การวจยเชงคณภาพ เปนเครองมอสำคญอยางหนงสำหรบทำความเขาใจสงคมและพฤตกรรมมนษย การวจยแบบการสรางทฤษฎจากขอมล กเปนหนงในหลายระเบยบวธการวจยเชงคณภาพทกำลงไดรบความสนใจ และเปนทนยมเพมสงขนเรอยๆ จากนกวชาการ และนกวจยในสาขาสงคมศาสตร และศาสตรอนๆ เชน พฤตกรรมศาสตร สงคมวทยา สาธารณสขศาสตร พยาบาลศาสตร จตวทยาสงคม ศกษาศาสตร รฐศาสตร และสารสนเทศศกษา ดงนน หนงสอเรอง “ConstructingGrounded Theory: A Practical Guide through Qualitative Analysis” หรอ “การสรางทฤษฎจากขอมล:แนวทางการปฏบตผานการวเคราะหเชงคณภาพ” จะชวยใหผอานมความรความเขาใจถงพฒนาการของปฏบตการวจยแบบสรางทฤษฎจากขอมล ตลอดจนแนวทาง และกระบวนการปฏบตการวจยอยางเปนระบบ จงเปนหนงสอทควรคาแกการอานโดยเฉพาะนกวจยรนใหม เพอเปนแนวทางในการนำความรความเขาใจไประยกตในงานวจยของตน อกทงนกวจยผเชยวชาญสามารถอานเพอขยายมโนทศนดานวจยใหกวางขวางขน

Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide through Qualitative Analysis

หนงสอเรอง การออกแบบการวจย: วธการวจยเชงคณภาพ วธการวจยเชงปรมาณ และวธการวจยแบบผสม (Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Approaches) เปนหนงสอทเรยบเรยงเพออธบายเกยวกบความแตกตางของกระบวนทศนการวจยทง 2 แบบ ไดแก การวจย เชงปรมาณ และการวจยเชงคณภาพ และความจำเปนของประเดนปญหาการวจยทตองนำกระบวนทศนทง 2 มารวมกนหาขอคนพบเพอนำไปสผลการวจยทสามารถนำผลการวจยไปใชประโยชนไดอยางจรงมากยงขน เรยกวา “การวจยแบบผสมผสาน” ซงเปนหนงสอทอธบายวธการวจยทง 2 ประเภทไดอยางชดเจน และการรวมกนของกระบวนทศนการวจยทง 2 แบบอยางลงตว

Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Approaches

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A Break in the Clouds: Towards a Cloud Definition

The literature on the response of insect species to the changing environments experienced along altitudinal gradients is diverse and widely dispersed. There is a growing awareness that such responses may serve as analogues for climate warming effects occurring at a particular fixed altitude or latitude over time. This review seeks, therefore, to synthesise information on the responses of insects and allied groups to increasing altitude and provide a platform for future research. It focuses on those functional aspects of insect biology that show positive or negative reaction to altitudinal changes but avoids emphasising adaptation to high altitude per se. Reactions can be direct, with insect characteristics or performance responding to changing environmental parameters, or they can be indirect and mediated through the insect's interaction with other organisms. These organisms include the host plant in the case of herbivorous insects, and also competitor species, specific parasitoids, predators and pathogens. The manner in which these various factors individually and collectively influence the morphology, behaviour, ecophysiology, growth and development, survival, reproduction, and spatial distribution of insect species is considered in detail. Resultant patterns in the abundance of individual species populations and of community species richness are examined. Attempts are made throughout to provide mechanistic explanations of trends and to place each topic, where appropriate, into the broader theoretical context by appropriate reference to key literature. The paper concludes by considering how montane insect species will respond to climate warming.

Terrestrial insects along elevation gradients: species and community responses to altitude

Ten years ago, Joseph Felsenstein (35) and I (56) both wrote reviews discussing the maintenance of genetic polymorphisms in heterogeneous environments. I addressed the question of the importance in maintaining genetic variation of diversifying selection (sometimes called the niche-variation hypothesis), i.e. selection for different alleles in different environments. My focus was on the evidence and theory supporting the connection of a variable environment with genetic variation, particularly as an explanation for the large amounts of allozymic variation. At that time, the empirical evidence suggesting a genetic-environment connection for allozymic variation was mostly correlative and not in general experimentally based. Theory suggested, however, that polymorphism maintenance was possible in a variable environment; it was most likely when there was variable selection in space and limited gene flow and/or habitat selection. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the research of the intervening decade on genetic polymorphism in variable environments. The topics of this review are divided in a fashion similar to that of the earlier review. First, I mention some recent work in which there has been detailed investigation of the relationship of different environments and the maintenance of genetic variation. Second, I review the theoretical developments in the past decade. Finally, I discuss recent experimental work in some detail. An emphasis in the review is to evaluate these experimental studies, a number of which were designed specifically to determine the importance of heterogeneous environments in maintaining genetic variation.

Genetic polymorphism in heterogeneous environments: a decade later

A swift execution from idea to market has become a key competitive advantage for software companies to enable them to survive and grow in turbulent business environments. To combat this challenge, companies are using hackathons. A hackathon is a highly engaging, continuous event in which people in small groups produce working software prototypes in a limited amount of time. F-Secure, a software product company, views hackathons as a possible solution to the fundamental business problem of how to make revenue from an idea, spanning the phases from creating the idea to producing a software prototype. However, hackathons pose the challenge of how to transform those promising prototypes into finalized products that create revenue and real business value.

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What are Hackathons for

https://research.aalto.fi/files/31089340/1_s2.0_S016412121830284X_main.pdf

Software product lines and variability modeling: A tertiary study

Ecology and ecological genetics of Philaenus spumarìus (L.) (Homoptera).

The success of software ecosystems highly depends on the variety and quality of end-user applications. Therefore, attracting third-party developers and facilitating application development is crucial. Platform boundary resources enable third-party developers to create the applications. Thus, the platform boundary resources expose and extend the platform architecture. We conducted an industrial case study on third-party developer experience, particularly on the role of platform boundary resources in exposing the platform architecture and facilitating development. The studied ecosystem is centered on managing end-users' content across devices, the ecosystem was in its pre-commercial phase. The results identify the platform boundary resources in the case study and propose a model for classifying the resources. Further, designing the platform boundary resources is not only about opening up the platform architecture. Instead, the platform boundary resources need to account for a rich variety of applications, or at least not limit too much the creativity of third-party developers, while still aiming at the ease of development. We conclude that the platform boundary resources need to be created for the third-party developers, rather than from the platform architecture.

The Role of Platform Boundary Resources in Software Ecosystems: A Case Study

Online social media services, such as Facebook and Twitter, have set new standards on how people interact with each other online, share their everyday activities, and media services. While current mobile services supporting social interaction are typically primarily for remote communication, similar services can be introduced to co-located social interactions. In such a setting, people and proactive, context sensing mobile devices form a new kind of a socio-digital system where the mobile devices are active participants and can initiate interaction among the devices and people. Physical proximity of the devices becomes a key enabler to advance users' interaction with each other and the supporting mobile services. In this paper, we introduce the concept of Social Devices and its implementation. The Social Devices Platform facilitates autonomously composed cooperative services in co-located devices where the client part is simple and easily deployable to different kinds of devices.

Mikko Raatikainen

Papers

What are Hackathons for

Software product lines and variability modeling: A tertiary study

Ecology and ecological genetics of Philaenus spumarìus (L.) (Homoptera).

The Role of Platform Boundary Resources in Software Ecosystems: A Case Study

Social devices: collaborative co-located interactions in a mobile cloud