Showing papers by "Martin Lames published in 2012"

Game interruptions in elite soccer

Abstract: The objectives of the study were to analyse game interruptions of league soccer in detail and the tactical use of game interruptions. Sixteen matches of a German first league soccer team were observed. An observational system was designed to assess interruption types, score, duration of interruption, location of interruption, time of interruption and number of occurrences. Results showed that there is an average of 108 interruptions per match. Throw-ins (40) and free kicks (33) were most frequent. Goal kicks (17), corner kicks (10), substitutions (4), and kick offs (3) occurred less often. Drop balls, penalties, and injuries occurred least often. For 38% of the total match time observed, matches were halted. The mean duration of running and interrupted match parts were 32.1 s and 18.7 s, respectively. The analysis showed significant differences concerning the influence of the location of interruption, score, and time of interruption on the duration of different interruption types (P < 0.05). The ...

Influences on frequency and duration of game stoppages during soccer

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to analyse game stoppages in male and female league and knock-out matches in order to gain information about possible influences on the frequency and duration of st...

Concepts and Methods for Strategy Building and Tactical Adherence: A Case Study in Football

Abstract: This investigation looked at the on-field strategic planning of a professional German soccer club, how the strategic plans were adhered to in competition and how they were adjusted following matches. The methods presented in this article combine qualitative and quantitative techniques and are central to being able to assess objectively strategic plans and playing tactics. The coaching philosophy is a main contributor to the strategic plans, aspects of the match which were directly related to the coaching philosophy were less susceptible to change throughout the season. Additionally, adherence to strategic plans increased as the season progressed and was higher for home matches compared to away. The methods presented in this article have led to a new model of strategic planning, assessment of the quality of strategic plans put in place and the team's adherence to those strategies so that plans for upcoming matches can be optimised. The methods presented and the model for strategic planning and assessment c...

A Model for Visualizing Difficulty in Golf and Subsequent Performance Rankings on the PGA Tour

Abstract: Conventional performance indicators used in golf tend to rely on classifications of shots based on the distance to the hole. Consequently, these indicators ignore the unique factors which make up the difficulty of each shot. The aim of the project was to develop new performance indicators which are independent from the other shots played on a hole as well as a visualization of unique areas on a hole. Using the ISOPAR method a representative performance of the field is calculated at each hole. This allows visualizing difficult areas with respect to the field’s performance and new performance indicators which are independent of preceding shots. We looked at the ShotLink database for all tournaments measured in 2011 and compared the rankings of the PGA Tour to rankings generated using the ISOPAR method. We argue that the players who do well in the ISOPAR based rankings tend to be players who are subjectively and popularly known to be good performers for the respective shot types. The theoretical background a...