https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2019/NP/C8NP00092A

Marine natural products.

Carcinogen-mediated oxidant formation and oxidative DNA damage

Chemosystematics is a common tool in systematics and taxonomy of extant plants. Terpenoids have been found to be especially valuable for chemosystematic investigations of conifers. A review of data in the extensive literature revealed some characteristic distribution patterns of sesqui-, di-, and triterpenoids in extant conifer families. The numerous terpenoids can be assigned to approximately 40 sesquiterpenoid, 17 diterpenoid, and only a few triterpenoid structural classes. Some of these terpenoid classes (e.g., cadinanes, humulanes, labdanes, pimaranes) are unspecific and distributed among all conifers. Other structural classes occur in certain clusters of families (e.g., totaranes in Podocarpaceae, Taxodiaceae, and Cupressaceae s.str.) or were restricted to species of only one conifer family (e.g., cuparanes in Cupressaceae s.str.).

https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/4354389.pdf

Sesqui-, di-, and triterpenoids as chemosystematic markers in extant conifers—A review

Stevia rebaudiana is a member of the Compositae, native to Paraguay. It produces a number of high-potency low-calorie sweeteners in its leaf tissue. The sweeteners are diterpene glycosides and range between 30 and 320 times sweeter than sugar. Increasing consumer interest in natural food ingredients means that products like stevia sweeteners will be subject to increasing demand. Such demand will need to be supported by a modern mechanised production system. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing agricultural, chemical and biochemical literature to provide a baseline for new research. Key words: Stevia, diterpene, steviol glycoside, sweeteners

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Stevia rebaudiana: its agricultural, biological, and chemical properties

Antitumor sterols from the mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis.

Dulcosides A and B, new diterpene glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana

Pregnenolone (1), coniferylferulate (2) and nine monoand dihydroxyphthalide derivatives (5-13) were isolated from the commercial C. officinale rhizome. Their structures were determined from the spectroscopic data and the dihydroxyphthalides senkyunolide-H (11) and -1 (12) and senkyunolide-J (13) were synthesized from the major components ligustilide (14) and senkyunolideA (16), respectively. These oxygenated phthalides were absent in the fresh C. officinale rhizome and they were shown to be derived from the major volatile phthalides during storage of the crude drug . Coniferylferulate (2) also decomposes partly during storage, giving ferulic acid.

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Studies on the Constituents of Umbelliferae Plants. XV. Constituents of Cnidium officinale : Occurrence of Pregnenolone, Coniferylferulate and Hydroxyphthalides

The lipid extract of the soft coral, Sarcophyton glaucum, was found to contain significant amounts of cembrane-type diterpenes. The structures of four major components, sarcophytol-A, sarcophytol-A acetate, sarcophytol-B, and sarcophytonin-A were characterized on the basis of spectral data and degradative studies by ozonolysis. Sarcophine and 16-deoxosarcophine, which were reported to be abundant in S. glaucum collected in the Red Sea, were not found yet.

Marine Terpenes and Terpenoids. I. Structures of Four Cembrane-type Diterpenes : SarCophytol-A, Sarcophytol-A Acetate Sarcophytol-B, and Sarcophytonin-A, from the Soft Coral, Sarcophyton glaucum

Three new ligustilide derivatives (3-5) were isolated from the crude drug toki, the dried roots of the Umbelliferae plant Angelica acutiloba, together with a known ligustilide dimer, levistolide A (2), and four known oxygenated ligustilide derivatives, senkyunolide E (6), senkyunolide F (7), senkyunolide H (8) and senkyunolide I (9). Compound 3 was shown to be the angeloyl ester of 7. Compounds 4 and 5, designated tokinolide A and tokinolide B, are dimeric ligustilide derivatives with Diels-Alder-type (5) and cyclobutane-type (4) cyclization systems, respectively. The occurrence of compounds 2 to 9 in a fresh A. acutiloba sample was confirmed.

/pdf/studies-on-the-constituents-of-umbelliferae-plants-xvi-44f0vr67yy.pdf

Studies on the constituents of Umbelliferae plants. XVI. Isolation and structures of three new ligustilide derivatives from Angelica acutiloba.

Ten 3-oxo-4, 6, 8(14)-triunsaturated steroids with cholestane (1, 2), ergostane (3, 4, 5, 7) and stigmastane skeletons(6, 8, 9, 10), were isolated from a sponge, Dysidea herbacea, collected off the coast of the Lakshadweep Islands, Indian Ocean. Of these, 7 to 10 were obtained as C-24 epimeric mixtures. Compound 2 had previously been reported form a sponge, Dictyonella insica. The hydroperoxide 10 was shown to be an artefact formed from the 24-ethylidene derivative 6 during storage. The structures of 1 to 10 were derived from spectroscopic evidence.

Masaru Kobayashi

Papers

Dulcosides A and B, new diterpene glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana

Studies on the Constituents of Umbelliferae Plants. XV. Constituents of Cnidium officinale : Occurrence of Pregnenolone, Coniferylferulate and Hydroxyphthalides

Marine Terpenes and Terpenoids. I. Structures of Four Cembrane-type Diterpenes : SarCophytol-A, Sarcophytol-A Acetate Sarcophytol-B, and Sarcophytonin-A, from the Soft Coral, Sarcophyton glaucum

Studies on the constituents of Umbelliferae plants. XVI. Isolation and structures of three new ligustilide derivatives from Angelica acutiloba.

Marine Sterols. XXII. Occurrence of 3-Oxo-4,6,8(14)-triunsaturated Steroids in the Sponge Dvsidea herbacea