The disclosure relates to devices and methods for implantation of an orthopedic device between skeletal segments using limited surgical dissection. The implanted devices are used to adjust and maintain the spatial relationship(s) of adjacent bones. Depending on the implant design, the motion between the skeletal segments may be increased, limited, modified, or completely immobilized.

Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement

A spark plug for an automotive internal combustion engine providing improved ignition even when carbon is deposited on the insulator of the plug. A rich fuel-air ratio causes carbon to be deposited on spark plug insulators, thereby decreasing its effective insulation. By limiting the geometrical dimension of the plug's center electrode, ground electrode, and insulator the problem of carbon build-up is overcome. The sizes of these elements have certain allowable ranges that enhance the igniting effect of the plug.

Spark plug for internal combustion engine

Novel designs for printed circuit board transformers, and in particular for coreless printed circuit board transformers designed for operation in power transfer applications, are disclosed in which shielding is provided by a combination of ferrite plates and thin copper sheets.

Planar printed-circuit-board transformers with effective electromagnetic interference (emi) shielding

An Electromagnetic Ignition system suitable for adaptation to standard automobile engines including diesel engines, which has been improved by means of a high efficiency RF capacitive spark plug with a projecting antenna tip used for forming very large spark gaps to the plug shell and piston face as well as for coupling high electric fields to the local initial flame plasma, preferably used in combination with shielded high voltage cable including series inductive choke elements and a Capacitive Discharge ignition system incorporating an input capacitor, a SCR switch, an ignition coil with an optimized high current and high output voltage, and preferably a synchronous DC-DC power converter providing "boost power" during ignition so that substantial capacitive, inductive, and electromagnetic energy is supplied to the air-fuel mixture. Preferably the coil has a turns ratio of 50 with the input capacitor having a capacitance between 5 and 10 microfarads and a 400 volts rating. Large output capacitance is provided naturally by existing coil and shielded cable capacitance, supplemented with large plug capacitance of 50 to 250 picofarads, which are charged up to between 15 and 30 Kilovolts prior to breakdown of the wide variable spark gap producing: high frequency capacitive sparks, large inductive spark of several amps; and high pulsed local EM electric field strength of thousands of volts/cm providing a practical, highly efficient ignition system capable of igniting very lean air-fuel mixtures for reducing exhaust emissions and increased engine efficiency.

Electromagnetic ignition--an ignition system producing a large size and intense capacitive and inductive spark with an intense electromagnetic field feeding the spark

An air ionizing apparatus that produces both positive and negative ions has a housing with air inlet and outlet passages, a plurality of spaced apart air ionizing electrodes and a high voltage supply which applies positive and negative voltages to separate electrodes. A fan creates an airflow that carries the ions out of the housing, the fan preferably being between the electrodes and the outlet passages to promote intermixing of positive and negative ions.

Self-balancing bipolar air ionizer

An N cylinder internal combustion engine plasma ignition system comprises a DC-DC converter for boosting low DC voltage to high DC voltage. Each of N ignition energy charging circuits includes a first capacitor connected between the DC-DC converter and ground via first and second diodes. The capacitor is charged by the DC-DC converter. Each of N reverse blocked thyristors connected to a junction of the first diode and first capacitor selectively grounds an electrode of the corresponding first capacitor to discharge ignition energy stored in the first capacitor. For each cylinder a transformer connected between the first capacitor and a spark plug boosts and feeds the discharged energy to the plug. One end of the transformer primary winding is grounded via a second capacitor to generate a damped oscillation when the corresponding thyristor grounds the first capacitor. An ignition trigger signal generator sequentially triggers the corresponding thyristor in a predetermined ignition order whenever the engine revolves through a predetermined angle and supplies a pulse to the DC-DC converter in synchronization with the ignition trigger signal. Derivation of the high DC voltage is halted for a period of time according to the pulsewidth. Each of N core-less inductors connected in series with the secondary winding of a transformer restricts an abrupt large current flow from the corresponding spark plug, to extend the discharge duration of each spark plug and ignite the air-fuel fixture stably without misfire.

Plasma ignition system for an internal combustion engine

An electronic air cleaner having therein an electrostatic precipitator and an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp is positioned close to an antenna of a radio receiver. A shielding cover lined with a thin metal film covers the lamp to block radiation of the electric noise waves generated by the lamp.

Electronic air cleaner for passenger compartment of vehicle

A noise suppressor is disclosed for an automotive vehicle control system including a digital computer and a power unit for supplying power to the digital computer. The noise suppressor comprises an inductor connected in series with a power line extending from the power unit and capacitors each connecting each of signal lines extending from the digital computer with ground. The inductor and capacitors are enclosed in a metal casing.

Noise suppressor for vehicle digital system

A device for preventing noise leakage externally from a digital electronic apparatus using a clock pulse generator, comprising: (a) a metal casing; (b) a printed circuit board housed within the metal casing into which the digital electronic apparatus is assembled having a plurality of land patterns formed thereon at the end of various signal lines of the digital electronic apparatus; (c) a connector attached at one end of the printed circuit board having a plurality of connector pins therewithin for connecting said land patterns with external various apparatus; (d) an insulative film positioned on one surface of the printed circuit board closely adjacent to the land patterns; (e) a conductive film coated on one surface of the insulative member and coupled electrically to the metal casing; and (f) a plurality of chip-type capacitors which bridges between the conductive film and plurality of land patterns for effecting noise filtering and a method of manufacturing the device described above comprising the steps of: (a) coating a solder-resisting film on the conductive film except a portion to which the chip-type capacitors are connected and a portion to which the metal casing is electrically connected; (b) electrically connecting the conductive film to the plurality of chip-type capacitors to the land patterns in a soldering with a solder bath; and (c) electrically connecting the conductive film to the metal casing.

Device for preventing noise leakage and manufacturing method of the device

A plasma jet ignition plug wherein a film of semiconductor or a semiconductor oxide defines together with a first rod-shaped electrode and a second electrode a plasma cavity.

Masazumi Sone

Papers

Plasma ignition system for an internal combustion engine

Electronic air cleaner for passenger compartment of vehicle

Noise suppressor for vehicle digital system

Device for preventing noise leakage and manufacturing method of the device

Plasma jet ignition plug