There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

L'incidence annuelle du syndrome de Guillain-Barre est de 1,5/100000 habitants La mortalite actuelle est estimee a environ 5 % d'apres des essais therapeutiques recents, bien conduits Dix pour cent des malades gardent des sequelles motrices tres invalidantes un an apres le debut des premiers signes neurologiques La prise en charge de ces malades necessite des equipes entrainees, multidisciplinaires, pouvant pratiquer l'ensemble des therapeutiques specifiques La corticotherapie per os'ou par voie intraveineuse est inefficace Les echanges plasmatiques sont le premier traitement dont l'efficacite a ete demontree par rapport a un groupe controle Les indications sont maintenant mieux connues Les formes benignes (marche possible) beneficient de 2 echanges plasmatiques; 2 echanges supplementaires sont realises en cas d'aggravation Dans les formes intermediaires (marche impossible) et les formes severes (recours a la ventilation mecanique), 4 echanges plasmatiques sont conseilles Il n'est pas utile d'augmenter leur nombre dans les formes severes ou en cas d'absence d'amelioration De fortes doses d'immunoglobulines donnees par voie intraveineuse (lq IV) [0,4 g/kg/j pendant 5 jours] sont aussi efficaces que les echanges plasmatiques dans les formes intermediaires et severes Dans ces formes, le choix entre Ig IV et echanges plasmatiques depend des contre-indications respectives de ces traitements et de leur faisabilite Les travaux en cours ont comme objectif de mieux preciser les indications respectives des echanges plasmatiques et des lq IV dans des formes de gravite differente, leur morbidite comparee, la dose optimale des lq IV

[Guillain-Barré syndrome].

The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. S. 211-215

OBJECT\nTumors of the lateral ventricle can be removed via two major approaches: the transcallosal or the transcortical route. The purpose of this study is to discuss the techniques and outcomes in transcortical surgery of tumors located in the lateral ventricle.\n\n\nMETHODS\nAn experience with 29 consecutive lateral ventricular tumors resected via the transcortical route, over a 5-year period, is presented. The risks, complications, and outcomes of this surgical series, as well as those reported in the literature, are discussed. Surgical approaches to all five regions of the lateral ventricle are described. Neuropsychological, functional, and neurological outcomes are evaluated.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nThe transcortical technique makes it possible to resect lesions in each of the five regions of the lateral ventricle. It provides superior microsurgical working space and flexibility for maneuvering within the lateral ventricle. The key to a successful transcortical approach is an understanding of the functional anatomy of eloquent cortex to be broached, the location of the lesion, and its vascular supply. A clear understanding of the advantages and limitations of the transcortical approach makes performing this procedure for resection of large lesions in the ventricle both safe and effective. The majority of the patients in this series (86%) had a good outcome, returning to baseline functional status and suffering minimal morbidity. In the microsurgical era, transcortical surgery-related postoperative morbidity and outcome are dependent more on tumor histological type and site of origin than on approach.

Transcortical surgery for lateral ventricular tumors

In this paper, we presented the ground state energies calculated for some single and double cascade hyperon(${\Xi}^{-}$) hypernuclei. For hypernuclei of the type $_{\Xi}^{A_c+1}$X we applied $\Xi+^A_c$X two-body model and for hypernuclei of the type $_{\Xi\Xi}^{A_c+2}$X we adopted $\Xi+\Xi+^A_c$X three-body model. A two-term Gaussian (Isle type) potential with adjustable parameters is chosen as the $\Xi$-nucleus interaction, while a two-term Yukawa-type potential has been chosen for the $\Xi\Xi$ pair. In the three-body model calculation, we adopted the hyperspherical harmonics expansion (HHE) formalism. The resulting two- and three-body Schr{\"o}dinger equations subject to appropriate boundary condition's have been solved numerically to get the ground-state energies and wavefunctions. Computed values are in excellent agreement with the observed ones as found in the literature. Analysis of the calculated observables indicates that the hyperons stay close to the core-nucleus. Hypernuclei formed as a result of absorption of one or more $\Xi$-hyperon(s) by a normal nucleus (bound or unbound) are found to have more stability than those formed as a result of absorption of one or more $\Lambda$ hyperon(s) by the same nucleus. This fact flashes towards the possibility of the existence of a valley of strange hypernuclei near the drip lines.

Hyperspherical few-body model calculation for cascade $\Xi$ exotic hypernuclei with reference to nuclear drip lines.

The main objective of this article is to describe transcallosal and transcortical approach to deal with intraventricular tumors. Details of the transcallosal and transcortical approach to intraventricular tumors of the lateral and third ventricles were presented. Intraventricular tumors are ideal indications for microscopic neurosurgery. They often cause cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathway obstruction, resulting in ventricular dilatation. The general principle of removal of intraventricular tumors is interruption of the blood supply to the tumor and subsequent tumor debulking. In general, a piecemeal resection was performed; however, in some tumors such as meningioma, it was possible to detach the lesion from the surrounding brain tissue and remove it in toto. When the tumor arised in the anterior part of the third ventricle, the craniotomy was made at the coronal suture. When the tumor is located in the posterior part, the entry craniotomy was selected more anteriorly in order to pass the foramen of Monro in a straight line. Intraventricular tumors and related CSF pathway obstructions can be safely and effectively treated with micro neurosurgical techniques, either by transcallosal or transcortical approach. The aim should be the total extraction of the tumor with minimum damage and the chosen operative corridor should optimize tumor access and the protection of vulnerable neurovascular structures. Lateral ventricle tumors can be removed via transcortical approach when having hydrocephalus which provides a wider and more direct approach to the tumor than the transcallosal one. It allows the surgeon to achieve good functional outcome and maximum excision of the tumor. Transcallosal is an excellent midline exposure with preserving the callosomerginal and pericallosal arteriesto the midline tumor of lateral and 3rd ventricles. Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 13:23-29, 2016

