Technology and the Economy—the Key Relationships

On Zagreb indices, Zagreb polynomials of some nanostar dendrimers

The National Science Board’s Science and Engineering Indicators 2012 provide insight into how crucial decisions on research and development (R&D) funding may affect our nation’s ability to thrive in an increasingly competitive and knowledge-driven global economy. An increasing number of indicators— from trade balances in pharmaceuticals and shares of global pharmaceutical-industry output to higher education—show that expanded investment and policies designed to enhance their life science industry have enabled several countries’ life sciences industries to become competitive with that of the United States. These indicators, in conjunction with a recent report, Leadership in Decline: Assessing U.S. International Competitiveness in Biomedical Research, provide a clear picture: the competitive position of the U.S. life sciences industry has been eroding over the past decade.

국제화 시대의 산업경쟁력 ( Global Competitiveness )

A massive of early drug tests implies that there exist strong inner relationships between the bio-medical and pharmacology characteristics of drugs and their molecular structures. The forgotten topological index was defined to be used in the analysis of drug molecular structures, which is quite helpful for pharmaceutical and medical scientists to grasp the biological and chemical characteristics of new drugs. Such tricks are popularly employed in developing countries where enough money is lacked to afford the relevant chemical reagents and equipment. In our article, by means of drug molecular structure analysis and edge dividing technology, we present the forgotten topological index of several widely used chemical structures which often appear in drug molecular graphs.

Forgotten topological index of chemical structure in drugs.

Marketing management and strategy

On topological indices of fullerenes

A numerical quantity that characterizes the whole structure of a graph is called a topological index. The concept of Randic (Rα), atom−bond connectivity (ABC), and geometric−arithmetic (GA) topolog...

On topological indices of a carbon nanotube network

In this paper, the following research problem was addressed: Is DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method a suitable alternative to Altman model in predicting the risk of bankruptcy? Based on the above-mentioned research problem, we formulated the aim of the paper: To apply DEA method for predicting the risk of bankruptcy and to compare its results with the results of Altman model. The research problem and the aim of the paper follow the research of authors aimed at the application of methods which are appropriate for measuring business financial health, performance and competitiveness as well as for predicting the risk of bankruptcy. To address the problem, the following methods were applied: financial ratios, Altman model for private non-manufacturing firms and DEA method. When applying DEA method, we formulated input-oriented DEA CCR model. We found that DEA method is an appropriate alternative to Altman model in predicting the risk of possible business bankruptcy. The important conclusion is that DEA allows us to apply not only outputs but also inputs. Since prediction models do not include these indicators, DEA method appears to be the right choice. We recommend, especially for Slovak companies, to apply cost ratio when calculating risk of bankruptcy.

https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9091/6/4/117/pdf

Risk of Bankruptcy, Its Determinants and Models

The paper deals with methods of predicting bankruptcy of a business with the aim of choosing a prediction method which will have exact results. Existing bankruptcy prediction models are a suitable tool for predicting the financial difficulties of businesses. However, such tools are based on strictly defined financial indicators. Therefore, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method has been applied, as it allows for the free choice of financial indicators. The research sample consisted of 343 businesses active in the heating industry in Slovakia. Analysed businesses have a significant relatively stable position in the given industry. The research was based on several studies which also used the DEA method to predict future financial difficulties and bankruptcies of studied businesses. The estimation accuracy of the Additive DEA model (ADD model) was compared with the Logit model to determine the reliability of the DEA method. Also, an optimal cut-off point for the ADD model and Logit model was determined. The main conclusion is that the DEA method is a suitable alternative for predicting the failure of the analysed sample of businesses. In contrast to the Logit model, its results are independent of any assumptions. The paper identified the key indicators of the future success of businesses in the analysed sample. These results can help businesses to improve their financial health and competitiveness.

https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/13/9/212/pdf

Bankruptcy Prediction with the Use of Data Envelopment Analysis: An Empirical Study of Slovak Businesses

This paper focuses on business financial health evaluation with the use of selected mathematical and statistical methods. The issue of financial health assessment and prediction of business failure is a widely discussed topic across various industries in Slovakia and abroad. The aim of this paper was to formulate a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model and to verify the estimation accuracy of this model in comparison with the logit model. The research was carried out on a sample of companies operating in the field of heat supply in Slovakia. For this sample of businesses, we selected appropriate financial indicators as determinants of bankruptcy. The indicators were selected using related empirical studies, a univariate logit model, and a correlation matrix. In this paper, we applied two main models: the BCC DEA model, processed in DEAFrontier software; and the logit model, processed in Statistica software. We compared the estimation accuracy of the constructed models using error type I and error type II. The main conclusion of the paper is that the DEA method is a suitable alternative in assessing the financial health of businesses from the analyzed sample. In contrast to the logit model, the results of this method are independent of any assumptions.

Martina Mokrišová

Papers

On topological indices of fullerenes

On topological indices of a carbon nanotube network

Risk of Bankruptcy, Its Determinants and Models

Bankruptcy Prediction with the Use of Data Envelopment Analysis: An Empirical Study of Slovak Businesses

Comparison of the Results of a Data Envelopment Analysis Model and Logit Model in Assessing Business Financial Health