Advances in the Synthesis and Catalytic Applications of Organosulfonic-Functionalized Mesostructured Materials

Use of solid catalysts in Friedel-Crafts acylation reactions.

Activated hydrotalcites as catalysts for the synthesis of chalcones of pharmaceutical interest

A series of basic ionic liquids functionalized hydroxyapatite-encapsulated γ-Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by XRD, XPS, HRTEM, IR and BET. These magnetic nanoparticles were used as efficient heterogeneous catalysts for aqueous Knoevenagel condensation under mild conditions and excellent results for extended substrates were obtained. In comparison with the control experiments, the high activity is ascribed to the cooperativity between the base sites generated by framework hydroxyapatite and supported basic ionic liquids. Separation of the catalyst from the reaction mixture was readily achieved by simple magnetic decantation and the catalyst could be easily recycled without appreciable loss of catalytic activity.

Basic ionic liquids supported on hydroxyapatite-encapsulated γ-Fe2O3 nanocrystallites: An efficient magnetic and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for aqueous Knoevenagel condensation

Update 1 of: Use of Solid Catalysts in Friedel Crafts Acylation Reactions Giovanni Sartori* and Raimondo Maggi Clean Synthetic Methodologies Group and National Interuniversity Consortium “Chemistry for Environment” (INCA), Unit PR2, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Universit a degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17A, I-43100 Parma, Italy This is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in Chem. Rev. 2006, 106 (3), 1077 1104, DOI: 10.1021/cr040695c; Published (Web) February 14, 2006. Updates to the text appear in red type.

Update 1 of: Use of Solid Catalysts in Friedel−Crafts Acylation Reactions

The effect of solvents on the heterogeneous synthesis of flavanone over MgO

The synthesis of flavanone was studied over a magnesium oxide solid catalyst in a batch reactor. The reaction scheme consists of the Claisen–Schmidt condensation of 2'-hydroxyacetophenone with benzaldehyde towards the formation of a 2'-hydroxychalcone intermediate and the subsequent isomerization of this intermediate to flavanone. An initial parametric study yielded a range of values for key experimental parameters (i.e., catalyst particle size and weight percentage and stirring rate) for which the batch reactor system operates in the kinetic regime. The kinetic investigation that followed indicates that over the MgO catalyst studied the Claisen–Schmidt condensation reaction follows first-order kinetics in 2-hydroxyacetophenone and half-order kinetics in benzaldehyde, while the 2'-hydroxychalcone isomerization follows first-order kinetics; activation energies of 40 and 48 kJ/mol were obtained for the two reactions, respectively.

Michele T. Drexler

Papers

The effect of solvents on the heterogeneous synthesis of flavanone over MgO

Kinetic Investigation of the Heterogeneous Synthesis of Flavanone over MgO