The design and development of wearable biosensor systems for health monitoring has garnered lots of attention in the scientific community and the industry during the last years. Mainly motivated by increasing healthcare costs and propelled by recent technological advances in miniature biosensing devices, smart textiles, microelectronics, and wireless communications, the continuous advance of wearable sensor-based systems will potentially transform the future of healthcare by enabling proactive personal health management and ubiquitous monitoring of a patient's health condition. These systems can comprise various types of small physiological sensors, transmission modules and processing capabilities, and can thus facilitate low-cost wearable unobtrusive solutions for continuous all-day and any-place health, mental and activity status monitoring. This paper attempts to comprehensively review the current research and development on wearable biosensor systems for health monitoring. A variety of system implementations are compared in an approach to identify the technological shortcomings of the current state-of-the-art in wearable biosensor solutions. An emphasis is given to multiparameter physiological sensing system designs, providing reliable vital signs measurements and incorporating real-time decision support for early detection of symptoms or context awareness. In order to evaluate the maturity level of the top current achievements in wearable health-monitoring systems, a set of significant features, that best describe the functionality and the characteristics of the systems, has been selected to derive a thorough study. The aim of this survey is not to criticize, but to serve as a reference for researchers and developers in this scientific area and to provide direction for future research improvements.

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A Survey on Wearable Sensor-Based Systems for Health Monitoring and Prognosis

http://www.123seminarsonly.com/Seminar-Reports/015/53603449-zigbee.pdf

Wireless sensor networks: A survey on the state of the art and the 802.15.4 and ZigBee standards

Wireless power technology offers the promise of cutting the last cord, allowing users to seamlessly recharge mobile devices as easily as data are transmitted through the air. Initial work on the use of magnetically coupled resonators for this purpose has shown promising results. We present new analysis that yields critical insight into the design of practical systems, including the introduction of key figures of merit that can be used to compare systems with vastly different geometries and operating conditions. A circuit model is presented along with a derivation of key system concepts, such as frequency splitting, the maximum operating distance (critical coupling), and the behavior of the system as it becomes undercoupled. This theoretical model is validated against measured data and shows an excellent average coefficient of determination of 0.9875. An adaptive frequency tuning technique is demonstrated, which compensates for efficiency variations encountered when the transmitter-to-receiver distance and/or orientation are varied. The method demonstrated in this paper allows a fixed-load receiver to be moved to nearly any position and/or orientation within the range of the transmitter and still achieve a near-constant efficiency of over 70% for a range of 0-70 cm.

/pdf/analysis-experimental-results-and-range-adaptation-of-2xhdldcpe3.pdf

Analysis, Experimental Results, and Range Adaptation of Magnetically Coupled Resonators for Wireless Power Transfer

This document provides updates to IEEE Std 802.16's MIB for the MAC, PHY and asso- ciated management procedures in order to accommodate recent extensions to the standard.

IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems Draft Amendment: Management Information Base Extensions

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) represent complex distributed systems that comprise wireless mobile nodes that can freely and dynamically self-organize into arbitrary and temporary, ‘‘ad-hoc’’ network topologies, allowing people and devices to seamlessly internetwork in areas with no pre-existing communication infrastructure, e.g., disaster recovery environments. Ad hoc networking concept is not a new one, having been around in various forms for over 20 years. Traditionally, tactical networks have been the only communication networking application that followed the ad hoc paradigm. Recently, the introduction of new technologies such as the Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11 and Hyperlan are helping enable eventual commercial MANET deployments outside the military domain. These recent evolutions have been generating a renewed and growing interest in the research and development of MANET. This paper attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of this dynamic field. It first explains the important role that mobile ad hoc networks play in the evolution of future wireless technologies. Then, it reviews the latest research activities in these areas, including a summary of MANETs characteristics, capabilities, applications, and design constraints. The paper concludes by presenting a set of challenges and problems requiring further research in the future. � 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