/pdf/intraventricular-tumor-an-analysis-of-18-cases-2rkup2rtk1.pdf

Intraventricular Tumor: An Analysis of 18 Cases

Background: Comorbidities of migraine patients are not uncommon. Objective : This study was done to find out sociodemographic characteristics and the important comorbid psychiatric and physical illness in migraine patients. Methodology : This cross sectional study was carried out in the Neurology Outdoor and Headache Clinic at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from July 2010 to June 2011 for a period of 1 year. Patients with migraine (on the basis of International headache society migraine headache criteria), age ≥16 years with total duration of headache six months or more, having comorbidities like major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM) or obesity were included in the study (n=33).The sociodemographic and relevant data were collected in a preformed data sheet from each patient. Result : The mean age of the participants was 33.8±8.8 years. Most of them were in 31-40 year age group (39.4%), followed by 21-30 year age group (36.4%). Most of the participants were female (72.7%) and housewives (57.6%). The symptoms of migraine was severe according to Migraine Severity Scale (MIGSEV) in 19 (57.6%), moderate in 8 (24.2%) and mild in 6 (18.2%) participants. Among the comorbidities, psychiatric problems like GAD and MDD was present in 8 (24.2%) and 6 (18.2%) participants respectively. Seven (21.2%) were obese, 4 (12.1%) hypertensive and 8 (24.2%) diabetic. Frequency of headache/month was observed to be higher in participants with hypertension (5.0±1.4 episodes/month) and duration of episodic migraine headache was higher in those with MDD (23.4±10.3 hours). Conclusion : Patients of migraine have comorbidities like GAD, MDD, obesity, hypertension and DM which need to be addressed appropriately for proper migraine headache management. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2017;3(1): 48-51

/pdf/socio-demographic-and-comorbidity-profiles-of-migraine-4i1eajkgrh.pdf

Socio-demographic and Comorbidity Profiles of Migraine Patients in a Headache Clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City

Diagnostic criterion for abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) in pregnancy is still under debate. This study aims to see the diagnostic efficiency of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group of India (DIPSI) criterion in context to World Health Organization (WHO) 2013 criterion for detection of AGT in pregnancy. Pregnant mothers (n = 231; age, 26.07 ± 5.21 years; body mass index (BMI), 25.00 ± 4.09 kg/m2; mean ± SD) were screened for AGT including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and diabetes in pregnancy (DIP) from July 2016 to July 2017 in the “GDM Clinic” of BSMMU following WHO 2013 and DIPSI protocol with an interval of 3–5 days in between. Out of 231 mothers, 204 completed both procedures. Diagnostic efficiency of DIPSI criterion was assessed in the light of WHO 2013 criterion. Out of 204 mothers, 61 (29.9%) had AGT (GDM = 55, DIP = 6) according to WHO 2013 criterion whereas only 36 (17.6%) had AGT (GDM = 33, DIP = 3) by DIPSI criterion. Among participants, age (25.50 ± 5.11 vs. 27.39 ± 5.28, p = 0.018) and BMI (24.50 ± 3.92 vs. 26.31 ± 4.41, p = 0.003) were significantly higher in AGT group than the group with normal glucose tolerance (NGT).Holding WHO 2013 criterion as gold standard, specificity of DIPSI criterion was very high (93.70%), but sensitivity was relatively low (44.26%). There was a fair agreement between the two criteria (kappa = 0.43; p < 0.001). The 2-h glucose values in same subjects were found to be lower when tested for DIPSI criterion protocol in comparison to that WHO 2013 protocol. DIPSI criterion seems to be less sensitive in context to WHO 2013 criterion for detection of AGT in pregnancy.

Diagnostic efficiency of diabetes in pregnancy study group of India versus World Health Organization 2013 criteria

Rheumatic heart disease causes a significant number of morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh. Although the mitral and the aortic valve are the two most involved valves in rheumatic heart disease, the tricuspid valve disease is not uncommon secondary to, or in association with, mitral or aortic valve disease, but receives less attention as compared to the primary left-sided valve disease. Appropriate treatment of the tricuspid valve disease may improve long-term functional outcome. But the pattern and extent of the tricuspid valve involvement was not studied recently. This study was carried out to observe the pattern and extent of tricuspid valve involvement in Rheumatic Heart Disease patients. This observational analytical study was undertaken in the department of Cardiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from December 2010 to September 2011. Considering all ethical issues, data were collected from 173 subjects who underwent Echocardiography for their Chronic Rheumatic heart disease. Pattern of tricuspid valve involvement was observed by using Transthoracic Echocardiography by 2D, M mode and Doppler assessment. One hundred seventy three (173) patients with Rheumatic Heart disease was studied, out of these, 36 patients had evidence of tricuspid valve involvement based on echocardiographic findings. Fifteen (15) patients had Tricuspid stenosis and 36 patients had Tricuspid Regurgitation in the patients with TV involvement. All the patients with TV involvement had thickened leaflets. Doming, restriction of motion and calcification were present in different proportions. From this study, it can be concluded that organic tricuspid valve involvement in RHD is not uncommon in our country.

Mashfiqul Hasan

Papers

Hyperspherical few-body model calculation for cascade $\Xi$ exotic hypernuclei with reference to nuclear drip lines.

Intraventricular Tumor: An Analysis of 18 Cases

Socio-demographic and Comorbidity Profiles of Migraine Patients in a Headache Clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City

Diagnostic efficiency of diabetes in pregnancy study group of India versus World Health Organization 2013 criteria

Pattern and Extent of Tricuspid Valve Involvement in Chronic Rheumatic Heart Disease.