Терминосистема методики преподавания современного английского языка в словаре Джека Ричардса и Ричарда Шмидта "dictionary of language teaching and Applied Linguistics"

17. Pauses and hesitations

This research is carried out to investigate the influencing factors of the Hesitation phenomena in students’ speaking. The participant of this research is five students of seventh semester from English Department of IAIN Langsa in academic Years 2017-2021 who have been selected through purposive sampling based on certain characteristics. This research used qualitative method to gain the data, observation and interview. Based on the results, there are five factors lead the students to hesitate during speaking, which is breathing, pragmatic reason, cognitive process, linguistic planning, and nervousness. Therefore, one of the participants blamed that breathing can be the solution to overcome hesitation in speaking as well as practice and preparation. The researcher has several suggestions for this research. Specifically, first, the students should be aware of the existence of the hesitation phenomena during their speaking. Second, it is necessary to raise the lecturers' awareness since the hesitation phenomenon is an important factor that affects students speaking performance and difficulty. Finally, due to the limitation of this study, further investigation hopes to explore more with a larger population and different groups of students. Therefore, further research about certain approaches or methods to reduce hesitation phenomena in speaking is needed.

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They Who Hesitate: The Influencing Factors of Hesitation Phenomena in Students’ Speaking at IAIN Langsa

This research aims to prove the effectiveness of using audiovisual media in learning to write drama scripts for students. The population in this research were students of class XII Social Science which collected 90 people from three classes. The sample was determined by purposive sampling technique in order to obtain 2 classes as the experimental and control classes. The research design was a quasi-experimental. The instrument used is a drama writing test. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and inferential analysis in the form of independent t-test. The results showed that the group using audiovisual media obtained better results than audio media. The results of the study were evidenced by a t-test which showed that audiovisual media was effectively used in learning to write drama scripts. The implication of this research is that teachers can improve students' ability to write Indonesian drama scripts using audiovisual media.  
Abstrak: 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan keefektifan penggunaan media audiovisual dalam pembelajaran menulis naskah drama siswa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XII IPS yang berjumlah 90 orang dari tiga kelas. Sampel ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh 2 kelas sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Desain penelitian adalah eksperimen semu. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes menulis drama. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis inferensial berupa independent t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok yang menggunakan media audiovisual memperoleh hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan media audio. Hasil penelitian tersebut dibutikan dengan uji-t yang menunjukkan bahwa media audiovisual efektif  digunakan dalam pembelajaran menulis naskah drama. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah guru dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa menulis naskah drama bahasa Indonesia dengan menggunakan media audiovisual.

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The effectiveness of using audiovisual media in learning to write indonesian drama script

Pauses and hesitations are phenomena that can be found in speech. They can help both the speaker and the hearer, due to the functions they have in a dialogue. Their occurrence in speech has a value that they make it more understandable. In this regard, the researchers intend to critically examine the pauses and hesitations used in the two texts as well as their functions. The present paper aims to identify the types of pauses and hesitations used by Pinter’s The Homecoming and Baker’s Circle Mirror Transformation as well as the functions they serve and to compare both playwrights in this regard. To do so, the sequential production approach of turn taking, in combination with the contributions of some scholars who state the multifunctional use of pauses and hesitations, has been used. The findings of the present study show that pauses and hesitations do not exist arbitrarily in speech but they are found to serve certain functions depending on the context in which they occur. Regarding the two selected extracts, it is noticed from the comparison that the two writers do not use pauses and hesitations equally. Baker uses them more frequently than Pinter due to the context in which they are used which requires using pauses to aid comprehension.

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Maysoon Tahir Muhi

Papers

Pauses and Hesitations in Drama Texts