Showing papers by "Michael L. Power published in 2003"
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that, although women house officers continued to work more than 80 hours per week during pregnancy, most had a good pregnancy outcome, and there was a higher frequency of preterm labor, preeclampsia, and fetal growth restriction in female residents than in spouses or partners of male residents.
70 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The perceptions of obstetricians regarding breast-feeding practices of their patients appear consistent with national surveys, and Obstetricians consider counseling their patients and managing Breastfeeding care to be important parts of their clinical responsibilities, but further training and educational materials are warranted.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge, training and attitudes of obstetricians concerning management of breast-feeding. STUDY DESIGN: A survey was sent to 1,200 fellows of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; 397 practicing obstetricians responded. RESULTS: Obstetricians who were satisfied with their patients' behavior (69.5%) estimated that on average > 70% of their patients planned to breast-feed, while those who were unsatisfied (21.4%) estimated that < 60% of their patients planned to breast-feed. African America race and eligibility for Medicaid both appear to predict low rates of breast-feeding among patients. Most physicians considered that they were very well qualified to treat mastitis, prescribe maternal medications and advise their patients regarding contraception. They were less certain of their qualifications regarding educating their patients about breast-feeding and aiding them in solving breast-feeding problems. Personal breast-feeding experience was a significant predictor of female physician confidence. Four of 10 physicians regarded their residency training as inadequate in terms of breast-feeding management. CONCLUSION: The perceptions of obstetricians regarding breast-feeding practices of their patients appear consistent with national surveys. Obstetricians consider counseling their patients and managing breast-feeding care to be important parts of their clinical responsibilities, but further training and educational materials are warranted.
26 citations
TL;DR: It is predicted that metabolic studies measuring both circadian phases in other small primates will also find this pattern of reduced RMR during the inactive phase, and it is proposed that this circadian pattern of RMR is a consequence of small body size, and is not a specific metabolic adaptation within the Callitrichidae.
Abstract: The resting metabolic rates (RMRs) of six adult Goeldi's monkeys (Callimico goeldii) were measured using standard methods of open circuit respirometry during both the active (daytime) and inactive (nighttime) circadian phases for this species. One subject was measured both while she was pregnant and after she delivered a full-term, stillborn infant. Inactive-phase RMR within thermal neutrality (above 27.5 degrees C) averaged 288.5 +/- 30.8 ml O2/hr; active-phase RMR within thermal neutrality averaged 416.3 +/- 60.9 ml O2/hr. These values are 74.6% and 107.6%, respectively, of the mammalian expected for animals of this body mass. During the inactive phase, metabolic rate increased an estimated 4.3% for every degree decline in temperature below 27.5 degrees C. The RMR in Goeldi's monkey is similar quantitatively and qualitatively to those of other captive callitrichids that have been studied, with active-phase RMR being at or slightly above the mammalian expected, and inactive-phase RMR being significantly reduced. We propose that this circadian pattern of RMR is a consequence of small body size, and is not a specific metabolic adaptation within the Callitrichidae. Thus we predict that metabolic studies measuring both circadian phases in other small primates will also find this pattern of reduced RMR during the inactive phase. The inactive-phase RMR within thermal neutrality of the pregnant female was not different from that measured after the stillbirth, despite an almost 15% difference in body mass. During pregnancy, however, the female was more metabolically responsive to temperature below thermal neutrality, and had a lower upper critical temperature (i.e., was less tolerant of heat).
13 citations