The present invention teaches a method of manufacturing an enclosed transceiver, such as a radio frequency identification (“RFID”) tag. Structurally, in one embodiment, the tag comprises an integrated circuit (IC) chip, and an RF antenna mounted on a thin film substrate powered by a thin film battery. A variety of antenna geometries are compatible with the above tag construction. These include monopole antennas, dipole antennas, dual dipole antennas, a combination of dipole and loop antennas. Further, in another embodiment, the antennas are positioned either within the plane of the thin film battery or superjacent to the thin film battery.

Method of manufacturing an enclosed transceiver

A novel protocol for an ad-hoc, peer-to-peer radio network that provides collision-free channel access with an emphasis on improving geographic reuse of the frequency spectrum. The protocol of the invention is executed on the reservation or control channel, and provides a method for allocating data transactions on the data channels. The system of the invention utilizes multiple parallel data channels that are coordinated by a single reservation channel. The transceiver of the system employs two modems to solve the channel reliability issues with multiple channel designs, where one is dedicated as a receive-only modem for gathering channel usage information on the reservation channel. High quality voice, video and data may be transmitted. The reservation channel implements a time division multiple access algorithm with dynamic slot allocation. In a distributed manner, nodes determine geographic reuse of slots based on channel quality extracted from the modem. Signal quality calculations are used to determine the likelihood of a slot reuse causing destructive interference within a node's neighborhood. Requests for slot usage are compared with the known traffic pattern and accepted or rejected by nodes within RF signal range based on the signal quality calculations.

Time division protocol for an ad-hoc, peer-to-peer radio network having coordinating channel access to shared parallel data channels with separate reservation channel

An ad-hoc, peer-to-peer radio access system for cellular communications systems using time division duplex as a way of maximizing the bits/hz/km2 for cellular systems. The network architecture of the ad-hoc system allows the radio access to be integrated with the fixed components of a conventional cellular system, PSTN or ISP. The objective is to make the system of the invention transparent to the features and services provided by the external network. The advantages of such a system to a cellular operator are that significantly less infrastructure is required, and that the RF spectrum is more efficiently utilized resulting in much lower building and operating costs. The system architecture is comprised of remote terminals, routers, gateways, and at least one gateway controller that interfaces the ad-hoc system to a cellular network system. The ad-hoc system of the invention allows for both voice and data transmissions and receptions.

Ad hoc peer-to-peer mobile radio access system interfaced to the pstn and cellular networks

An enhanced backscatter RF-ID tag reader system and multiprotocol RF tag reader system is provided. In a multiprotocol mode, the system emits a non-stationary interrogation signal, and decodes a phase modulated backscatter signal by detecting a stronger phase component from quadrature phase representations or determining phase transition edges in a phase of a received signal. The RF tag reader system predicts or follows the phase of the backscatter signal, thereby avoiding interference from nulls in the received signal waveform due to the non-stationary interrogation signal, relative movement or environmental effects. An acoustic RF-ID tag detection system detects the reradiated signal corresponding to respective transformation of a signal in the tag. Detection of either type of RF-ID tags therefore is possible, and the absence of any tag or absence of any valid tag also determined.

Dual mode transmitter-receiver and decoder for RF transponder tags

A position location communication system determines the position of a mobile master radio using a round-trip messaging scheme in which the time of arrive (TOA) of ranging signals is accurately determined to yield the range estimates required to calculate the position of the mobile radio. The master radio transmits ranging signals to plural reference radios which respond by transmitting reply ranging signals. Upon reception of the reply ranging signal, the master radio determines the range to the reference radio from the signal propagation time. Any combination of fixed or mobile radios having known positions can be used as the reference radios for another mobile radio in the system. Individual radios do not need to be synchronized to a common time reference, thereby eliminating the need for highly accurate system clocks. Errors in TOA estimates are minimized by performing internal delay calibration, Doppler compensation, leading-edge-of-the-signal curve fitting and frequency diversity techniques.

Method and apparatus for determining the position of a mobile communication device

Diclosed is a dual band communication receiver for use in a burst communication sytem. The receiver is capable of esentially simultaneous reception at a first carrier frequency (L), such as L-band and a higher carrier frequency (H), such as S-band, using distinct codes and replying in the frequency band received. A typical system is composed of a transponder and an interrogator. The incoming coded signal is down converted to an i.f. frequency compatible with surface acoustic wave (SAW) convolvers. The i.f. signal is then divided between two SAW convolvers, each having a convolution interval of two times the message symbol length (2T). Reference signals A and B are composite signals comprised of alternate L-band and H-band signals, each having a time period equal to T and each L- or H-band signal operating at a 50% duty cycle. Reference signals A and B are time reversed to the input signals applied to the convolver and are orthogonal to one another. Each of the convolver outputs are processed through log video detection circuits to reduce the dynamic range followed by peak detecting and stretching to reduce the pulse bandwidth. The outputs from each peak detection and stretching circuitry are coupled to a smaple-and-hold circuit which are in turn divided such that one path is to synchronization and interrogation sidelobe suppression (also referred to as sidelobe inhibit, ISLI or control signal) matched filters designed to look for the particular symbol sequences between the two convolver channels characteristic of the preamble and ISLI signals. The synchronization signal and the sidelobe suppression signal are used in order to determine if a valid preamble has been detected by the receiver and if the receiver is in a desired portion of the interrogator radiation pattern; if so, then a timing or address signal and the remaining portion of the message which contains the data is clocked into a memory.

Dual band communication receiver

Disclosed is a surface wave device comprising one transducer having its fundamental resonant frequency at a subharmonic of the device operating frequency and a second transducer having its fundamental resonant frequency at the device operating frequency. Both transducers respond to surface waves at the operating frequency. Only the harmonic operated transducer responds to bulk waves at the operating frequency. Thus, signal coupled from one transducer to the other at the operating frequency contains no noise generated by bulk mode coupling.

High bulk mode rejection surface wave device

This communications receiver is intended for use by a burst mode system of communication. Such a system consists of a transponder and a master pulse transmitter. The arriving encoded signal is converted by attenuation into an MF signal compatible with surface acoustic wave convolution circuits 74 and 76. The MF signal is then shared between two convolution circuits 74 and 76 each having a convolution interval equal to twice the length of the message symbol (2T). Reference signals A and B applied to the terminals 82 and 84 with a bit length of 2T are applied to the two convolution circuits 74 and 76 and are inverted in time, the mark-space ratio of their application to each convolution circuit being 50%.

Mellon Donald W

Papers

Dual band communication receiver

High bulk mode rejection surface wave device

Single and double band communications receiver