Showing papers by "Mika Valden published in 2006"

Adsorption of Benzotriazole on the Surface of Copper Alloys Studied by SECM and XPS

Abstract: The formation of inhibitive benzotriazole films on copper and copper alloyed with silver has been studied with scanning electrochemical microscopy SECM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XPS. The SECM measurements showed that the film grows rapidly on oxygen-free dehydrated copper OF-HC and that the rate depends on the substrate potential. The benzotriazole films were also observed on silver alloyed copper; however, electropolishing prevents film growth by enriching the surface with silver. XPS results show that the film consisted of CuI–BTA on both materials. No evidence of AgI–BTA was found.

Instrumentation and analytical methods of an x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy–scanning tunneling microscopy surface analysis system for studying nanostructured materials

Abstract: The design and performance of an x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)–scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) surface analysis system for studying nanostructured materials are described. The analysis system features electron spectroscopy methods (XPS and Auger electron spectroscopy) in addition to a variable temperature STM. With the analytical methods of the system, surface chemical analysis as well as surface morphology down to atomic resolution can be obtained. The system also provides facilities for sample cleaning, annealing, gas dosing, depth profiling, and surface modifications by sputtering and evaporation. Controlled gas exposures from ultrahigh vacuum to atmospheric pressures in the adjustable temperature range of 120–1100K can be carried out in different chambers. A fast entry air lock allows the transfer of samples and STM tips into the system without air exposures. The surface analysis system uses a common sample holder in all five chambers which are independently pumped and separated from each...