development and innovations’ support often brings small and medium enterprises (SMEs) at the forefront of government fiscal policy. Various policy measures targeted at SMEs’ support and development necessarily include measures on promotion of innovations within small business. However, despite substantial efforts undertaken by the authorities to increased financial injections into this area, development of innovations by small businesses faces many obstacles. Statistics on the registered small and medium enterprises shows that the sharp rise of entrepreneurship observed in the early 1990s changed for the stagnation towards the end of the decade and sluggish dynamics of the present time. Unfortunately, as practice shows, measures taken so far do not stimulate significant changes in the development of small business. Moreover, differentiation of small businesses between regions is only increasing, as it is manifested through substitution of divergence for convergence. Our paper analyzes the legal framework regulating small business development as well as state of innovations within SMEs so that to identify the main indicators Received: June, 2017 1st Revision: August, 2017 Accepted: October, 2017 DOI: 10.14254/20718330.2017/10-4/20 Journal of International Studies S ci en ti fi c P a pe rs © Foundation of International Studies, 2017 © CSR, 2017 Journal of International Studies Vol.10, No.4, 2017 260 contributing to sustainable regional economic growth.

Small and Medium Enterprises in the Context of Regional Development and Innovations

The current study investigates whether tournament incentives motivate chief executive officer(s) (CEOs) to be socially responsible. Furthermore, it explores the role of sub-national institutional contingencies [i.e., state-owned enterprises (SOE) vs. non-SOEs, foreign-owned entities (FOE) vs. non-FOEs, cross-listed vs. non-cross-listed, developed region] in CEO tournament incentives and the corporate social responsibility performance (CSRP) relationship. Data were collected from all A-shared companies listed in the stock exchanges of China from 2014 to 2019. The study uses the baseline methodology of ordinary least squares (OLS) and cluster OLS regression. Moreover, firm-fixed effects regression, two-stage least squares regression, and propensity score matching deal with the endogeneity problem and check the robustness of the results. The results provide reliable evidence that tournament incentives motivate CEOs to be more socially responsible. On the other hand, sub-national institutional contingencies positively affect the association between CEO tournament incentives and CSRP. The findings have important implications for companies and regulators who wish to enhance CSP by providing incentives to top managers.

Does Whipping Tournament Incentives Spur CSR Performance? An Empirical Evidence From Chinese Sub-national Institutional Contingencies

The article deals with the formation and development of the concept of business models. Is discussed the formation of the definitions, history of the tools business modeling development. Directions of using business models based on the needs of management at different stages of development of the company are shown. The evolution of business models is revealed. The results of research, conducted by the authors, are directed to identifying new trends in creation the business models of modern Russian and foreign companies, is presented. The attempt to predict future trends in this direction is made.

Evolution of Business Models: Past and Present Trends☆

Digitalization, intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic, presents great opportunities for economic growth and development of businesses. At the same time, it brings challenges such as new requirements for human skills. To facilitate digital transition in the corporate sector and obtain its benefits, there is high demand for people skilled in the existing digital technologies and able to adapt to changes quickly. Digital transformation demands lifelong learning and reinforces the link between education, training, and work. Educators and other professionals in the field need to adjust to being “twenty-first century educators” and to consider a range of new digital skills that will allow students to develop a variety of professional and personal abilities. To examine human skills required by digitalization, this study set out to investigate elements of an existing digital learning environment in a university based on feedback from its 2020 spring term students. The research is grounded in a social cognitive perspective of self-regulation and in recent contributions from the multidisciplinary humancomputer interaction (HCI) field. The data came from the total of 2,347 university students, was collected through an online survey, evaluated using the SPSS software, and qualitatively analyzed. The study revealed that students pinpointed three groups of problems in online learning: the process of concentration and self-regulation; the process of getting feedback from tutors and peers; and technical difficulties with staying connected. The researchers attempted to shed light on self-regulation as an essential human skill that is required for successful business and corporate development in the digitalized environment.

/pdf/digital-human-skills-form-the-corporate-economy-and-business-4w7b8l3dnr.pdf

Digital human skills form the corporate economy and business development

Purpose: This paper focuses on the authors’ contribution to modelling algorithms for key business processes, economic indicators and original mathematical model for improvement assessment. Methodology/Approach: Researching and writing the article one uses interdisciplinary knowledge (technological production processes were considered in unity with economic principles of their construction and management), a combination of technical and technological approach, formal logic and mathematical economic modelling. For justifying the scope of model parameters, it is used field research (enterprises survey) and method of expert evaluation. Findings: The research has showed the integration of theory of constraints, and lean manufacturing is possible and expedient. The observations of the model’s integral values and their dynamic patterns allow for important insights about positive or negative trends in production system development taken as a whole. The model enables to reveal the trends for particular items and draw the top teams’ attention to problem areas. They will be subject to further decomposing and improvement. Research Limitation/implication: The model can be treated as cross-functional. But as every enterprise has its unique production environment, it can be exposed to further adjustment to individual enterprise specific conditions. Originality/Value of paper: The indicators and mathematical model for improvement assessment proposed by authors develop and complement the existing system of knowledge about production management and can be used as a practical tool for control of the continuous improvement process in company.

https://www.qip-journal.eu/index.php/QIP/article/download/576/616

Production Systems Continuous Improvement Modelling

A solution is presented to the task of voltage regulation in distributing electric grids in the situation of the contrariety of interests between power consumers, grid companies and grid generation. A system of decentralized voltage regulation of multi-agent type is offered, providing compromise voltage in power grids with the use of universal rules of behavior by every regulator with obligatory control of the mode in the adjusting area of the grid.

Technological basis for compromise of interests at voltage regulation in electric grids

Innovative cluster initiatives are considered to be worldwide as one of the key instruments of economic growth and the index of global competitiveness. In the early 2000s, clusters started to evolve in Russia, but they haven’t been institutionally adopted, consequently that has the worst impact on the country's development and reduces their effect on the economic growth. The need in summarizing and systemizing of national and international experience has obviously arisen in order to build up innovative economics in Russian regions and to increase the economic-makers activity rate. The basic factors of the efficient economic development of innovative territorial clusters in Russian regions (for e.g., Novosibirsk Oblast) are dealt with in the article.

Marina V. Khayrullina

Papers

Evolution of Business Models: Past and Present Trends☆

Digital human skills form the corporate economy and business development

Production Systems Continuous Improvement Modelling

Technological basis for compromise of interests at voltage regulation in electric grids

Innovative Territorial Clusters as Instruments of Russian Regions Development in Global Economy