The sections in this article are:


1
Embryonic and Postembryonic Histogenesis of Adipose Tissue
1.1
Occurrence and Appearance of the Primitive Organs of the White Adipose Tissue

1.2
Storage of Fat in the Primitive Organs

1.3
Histogenesis of the Primitive Organs and Their Reticuloendothelial Nature

1.4
Blood Cell Formation in Primitive Organs

1.5
Persistence of the Fat Organ After Loss of the Fat

1.6
Development of the Brown Adipose Tissue




2
Growth and Spreading of Adipose Tissue

The development of adipose tissue

Acute pulmonary embolism. II. Clinical.

The sections in this article are:


1
I. Introduction

2
II. Physiological role of Brown Adipose Tissue as a Quantitatively Important site of Heat Production
2.1
A. Heat Production by Brown Adipose Tissue During Arousal From Hibernation

2.2
B. Changes in Brown Adipose Tissue of Nonhibernating Species During Exposure to Cold Environment




3
III. Other Possible Functions of Brown Adipose Tissue

4
IV. Suitability of Brown Adipose Tissue for the Study of Metabolic Mechanisms in Adipose Tissue

5
V. Summary

The physiological role of brown adipose tissue1

The sections in this article are:


1
Preparation of Fat Cells

2
Morphology of Fat Cell and Stromal-Vascular Fractions

3
Metabolism of Glucose and Response to Insulin

4
Effects of Other Hormones on Glucose Metabolism

5
Potassium Requirement for Insulin Response by Fat Cells

6
Effects of Lipolytic Hormones on Fatty Acid and Glycerol Release

The metabolism of isolated fat cells

The sections in this article are:


1
Methods
1.1
Adipose Fatty Acid Analysis Without the Use of GLC

1.2
Adipose Fatty Acid Analysis With GLC

1.3
Obtaining the Sample




2
Results
2.1
Average Values and the Sampling Error

2.2
Adipose Composition in Disease

2.3
Dietary Effects on Adipose Composition

2.4
Rate of Adipose Change Under Influence of Diet

2.5
Effect of Weight Reduction

2.6
Adipose Composition of the Newborn

Fatty acid patterns in human adipose tissue

Numerous after-effects of external whole-body or segmental irradiation, many obvious and well known, have been observed in experimental animals and in man. That these effects are in some way time-dose-volume-organ dependent has been well established, though the details of the parameters remain to be evaluated critically. Studies have been carried out to assess some of the metabolic changes produced in rabbits and dogs by external irradiation, particularly in moderate to low dose ranges. Opalescence of serum from irradiated rabbits was described in 1949 by Rosenthal (9). It was then concluded that the degree of opalescence was correlated with the incidence of death in those animals. Hayes and Hewitt (6) confirmed this correlation, and Goldwater and Entenman (2) found that the lipoproteins were a more reliable measure of injury than leukocyte or erythrocyte counts, sedimentation rate, or hematocrit. Similar conclusions about heavily irradiated dogs were reached by the Atomic Energy Commission group (8). The...

Post-irradiation hyperlipemia.

The observations and conclusions of this study were obtained during attempts to create lung infarction in the dog. An experimental model has been sought to test previously reported subjective observations concerning the use of helium-oxygen mixtures in attempts to diagnose hemorrhagic lung infarction in man (1). Most experimental studies of lung embolism have demonstrated that a true infarct cannot be produced in a normal lung if the definition of true infarction includes necrosis of alveolar walls. It is possible, however, to produce what Hampton and Castleman called “incomplete infarction.” It is well known that the vast majority of lung emboli of whatever material do not result in infarction in the dog or, indeed, in man (13). This report gives evidence to support four conclusions: 1. In that uncommon experimental event which results in a lesion closely mimicking true infarction, there is pulmonary venous stasis or spasm in the involved segment. 2. No radiographically demonstrable bronchospasm involves...

The radiologic anatomy and physiology of lung embolus and infarction.

The diagnosis of pneumonitis, atelectasis, and lung infarction is frequently difficult. Radiological methods and technics have exploited fully the anatomic differences existing among these disorders. This report considers the roentgen variations which can be demonstrated in patients with one of the three disorders after the inhalation of various gas mixtures. Certain negative findings are listed, and one radiological approach to the diagnosis of lung infarction is outlined, with a discussion of some of the limitations to this approach. Patient Study One hundred and sixty-four patients were studied during the acute phase of their illness by the method to be described. All had complaints suggesting one of the three disorders. This series includes 70 selected patients in whom the diagnosis was most reasonably established. Criteria for the diagnosis of pneumonitis in 56 of the 70 cases included a history of chest pain and productive cough, signs of fever and consolidation, positive microbiological studies, an...

Comparative study of patients with pneumonia, atelectasis, and lung infarction following inhalation of various gas mixtures.

An experimental method of quantitating the functional anatomy of small coronary arteries (0.3–0.1 mm) in regions of the canine myocardium is described. Serial magnification and cine and kine microangiography were optimized by means of a leaf phantom with contrast-filled xylem. It was found that the diameter of small vessels normally changes by up to 20% during the cardiac cycle. The number of small myocardial vessels filled increases when the mean aortic pressure rises by 20 mm Hg, but not when the heart rate doubles.

Maurice L. Bogdonoff

Papers

Post-irradiation hyperlipemia.

The radiologic anatomy and physiology of lung embolus and infarction.

Comparative study of patients with pneumonia, atelectasis, and lung infarction following inhalation of various gas mixtures.

Microangiography of Dog Coronary Arteries Under Stress