European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015

https://nrr.org/wp-content/uploads/0000/10/07_ERC_Guidelines_2005_Section7.pdf

European Resuscitation Council guidelines for resuscitation 2005. Section 7. Cardiac arrest in special circumstances.

/pdf/european-resuscitation-council-erc-guidelines-for-1vuo3ljag0.pdf

European Resuscitation Council (ERC) Guidelines for Resuscitation 2005

What is osteoarthritis and glucosamine? 
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis that can affect the hands, hips, shoulders and knees. In OA, the cartilage that protects the ends of the bones breaks down and causes pain and swelling. Drug and non-drug treatments are used to relieve pain and/or swelling.
Glucosamine can be found naturally in the body and is used by the body as one of the building blocks of cartilage.  Glucosamine can also be taken as a pill as a supplement to the diet, or sometimes as an injection.  It can come in combination with other supplements (such as chondroitin), or by itself in the form of glucosamine hydrochloride or sulphate.  The usual dose recommended on packages is 1500 mg per day or 500 mg three times a day.
In Europe, glucosamine is prescribed by health care providers.  But in North America, people can buy glucosamine supplements without a prescription.  This means that, in North America, glucosamine is not regulated and the pills may or may not truly contain the amount described on the label. 
Best estimate of what happens after about 6 months
Pain: The high quality studies showed that pain improved about the same whether people took glucosamine or fake pills. If all of the studies are examined (including low quality and old studies), then glucosamine improved pain more than fake pills.
People who took fake pills had a pain score of 7 points on a 0 to 100 scale. Pain may improve by 10 more points with glucosamine than with fake pills. 
Studies testing only the Rotta brand of glucosamine (including low quality and older studies) showed that glucosamine improved pain more than fake pills. People who took fake pills had a pain score of 6 points on a 0 to 20 scale. People who took the Rotta brand of glucosamine rated their pain 3 points lower than people who did not take glucosamine.
Function: The high quality studies show that glucosamine improved function more than fake pills when measured by one type of scale, but improved the same amount as fake pills when measured by another scale.
Studies testing only the Rotta brand of glucosamine (including low quality and older studies) showed that glucosamine improved function more than fake pills. People who took fake pills had a function score of 22 points on a 0 to 68 scale. People who took the Rotta brand of glucosamine had their ability to function improve by 2 points compared to people who did not take glucosamine.
There was no difference in the number of people who had side effects.  Side effects mainly included stomach upset and other joint pain.

Glucosamine therapy for treating osteoarthritis.

https://genoplivning.dk/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/european-resuscitation-council-guidelines-for-resuscitation-2010-section-10-the-ethics-of-resuscitation-and-end-of-life-decisions.pdf

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010 Section 10. The ethics of resuscitation and end-of-life decisions

Background With increasing use of glucosamine-containing supplements for the treatment of osteoarthritis, there is increasing concern in the medical community about possible toxic effects. The present study was undertaken to determine whether glucosamine supplementation altered hemoglobin A 1c concentrations in patients with well-controlled diabetes mellitus. Objective To evaluate possible effects of glucosamine supplementation on glycemic control in a selected population of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Design Placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial. Setting Outpatient, diabetes monitoring clinic. Patients Patients were typically elderly patients, evenly divided between men and women. Most of the patients were being treated with 1 or 2 drugs for glycemic control. Intervention In daily doses for 90 days, patients received either placebo or a combination of 1500 mg of glucosamine hydrochloride with 1200 mg of chondroitin sulfate (Cosamin DS; Nutramax Laboratories Inc, Edgewood, Md). Main Outcome Measure Hemoglobin A 1c levels before and after 90 days of therapy. Results There were 4 withdrawals from the glucosamine-treated group. Three were related to comorbidities (myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and atrial fibrillation) and 1 to a possible adverse reaction (excessive flatus). No other patient reported any adverse effects of glucosamine therapy, and no patient had any change in their diabetes management. Mean hemoglobin A 1c concentrations were not significantly different between groups prior to glucosamine therapy. Posttreatment hemoglobin A 1c concentrations were not significantly different between groups, nor were there any significant differences within groups before and after treatment. Conclusion This study demonstrates that oral glucosamine supplementation does not result in clinically significant alterations in glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/articlepdf/215813/ioi20469.pdf

The effect of glucosamine-chondroitin supplementation on glycosylated hemoglobin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial.

Background Performance of procedures on the recently dead for physician training is controversial. It has been suggested that permission be obtained. We investigated whether patients and family members would grant such permission or if even this request might anger the recently bereaved. Methods Physicians administered identical surveys to adult emergency department patients and family members in Brooklyn and Oslo to determine their willingness to consent for teaching of specific invasive techniques in the event of their own death or that of a family member. Demographic factors and location (culture) were assessed for effects. Results Willingness to consent was directly related to age of decedent and inversely related to perceived invasiveness of the procedure at both sites. In every scenario, respondents in Brooklyn were much less willing to grant permission (2- to 2.5-fold) than were those in Oslo. In Oslo, respondents were more willing to consent for their own bodies to be used as training tools than that of a relative. In Brooklyn, 48.5% would be angry if approached for permission compared with only 8.4% in Oslo (P Conclusions Asking for permission to perform procedures on the recently deceased for physician training purposes may often anger the bereaved. The emotional response to the consent request may be culturally determined. Increased willingness of individuals to permit the use of their bodies in the immediate postmortem period suggests that a preauthorization program similar to organ donor cards might be acceptable, successful, and ethical.

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/articlepdf/486344/ioi30962.pdf

Performing procedures on the newly deceased for teaching purposes: what if we were to ask?

Results: Willingness to consent was directly related to age of decedent and inversely related to perceived invasiveness of the procedure at both sites. In every scenario, respondents in Brooklyn were much less willing to grant permission (2to 2.5-fold) than were those in Oslo. In Oslo, respondents were more willing to consent for their own bodies to be used as training tools than that of a relative. In Brooklyn, 48.5% would be angry if approached for permission compared with only 8.4% in Oslo (P .001).

http://lib.ajaums.ac.ir/booklist/archives%20of%20neurology_10%20Jan-1_7.pdf

Mark Harris

Papers

The effect of glucosamine-chondroitin supplementation on glycosylated hemoglobin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial.

Performing procedures on the newly deceased for teaching purposes: what if we were to ask?

Performing Procedures on the Newly Deceased for Teaching Purposes

Distal fusion in Duchenne scoliosis: the relevance of preoperative pelvic obliquity. A case series study.

Distal level in scoliosis surgery for non-ambulatory patients with cerebral palsy: is L5 an option? A case series study.