This book is written as a reference on organic substances in natural waters and as a supplementary text for graduate students in water chemistry. The chapters address five topics: amount, origin, nature, geochemistry, and characterization of organic carbon. Of these topics, the main themes are the amount and nature of dissolved organic carbon in natural waters (mainly fresh water, although seawater is briefly discussed). It is hoped that the reader is familiar with organic chemistry, but it is not necessary. The first part of the book is a general overview of the amount and general nature of dissolved organic carbon. Over the past 10 years there has been an exponential increase in knowledge on organic substances in water, which is the result of money directed toward the research of organic compounds, of new methods of analysis (such as gas chromatography and mass spectrometry), and most importantly, the result of more people working in this field. Because of this exponential increase in knowledge, there is a need to pull together and summarize the data that has accumulated from many disciplines over the last decade.

Organic geochemistry of natural waters

Soil-water equilibrium data suggest that the transfer of nonionic chemicals from water to soil may be described in terms of a hypothesis of solute partitioning in the soil organic matter. This concept allows estimation of soil-water distribution coefficients either from solvent-water partition coefficients or aqueous solubilities.

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/206/4420/831.full.pdf

A Physical Concept of Soil-Water Equilibria for Nonionic Organic Compounds

http://directory.umm.ac.id/Data%20Elmu/jurnal/O/Organic%20Geochemistry/Vol31.Issue7-8.2000/9911.pdf

The role of DOM sorption to mineral surfaces in the preservation of organic matter in soils.

Other methods and guidelines not included in this publication 
may be judged to be appropriate in testing chemicals in certain 
scientifi c, legal, and administrative contexts.The OECD Council Decision on Mutual Acceptance of Data 
(12th May 1981; C[81]30) affi rms that data generated in one 
country in accordance with the OECD Test Guidelines – and additionally in accordance with the OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice – should be accepted in OECD countries for purposes 
of assessment and other uses relating to protection of man and the 
environment. The full text of this Decision and the OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice may be found in the Appendix 
to the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals.

OECD guidelines for testing of chemicals

VOLUME I Introduction The Incentive Physical-Chemical Properties Experimental Methods Quantitative Structure-Property Relationships (QSPRs) Mass Balance Models of Chemical Fate Data Sources and Presentation Illustrative QSPR Plots and Fate Calculations References Aliphatic and Cyclic Hydrocarbons Lists of Chemicals and Data Compilations Summary Tables and QSPR plots References Mononuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons Lists of Chemicals and Data Compilations Summary Tables and QSPR plots References Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Related Aromatic Hydrocarbons Lists of Chemicals and Data Compilations Summary Tables and QSPR plots References VOLUME II * Halogenated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons Chlorobenzenes and Other Halogenated Mononuclear Aromatics Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Chlorinated Dibenzop-dioxins Chlorinated Dibenzofurans VOLUME III * Ethers Alcohols Aldehydes and Ketones Carboxylic Acids Phenolic Compounds Esters VOLUME IV Nitrogen and Sulfur Compounds Lists of Chemicals and Data Compilations Summary Tables References Herbicides Lists of Chemicals and Data Compilations Summary Tables References Insecticides Lists of Chemicals and Data Compilations Summary Tables References Fungicides Lists of Chemicals and Data Compilations Summary Tables References APPENDICES List of Symbols and Abbreviations Alphabetical Index CAS Registry Index Molecular Formula Index * Each chapter contains lists of chemicals and data compilations, summary tables, QSPR plots, and references

Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals

National Academy of Sciences “Petroleum in the Marine Environment”; Washington, DC, 1975. Blumer, M.; Sass, J. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 1972, 3, 92-4. Clark, R. C.; Macled, W. In “Effects of Petroleum in Arctic and Sub-Arctic Environments”; Malins, Ed.; Academic Press, London, 1977; Vol. I, pp 91-199. Van Vleet, E.; Quinn, J. Enuiron. Sci. Technol. 1977,11, 1086-92. Van Vleet, E.; Quinn, J. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 1978,35, 5, 536-43. Williams, P. J. LeB NERC final report GR3/1812,1976. Baker, J. M. In “Proceedings Joint Conference on Prevention and Control of Oil Spills”; API: Washington, DC,

Partitioning of organic compounds in octanol-water systems

In dealing with the passive transport of organic contaminants from soils to plants (including crops), a partition-limited model is proposed in which (i) the maximum (equilibrium) concentration of a contaminant in any location in the plant is determined by partition equilibrium with its concentration in the soil interstitial water, which in turn is determined essentially by the concentration in the soil organic matter (SOM) and (ii) the extent of approach to partition equilibrium, as measured by the ratio of the contaminant concentrations in plant water and soil interstitial water, αpt (≤ 1), depends on the transport rate of the contaminant in soil water into the plant and the volume of soil water solution that is required for the plant contaminant level to reach equilibrium with the external soil-water phase. Through reasonable estimates of plant organic-water compositions and of contaminant partition coefficients with various plant components, the model accounts for calculated values of αpt in several pu...

A Partition-Limited Model for the Plant Uptake of Organic Contaminants from Soil and Water

Application of the Polanyi adsorption potential theory to adsorption from solution on activated carbon

Vapor sorption isotherms of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGME) at room temperature and isotherms of N[sub 2] gas at liquid nitrogen temperature were determined for various soils and minerals. The N[sub 2] monolayer capacities [Q[sub m](N[sub 2])] were calculated from the BET equation and used to determine the surface areas. To examine whether EGME is an appropriate adsorbate for determination of surface areas, the apparent EGME monolayer capacities [Q[sub m](EGME)[sub ap]] were also obtained by use of the BET equation. For sand, aluminum oxide, kaolinite, hematite, and synthetic hydrous iron oxide, which are relatively free of organic impurity and expanding/solvating minerals, the Q[sub m] (EGME)[sub ap] values are in good conformity with the corresponding Q[sub m] (N[sub 2]) values and would give surface areas consistent with BET (N[sub 2]) values. For other samples (Woodburn soil, a natural hydrous iron oxide, illite, and montmorillonite), the Q[sub m] (EGME)[sub ap] values overestimate the Q[sub m] (N[sub 2]) values from a moderate to a large extent, depending on the sample. A high-organic-content peat shows a very small BET (N[sub 2]) surface area; the EGME/peat isotherm is linear and does not yield a calculation of the surface area. Large discrepancies between results of themore » two methods for some samples are attributed to the high solubility of polar EGME in soil organic matter and/or to the cation solvation of EGME with solvating clays. The agreement for other samples is illustrative of the consistency of the BET method when different adsorbates are used, so long as they do not exhibit bulk penetration and/or cation solvation. 26 refs., 7 figs., 2 tabs.« less

Sorption of N2 and EGME vapors on some soils, clays, and mineral oxides and determination of sample surface areas by use of sorption data

Application of the Polanyi adsorption potential theory to adsorption from solution on activated carbon. III. Adsorption of miscible organic liquids from water solution

Milton Manes

Papers

Partitioning of organic compounds in octanol-water systems

A Partition-Limited Model for the Plant Uptake of Organic Contaminants from Soil and Water

Application of the Polanyi adsorption potential theory to adsorption from solution on activated carbon

Sorption of N2 and EGME vapors on some soils, clays, and mineral oxides and determination of sample surface areas by use of sorption data

Application of the Polanyi adsorption potential theory to adsorption from solution on activated carbon. III. Adsorption of miscible organic liquids from water solution