/pdf/mobile-ad-hoc-networking-imperatives-and-challenges-56mord86q0.pdf

Mobile ad hoc networking: imperatives and challenges

INTRODUCTION Opportunities and Challenges in Wireless Sensor Networks, M. Haenggi, Next Generation Technologies to Enable Sensor Networks, J. I. Goodman, A. I. Reuther, and D. R. Martinez Sensor Networks Management, L. B. Ruiz, J. M. Nogueira, and A. A. F. Loureiro Models for Programmability in Sensor Networks, A. Boulis Miniaturizing Sensor Networks with MEMS, Brett Warneke A Taxonomy of Routing Techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks, J. N. Al-Karaki and A. E. Kamal Artificial Perceptual Systems, A. Loutfi, M. Lindquist, and P. Wide APPLICATIONS Sensor Network Architecture and Applications, C. Shen, C. Jaikaeo, and C. Srisathapornphat, A Practical Perspective on Wireless Sensor Networks, Q. Wang, H. Hassanein, and K. Xu, Introduction to Industrial Sensor Networking, M. Sveda, P. Benes, R. Vrba, and F. Zezulka, A Sensor Networks for Biological Data Acquisition, T. Small, Z. J. Haas, A. Purgue, and K. Fristrup ARCHITECTURE Sensor Network Architecture, J. Feng, F. Koushanfar, and M. Potkonjak Tiered Architectures in Sensor Networks, M. Yarvis and W. Ye Energy Efficient Topologies for Wireless Sensor Networks, A. Salheih and L. Schwiebert, Architecture and Modeling of Dynamic Sensor Networks, S. Papavassiliou, and J. Zhu PROTOCOLS Overview of Communication Protocols for Sensor Networks, W. Su, E. Cayirci, and O. B. Akan A Communication Architecture and Programming Abstraction for Real - Time Embedded Sensor Networks, T. Abdelzaher, J. Stankovic, S. Son, B. Blum, T. He, A. Wood, and C. Lu, A Comparative Study of Energy Efficient (E2) Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks, Q. Wang, and H. Hassanein TRACKING TECHNIQUES Coverage in Wireless Sensor Networks, M. Cardei, and J. Wu Location Management in Wireless Sensor Networks, J. Beutel, Positioning and Tracking in Wireless Sensor Networks, Y. C. Tseng, C. F. Huang, and S. P. Kuo Tracking Techniques in Air Vehicle Based Decentralized Sensor Networks, M. Ridley, L. L. Ong, E. Nettleton, and S. Sukkarieh, A DATA GATHERING AND PROCESSING Fundamental Protocols to Gather Information on Wireless Sensor Networks, J. Bordim, and K. Nakano Comparison of Data Processing Techniques in Sensor Networks, V. Gonzalez, and E. Sanchis On Computational and Networking Problems in Distributed Sensor Networks, Q. Wu, N. S. V. Rao, R. R. Brooks, S. S. Iyengar, and M. Zhu Cooperative Computing in Sensor Networks, L. Iftode, C. Borcea, and P. Kang ENERGY MANAGEMENT Dynamic Power Management in Sensor Networks, A. Sinha and A. Chandrakasan Design Challenges in Energy Efficient Medium Access Control for Wireless Sensor Networks, D. Dewasurendra, A. Mishra Techniques to Reduce Computation and Communication Energy in Wireless Sensor Networks, V. Swaminathan, Y. Zou, and K. Chakrabarty Energy Aware Routing and Data Funneling in Sensor Networks, R. C. Shah, D. Petrovic, and Jan M. Rabaey SECURITY, RELIABILITY AND FAULT-TOLERANCE Security and privacy Protection in Wireless Sensor Networks, S. Slijepcevic, J. L. Wong, and M. Potkonjak A Taxonomy for Denial-of-Service Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks, A. D. Wood, and J. A. Stankovic Reliability Support in Sensor Networks, A. Lim Reliable Energy-Constrained Routing in Sensor Networks, R. Kannan, L. Ray, and S. S. Iyenger Fault-Tolerant Interval Estimation in Sensor Networks, Y. Zhu, B. Li, and Z. You Fault-Tolerance in Wireless Sensor Networks, F. Koushanfar, M. Potkanjak, and A. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli PERFORMANCE AND DESIGN ASPECTS Low Power Design for Smart Dust Networks, Z. Karakehayou Energy Efficient Design for Distributed Sensor Networks, L. Yuan and G. Qu Wireless Sensor Networks and Computational Geometry, X. Y. Li, and Y. Wang Localized Algorithms for Sensor Networks, J. Feng, F. Koushanfar, and M. Potkonjak

