Investigou-se a prevalencia de leptospirose em caes da cidade de Campina Grande, PB, e realizou-se um estudo de fatores de risco para a infeccao. Foram examinadas 285 amostras de soro sanguineo de caes colhidas durante a campanha de vacinacao anti-rabica animal, conduzida em setembro de 2003. O diagnostico da leptospirose foi realizado pela tecnica de soroaglutinacao microscopica, utilizando-se uma colecao de 22 sorovares. Para a caracterizacao do sorovar mais provavel, levou-se em conta a titulacao e a frequencia. A prevalencia encontrada foi de 21,4% (IC 95% = 16,8%-26,6%), com maior frequencia dos sorovares autumnalis (7,4%), copenhageni (6%) e canicola (2,1%). A analise de regressao logistica multivariada mostrou que os fatores de risco para a leptospirose foram: idade superior a um ano (odds ratio = 3,00; P = 0,006), raca nao definida (odds ratio = 4,02; P = 0,011) e ocorrencia de enchentes (odds ratio = 2,32; P = 0,039).

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Soroprevalência e fatores de risco para a leptospirose em cães de Campina Grande, Paraíba

This work aimed to evaluate the zoonotic potential of the canine population in the City of Santana de Parnaiba, State of Sao Paulo, related to leptospirosis. This study was held during the 1999 rabies vaccination campaign, when 410 serum samples were collected and a questionnaire was applied to the dogs’ owners to describe an epidemiologic profile of this population and conduce the statistical analysis, to assess the risk factors. The diagnostic method run for leptospiroses was the microtechnique of microscopic agglutination using a batch of 22 leptospiral serovars. The results obtained indicated 15% positive serum samples and the most frequent reactant serovars were copenhageni (24%), canicola (16%) and hardjo (16%). The statistical analysis of the questionnaire showed significant correlation between animal age and positive serum samples for leptospirosis.

Inquérito sorológico para leptospirose em cães do município de santana de parnaíba, são paulo, utilizando a campanha de vacinação anti-rábica do ano de 1999

Prevalence of anti-Leptospira interrogans agglutinins in dogs captured by the Zoonosis Control Center, in nine administrative districts of Belo Horizonte city, throughout the year, was evaluated. The areas with positive prevalence were correlated to the areas of environmental sanitation, using sources of georeference. Blood samples from 3,417 dogs captured, were submitted to microscopic agglutination test from September 2001 to September 2002, showed 13.1% of seropositivity. The most reactive serovars were Canicola, Ballum, Pyrogenes and Icterohaemorrhagiae. High prevalences were observed at Center-Southern - 22.5%, Eastern - 19.1% and Northeastern - 13.2% districts. Pampulha district got 8.2% of prevalence, the lowest percentage of positive reactions. High number of dog infection was observed during December, 2001 and January, 2002, characterized as rainy period and high environmental temperature. Villages, slums and suburbs with environmental sanitation deficiency are areas of high risk.

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Prevalência de aglutininas anti-Leptospira interrogans em cães de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 2001 a 2002

INTRODUCTION:This study aimed to verify the occurrence of the principal Leptospira spp. serovars in domestic dogs and humans, notified in 2008, and the main risk factors in a geographic approach to the disease in the City of Uberlândia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: Canine blood serum samples (n=268) from different districts, belonging to the Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western and Central Sanitary Districts of Uberlandia, were collected during an animal vaccination campaign against rabies, in August 2008. A geographic approach to the city was conducted, including evaluation of locations in peripheral areas, waste landfills, garbage collection, rodent notification, human leptospirosis cases and overflow flood areas, during 2008. Leptospirosis was diagnosed using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), the gold standard for animal and human leptospirosis diagnosis. RESULTS: Dogs mainly reacted to Autumnalis (34.2%) and Tarassovi (23.7%) serovars, while in humans, predominance of Tarassovi serovars occurred in the cases registered. The occurrence of these serovars could be related to an infection source common to both species, or dogs could be the infection source for humans. The Eastern Sanitary District showed a greater number of reactive dogs. CONCLUSIONS: Leptospirosis occurred in dogs and humans of the City of Uberlandia in 2008. This often neglected disease must be prevented because represents a public health risk and resembles other endemic illness like dengue.

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Predominant Leptospira spp. serovars in serological diagnosis of canines and humans in the City of Uberlândia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

A leptospirose e uma zoonose reemergente associada ao convivio proximo entre o cao e o homem. E importante determinar se os fatores de risco da leptospirose canina sao semelhantes aos do homem, ou sao variaveis exclusivas ao habito e manejo da especie. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram identificar variaveis individuais e ambientais, associadas a maior frequencia de caes soropositivos para leptospira, atendidos no Hospital Veterinario da Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Foram estudados 160 caes de ambos os sexos e nao vacinados contra leptospirose, entre marco de 1997 e abril de 1998. Todos os animais foram submetidos a prova de aglutinacao microscopica e ao exame direto da urina. Para cada um deles foi utilizado um questionario epidemiologico que procurou investigar variaveis que poderiam estar associadas a essa infeccao. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos ao teste c2. Foram detectados titulos de anticorpos ³100 em 40 caes, sendo em maior frequencia contra o sorovar pyrogenes (45,00%) e 24 animais foram positivos no exame direto da urina. A analise das variaveis apontou como fator de risco para a leptospirose canina,o habito de cacar roedor (OR=4,22; 1,89£IC95%£9,50), a presenca de areas alagadicas proximas as residencias (OR=2,86; 1,32£IC95%£6,22) e o acesso a rua (OR=2,57; 1,19£IC95%£5,59). Os resultados servem como alerta em relacao a possibilidade de exposicao humana a alguns fatores de risco para a leptospirose a que estao expostos estes caes.

Fatores de risco associados à leptospirose em cães do município de Londrina-PR

During the year of 1995 we examined 425 serum samples from dogs in the area of influence of the Center for Zoonosis Control, performing the microscopic agglutination test for diagnosis of leptospirosis. Of these, 148 (34.8%) gave positive reactions with titers equal or higher than 1:100, for the following serovars: L. canicola (58.1%), L. icterohaemorrhagiae (20.9%), L. copenhageni (11.4%), L. grippotiphosa and L. castellonis (2.7%) L. andamana and L. autumnalis and L. pyrogenes with (1.4%). The prevalence of infection was higher in March, August, September, October and November, which coincided, with the higher temperatures and pluvial precipitation observed the month before the outbreaks. This observation stress the importance of these two factors for the survival of leptospira in the environment.

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Maristela Mariano Teixeira

Papers

Aglutininas anti-leptospíricas em cães na área de influência do centro de controle de zoonoses, Pelotas, RS, Brasil, no ano de 1995