https://cws.journals.yorku.ca/index.php/cws/article/download/14795/13847

Men and Women of the Corporation

Wisdom Sits in Places: Landscape and Language among the Western Apache.Keith H. Basso. Albuquerque University of New Mexico Press, 1996. 171 pp.

Wisdom Sits in Places: Landscape and Language among the Western Apache.

사회사업 조사연구는 복잡하고 다양한 인간의 욕구와 문제들을 해결하고 예측하기 위하여 과학적 방법론을 적극 활용하여 왔다. 과학적 방법론은 인간행동의 기준을 설정하고 결과를 제시하는데 객관성을 제공한다는 이유로 선호되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 과학적 방법론을 사회사업실천영역에서 사용하는데 있어서 간과해서 안 될 점은 클라이언트를 중심에 놓고 조사연구를 실행할 수 있어야 한다는 것이다. 즉, 개입을 계량화하는데 초점을 두지 않고 클라이언트를 중심에 두고 역량 강화할 수 있는 방법이 필요한 것이다.
이러한 맥락에서 본 연구는 사회사업 본연의 가치인 클라이언트 중심의 조사연구 접근과 이론과 실천의 간극을 메우는 하나의 교량으로서 실행연구(AR: action research)와 참여적 실행연구(PAR: participatory action research)의 개념과 과정을 소개하고 한국 사회사업실천에의 적용가능성을 모색하였다.
AR과 PAR의 개념과 역사, 실행과정을 분석하고 사회사업실천에의 필요성과 적용점을 분석해본 결과, 필요성에 있어서는 실천현장에서의 적용용이성, 지역사회기반의 일반주의 실천접근과의 적합성, 조사연구와 실천의 통합, AR기술의 실천기술로서의 활용성 등으로 나타났다. 적용상의 이점으로는 클라이언트 문제와 욕구에 대한 보다 깊은 이해, 다각적인 맥락에 의거한 해결방법 모색, 조사자 곧 실천가 자신의 반성과 성장, 임파워먼트 실행의 촉매제로서의 기능, 조사연구의 확대가능성, 지역사회기반의 조사연구 확대, 효과적인 사회복지 조직관리에 있어서의 적용 등인 것으로 나타났다. 
마지막으로 한국 현장에 AR을 도입하기 위해서 유의할 점으로 조사연구자로서의 실천가의 역량강화, 공동협력연구의 필요, 현장과 실천중심 연구를 강조하는 인센티브 제공, 구체적인 액션리서치의 한국형 모델 구축 등 4개의 과제를 제언하였다.

사회사업에서의 Participatory Action Research(PAR)와 Action Research(AR) 모델 적용 필요성에 관한 연구

Behind closed doors.

Purpose – Knowledge is the currency of the current economy, a vital organisational asset and a key to creating a sustainable competitive advantage. The consequent interest in knowledge management (KM) has spurred an exponential increase in publications covering a broad spectrum of diverse and overlapping research areas. The purpose of this paper is to provide a literature review and categorised analysis of the rapidly growing number of KM publications, and offer a comprehensive reference for new-comers embarking on research in the field with a particular focus on the area of knowledge measurement. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 350 articles published in peer-reviewed journals over the last decade are carefully reviewed, analysed and categorised according to their specific subject matter in the KM context. Findings – KM research tends to fall in one of five categories: Ontology of Knowledge and KM, Knowledge Management Systems, Role of Information Technology, Managerial and Social issues, and Kno...

/pdf/knowledge-management-and-measurement-a-critical-review-py38l7nhpq.pdf

Knowledge management and measurement: a critical review

Equal accessibility to public places and services is now required by law in many countries. In the case of the vision-impaired, it is often the use of specialised technology which can provide them with a fuller enjoyment of all the facilities of society from large scale meetings and public entertainments to the more personal level of reading a book or making music. In this volume the engineering and design principles and techniques used in assistive technology for blind and vision-impaired people are explained. Features: instruction in the physiology of the human visual system and methods of measuring visual ability; explanation of many devices designed for every-day living in terms of generic electrical engineering principles; sections of practical projects and investigations which will give the reader ideas for student work and for self teaching; contributions by authors of international repute from divers fields which co-operate under the banner of assistive technology, among them: artificial vision systems; psychology, haptics, electrical engineering, design and visual physiology. Assistive Technology for Vision-impaired and Blind Peopleis an an effective means of maintaining the currency of knowledge for engineers and health workers working to provide devices and/or services for people with sight loss and an excellent source of reference for students working in assistive technology and rehabilitation.

Assistive Technology for Visually Impaired and Blind People

This paper discusses issues related to communication, independence, and isolation for an understudied group of deaf people who also have visual impairments. The discussion is based on the experiences of 28 deafblind people in 6 different countries, obtained from interviews that were carried out as part of a larger research project on travel issues. However, the similarities in experiences between countries were stronger than the differences. In particular, barriers to communication and inadequate support, with resulting problems of isolation and depression, were found in all the countries. Equally, deafblind people in all the countries were interested in being involved in and contributing to society and supporting other people, particularly through organizations of blind and deafblind people. This runs counter to the tendency to present deafblind and other disabled people purely as recipients of support rather than also as active participants in society. However, there were some differences in the support available in the different countries.

Deafblind People, Communication, Independence, and Isolation

Whistleblowers - Heroes or Traitors? Individual and Collective Responsibility for Ethical Behaviour

There has been increasing recognition of the importance and benefits to society of social inclusion and the full participation of disabled people. Many countries have also enacted legislation aimed at removing discrimination against disabled people. Removing barriers to full participation by disabled people will require the development of new assistive technology systems and improved information and distribution systems for existing assistive technologies.

This will require an effective and ongoing dialogue between the disabled end-user community, social services, the clinical rehabilitation services, and the professional engineering disciplines involved in the development, provision, assessment, and ongoing support for assistive technology. To support this dialogue there is a need for common terminology, concepts, and definitions, embedded within a single, unified model framework. This paper presents the Comprehensive Assistive Technology (CAT) model, which was designed to meet this need.

/pdf/on-modelling-assistive-technology-systems-part-i-modelling-4ai188txtf.pdf

On modelling assistive technology systems - Part I: Modelling framework

Sustainable decision making stands for decision making which contributes to the transition to a sustainable society. It raises a number of challenging problems for which existing decision support systems (DSS) may not be equipped. The role of DSS in sustainable decision making is considered. The different models of decision making and their appropriateness in sustainable decision making are discussed. Examples from the areas of water resources and energy planning and management are presented to illustrate some of the issues in sustainable decision making and the role of DSS. Conclusions include a suggested research program for further development of models of decision making and the development of DSS for use in sustainable decision making.

Marion Hersh

Papers

Assistive Technology for Visually Impaired and Blind People

Deafblind People, Communication, Independence, and Isolation

Whistleblowers - Heroes or Traitors? Individual and Collective Responsibility for Ethical Behaviour

On modelling assistive technology systems - Part I: Modelling framework

Sustainable decision making: the role of decision support systems