Handbook of Sensor Networks: Compact Wireless and Wired Sensing Systems

INTRODUCTION Body, Personal, and Local Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Marco Conti Multicasting Techniques in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Xiao Chen and Jie Wu Quality of Service in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Satyabrata Chakrabarti, and Amitabh Mishra Power-Conservative Designs in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Yu-Chee Tseng and Ting-Yu Lin Performance Analysis of Wireless Ad Hoc Networks, Anurag Kumar and Aditya Karnik WIRELESS TRANSMISSION TECHNIQUES Coding for the Wireless Channel, Ezio Biglieri Unicast Routing Techniques for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Roberto Beraldi and Roberto Baldoni Satellite Communications, Matthew Sadiku WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AND PROTOCOLS Wireless Communication Protocols, Pascal Lorenz An Integrated Platform for Ad Hoc GSM Cellular Communications, George N. Aggelou IEEE 802.11 and Bluetooth: An Architectural Overview, Sal Yazbeck ROUTING TECHNIQUES IN AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORKS - PART I Position-Based Routing in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Jorg Widmer, Martin Mauve, Hannes Hartenstein, and Holger Fubler Structured Proactive and Reactive Routing for Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Ahmed Safwat, Hossam Hassanein, and Hussein Mouftah Hybrid Routing: The Pursuit of an Adaptable and Scalable Routing Framework for Ad Hoc Networks, Prince Samar, Marc R. Pearlman, and Zygmunt Haas ROUTING TECHNIQUES IN AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORKS - PART II Adaptive Routing in Ad Hoc Networks, Yantai Shu, Oliver Yang, and Lei Wang Position Based Ad Hoc Routes in Ad Hoc Networks, Silvia Giordano and Ivan Stojmenovic Route Discovery Optimization Techniques in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Boon-Chong Seet, Bu-Sung Lee, and Chiew-Tong Lau APPLICATIONS OF AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORKS Location-Aware Routing and Applications in Mobile Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Yu-Chee Tseng and Chih-Sun Hsu Mobility Over TCP/IP, Jose Ferreira de Rezende, Michele Lima, and Nelson Fonseca An Intelligent On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol in Ad Hoc Networks, Kuochen Wang and Chaou-Tang Chang GPS-based Reliable Routing Algorithms in Ad Hoc Networks, Young-Joo Suh, Won-Ik Kim, and Dong-Hee Kwon POWER MANAGEMENT IN AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORKS Power-Aware Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Ahmed Safwat, Hossam Hassanein, and Hussein Mouftah Energy Efficient Multicast in Ad Hoc Networks, Hee Yong Youn, Chansu Yu, Ben Lee, and Sangman Moh Energy-Conserving Grid Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Jang-Ping Sheu, Cheng-Ta Hu, and Chi-Min Chao Routing Algorithms for Balanced Energy Consumption in Ad Hoc Networks, Hee Yong Youn, Chansu Yu, and Ben Lee CONNECTION AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT IN AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORKS An Efficient Resource Discovery Algorithm for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks, Jiangchuan Liu, Kazem Sohraby, Qian Zhang, and Bo Li An Integrated Platform for Quality-of-Service Support in Mobile Multimedia Clustered Ad Hoc Networks, George N. Aggelou Quality of Service Models for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Xiao Hannan, Chua Kee Chaing, and Seah Winston Scheduling of Broadcasts in Multihop Wireless Networks, Jang-Ping Sheu, Pei-Kai Hung, and Chih-Shun Hsu SECURITY AND PRIVACY ASPECTS IN AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORKS Security in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks - A Survey, Amitabh Mishra and Ketan M. Nadkarni Securing Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Panagiotis Papadimitratos and Zygmunt Haas Security Issues in Ad Hoc Networks, Dan Zhou

