A thermal energy storage material (TESM) system (and associated methods) that reproducibly stores and recovers latent heat comprising i) at least one first metal containing material including at least one first metal compound that includes a nitrate ion, a nitrite ion, or both; ii) at least one second metal containing material including at least one second metal compound; and iii) optionally including water, wherein the water concentration if any is present is less than about 10 wt.%; wherein the TESM has a liquidus temperature, TL, from about 1000°C to about 2500°C; and wherein the TESM exhibits a heat storage density from 3000°C to 800°C of at least about 1 MJ/I; so that upon being used in a system that generates heat, at least a portion of the heat is captured and stored by the TESM and subsequently released for use, and the system is generally resistant to corrosion at temperatures of about 300°C.

Thermal energy storage materials

A trigger to initiate crystallization of a supercooled aqueous salt solution of a heat pack, thereby liberating heat. The trigger, when activated, pierces the container, allowing the salt solution to contact salt crystals, and initiate crystallization of the solution. A seal over the trigger prevents the solution from leaking from the heat pack. Optionally, the heat pack contains a flexible foam rubber pad immersed in the salt solution in the container to prevent saddlebagging.

Trigger to activate supercooled aqueous salt solution for use in a heat pack

The present invention relates to a heat storage system with a plurality of storage tanks, in which a latent heat storage medium is disposed, and with a conduit system with supply conduits for supplying heat into the storage tanks and with discharge conduits for removing heat from the storage tanks, wherein the conduit system includes one or more valves by means of which at least one supply conduit to at least one of the storage tanks and/or at least one discharge conduit from at least one of the storage tanks can be shut off or be varied in its flow rate, and with a control unit which is connected with the one or more valves and is configured such that it actuates the same.

Heat storage system

Apparatus, systems and methods are provided for the warming of materials. In an embodiment, the heat for warming the materials is provided by an activatable heating substance, such as a supercooled salt solution. In an embodiment, an apparatus maintains fluid at a preselected temperature for prolonged durations. In an embodiment, an apparatus may be sterilized for deployment in a sterile surgical field. In an embodiment, an apparatus may be reused. In an embodiment, an apparatus is adapted for easy pouring of contents.

Apparatus, systems, and methods for warming materials

A phase change material for use in a heat battery is provided which includes a salt of hydrated Group IIA metal nitrate and Group IA metal nitrate and an effective amount of an aqueous material sufficient to cause the densities of the liquid and solid phases of said phase change material to be approximately equal during phase transformation. A method of making the phase change material and a heat battery which contains the phase change material are also provided.

Density stabilized phase change material

Latent heat storage and supply system and method in which a body of crystallizable phase change material and a separate body of a special crystallization nucleator for the phase change material are associated for heating as a unit to melt the phase change material, for cooling to bring the molten phase change material to supercooled condition in which heat is stored as latent heat of crystallization and thereafter for transferring a controlled portion of the nucleator into the body of phase change material to induce crystallization and release of latent heat of crystallization. The special nucleator includes a component which, after the heating and cooling steps, will contain crystals for nucleating the phase change material and which has a solubility in the phase change material such that the controlled portion added to the body of phase change material will dissolve in that body during the heating step.

Michael L. Goldstein

Papers

Latent heat storage and supply system and method