https://minerva-access.unimelb.edu.au/bitstream/handle/11343/26707/117585_Using SDI and Web-based System to Facilitate Disaster Management.pdf

Using SDI and web-based system to facilitate disaster management

When attempting to determine how to respond optimally to a large-scale emergency, the ability to predict the consequences of certain courses of action in silico is of great utility. Agent-based simulations (ABSs) have become the de facto tool for this purpose; however, they may be used and implemented in a variety of ways. This article reviews existing implementations of ABSs for large-scale emergency response, and presents a taxonomy classifying them by usage. Opportunities for improving ABS for large-scale emergency response are identified.

/pdf/agent-based-simulation-for-large-scale-emergency-response-a-zqz6zyapjw.pdf

Agent-based simulation for large-scale emergency response: A survey of usage and implementation

This paper presents research on participatory design of interactive systems for emergency response. We present the work by going through the design method with a focus on the new elements that we developed for the participatory design toolkit, in particular we emphasize the use of challenges and visions as ways to bridge between fieldwork and literature studies on the one hand and the emerging computer based prototypes on the other. Our case concerns design of innovative interactive systems for support in emergency response, including patient identification and monitoring as well as construction and maintenance of a situational overview.

Challenges in designing interactive systems for emergency response

Disaster Management (DM) is a diffused area of knowledge. It has many complex features interconnecting the physical and the social views of the world. Many international and national bodies create knowledge models to allow knowledge sharing and effective DM activities. But these are often narrow in focus and deal with specified disaster types. We analyze thirty such models to uncover that many DM activities are actually common even when the events vary. We then create a unified view of DM in the form of a metamodel. We apply a metamodelling process to ensure that this metamodel is complete and consistent. We validate it and present a representational layer to unify and share knowledge as well as combine and match different DM activities according to different disaster situations.

/pdf/development-and-validation-of-a-disaster-management-3grnb7r13w.pdf

Development and validation of a Disaster Management Metamodel (DMM)

Responding to natural or man-made disasters in a timely and effective manner can reduce deaths and injuries, contain or prevent secondary disasters, and reduce the resulting economic losses and social disruption. Appropriate IT solutions can improve this response. However, exhaustive and realistic validation of these IT solutions is difficult; proofs are not available, simulations lack realism, and drills are expensive and cannot be reproduced. This paper presents DrillSim: a simulation environment that plays out the activities of a crisis response (e.g., evacuation). It has capabilities to integrate real-life drills into a simulated response activity using an instrumented environment with sensing and communication capabilities. IT solutions can be plugged in the simulation system to study their effectiveness in disaster management and response. This way, by using a simulation coupled with an on-going drill, IT solutions can be tested in a less expensive but realistic scenario.

/pdf/drillsim-a-simulation-framework-for-emergency-response-3fnlgdu9wc.pdf

DrillSim: a simulation framework for emergency response drills

A number of modeling and simulation tools have been developed and more are being developed for emergency response applications. The available simulation tools are mostly meant for standalone use. Addressing an emergency incident requires addressing multiple interdependent aspects of the situation. The simulation tools addressing different aspects of an emergency situation need to be integrated to provide the whole picture to planners, trainers and responders. A framework is required to ensure that modeling and simulation tools can be systematically integrated together to address the overall response. This paper proposes a framework for integration of modeling, simulation and visualization tools for emergency response. The development and implementation of the proposed framework will significantly improve the nation's capability in the emergency response area.

/pdf/a-framework-for-modeling-and-simulation-for-emergency-396asd54l0.pdf

McLean

Papers

A framework for modeling and simulation for emergency response