Milada Anna Vachudova

TL;DR: The CHES trend file as discussed by the authors contains measures of national party positioning on European integration, ideology and several European Union (EU) and non-EU policies for 1999−2010, and explores basic trends on party positioning since 1999.

TL;DR: The authors analyzes how an enlarging EU has facilitated a convergence toward liberal democracy among credible future members of the EU in Central and Eastern Europe, revealing how variations in domestic competition put democratizing states on different political trajectories after 1989, and how the EU's leverage eventually influenced domestic politics in liberal and particularly illiberal democracies.

TL;DR: In this article, the variation of anti-corruption and anti-elite saliency in party positioning across Europe was studied. And it was shown that while anticorruption salience is primarily related to the (regional) context in which a party operates, anti-ELite salience was primarily a function of party ideology, and extreme left and extreme conservative (TAN) parties are significantly more likely to emphasize antielite views.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors report on the 2002 and 2006 Chapel Hill expert surveys (CHES), which measure national party positioning on European integration, ideology, and several European Union (EU) and non-EU policies.

TL;DR: In previous rounds of EU enlargement, patterns of asymmetrical interdependence dictate that the applicants compromise more on the margin, contributing to a subjective sense of loss among those countries (the applicants) that benefit most as mentioned in this paper.