The handbook of ad hoc wireless networks

OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS Martin Haenggi Introduction Opportunities Technical Challenges Concluding Remarks NEXT-GENERATION TECHNOLOGIES TO ENABLE SENSOR NETWORKS Joel I. Goodman, Albert I. Reuther and David R. Martinez Introduction Goals for Real-Time Distributed Network Computing for Sensor Data Fusion The Convergence of Networking and Real-Time Computing Middleware Network Resource Management Experimental Results SENSOR NETWORK MANAGEMENT Linnyer Beatrys Ruiz, Jose Marcos Nogueira, and Antonio A.F. Loureiro Introduction Management Challenges Management Dimensions MANNA as an Integrating Architecture Putting It All Together Conclusion MODELS FOR PROGRAMMABILITY IN SENSOR NETWORKS Athanassios Boulis Introduction Differences between Sensor Networks and Traditional Data Networks Aspects of Efficient Sensor Network Applications Need for Sensor Network Programmability Major Models for System-Level Programmability Frameworks for System-Level Programmability Conclusions MINIATURIZING SENSOR NETWORKS WITH MEMS Brett Warneke Introduction MEMS Basics Sensors Communication Micropower Sources Packaging Systems Conclusion SENSOR NETWORK ARCHITECTURE AND APPLICATIONS Chien-Chung Shen, Chaiporn Jaikaeo, and Chavalit Srisathapornphat Introduction Sensor Network Applications Functional Architecture for Sensor Networks Sample Implementation Architectures Summary A PRACTICAL PERSPECTIVE ON WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS Quanhong Wang, Hossam Hassanein, and Kenan Xu Introduction WSN Applications Classification of WSNs Characteristics, Technical Challenges, and Design Directions Technical Approaches Conclusions and Considerations for Future Research SENSOR NETWORK ARCHITECTURE Jessica Feng, Farinaz Koushanfar, and Miodrag Potkonjak Overview Motivation and Objectives SNs - Global View and Requirements Individual Components of SN Nodes Sensor Network Node Wireless SNs as Embedded Systems Summary POWER-EFFICIENT TOPOLOGIES FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS Ayad Salhieh and Loren Schwiebert Motivation Background Issues for Topology Design Assumptions Analysis of Power Usage Directional Source-Aware Routing Protocol (DSAP) DSAP Analysis Summary OVERVIEW OF COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS FOR SENSOR NETWORKS Weilian Su, Erdal Cayirci, and Ozgur B. Akan Introduction Applications/Application Layer Protocols Localization Protocols Time Synchronization Protocols Transport Layer Protocols Network Layer Protocols Data Link Layer Protocols Conclusion POSITIONING AND LOCATION TRACKING IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS Yu-Chee Tseng, Chi-Fu Huang, and Sheng-Po Kuo Introduction Fundamentals Positioning and Location Tracking Algorithms Experimental Location Systems Conclusions COMPARISON OF DATA PROCESSING TECHNIQUES IN SENSOR NETWORKS Vicente Gonzalez-Millan, and Enrique Sanchis-Peris Sensor Networks: Organization and Processing Architectures for Sensor Integration Example of Architecture Evaluation in High-Energy Physics COOPERATIVE COMPUTING IN SENSOR NETWORKS Liviu Iftode, Cristian Borcea, and Porlin Kang Introduction The Cooperative Computing Model Node Architecture Smart Messages Programming Interface Prototype Implementation and Evaluation Applications Simulation Results Related Work Conclusions DYNAMIC POWER MANAGEMENT IN SENSOR NETWORKS Amit Sinha and Anantha Chandrakasan Introduction Idle Power Management Active Power Management System Implementation Results DESIGN CHALLENGES IN ENERGY-EFFICIENT MEDIUM ACCESS CONTROL FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS Duminda Dewasurendra and Amitabh Mishra Introduction Unique Characteristics of Wireless Sensor Networks MAC Protocols for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Design Challenges for Wireless Sensor Networks Medium Access Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks Open Issues Conclusions SECURITY AND PRIVACY PROTECTION IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS Sasha Slijepcevic, Jennifer L. Wong and Miodrag Potkonjak Introduction Unique Security Challenges in Sensor Networks and Enabling Mechanisms Security Architectures Privacy Protection Conclusion LOW-POWER DESIGN FOR SMART DUST NETWORKS Zdravko Karakehayov Introduction Location Sensing Computation Hardware-Software Interaction Communication Orientation Conclusion INDEX

Smart Dust

Secure and efficient key management in mobile ad hoc networks

Physics and Geometry of RFID M. Mickle, L. Mats, and P. Hawrylak EPCglobal Network A. R. Grasso Design Automation for RFID Tags and Systems S. Dontharaju, S. Tung, J. T. Cain, M. H. Mickle, A. K. Jones, and R. R. Hoare Far Field Tag Antenna Design Methodology D. C. Ranasinghe and P. H. Cole Contemporary RFID Reader Architecture B.Jamali and P. H. Cole Progress in RFID Education B. J. Garner TECHNOLOGY RFID Reader Synchronization K. S. Leong, M. L. Ng, A. R. Grasso, and P. H. Cole Adaptive Tag Anti Collision Protocols for RFID Passive Tags J. Myung, W. Lee, and T. K. Shih Comparative Performance Analysis of Anti-Collision Algorithms in RFID Networks W. Lee, J. Choi, and D. Lee Maximizing Read Accuracy by Optimally Locating RFID Interrogators L. Wang, B. A. Norman, and J. Rajgopal Minimum Energy/Power Considerations A. K. Jones, G. J. Dhanabalan, S. Dontharaju, S. Tung, P. J. Hawrylak, L. Mats, M. H. Mickle, and J. T. Cain Electomagnetic Coupling in RFID P. H. Cole and D. C. Ranasinghe RFID Tags for Metallic Object Identification M. Leng Ng, K. S. Leong, and P. H. Cole WISP: A Passively Powered UHF RFID Tag with Sensing and Computation D. J. Yeager, A. P. Sample, and J. R. Smith APPLICATIONS From Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC) to "Smart Business Process": Preparing for a Pilot Integrating RFID S. F. Wamba, E. Lefebvre, Y. Bendavid, and L. A. Lefebvre Technological Requirements and Derived Benefits from RFID Enabled receiving in a Supply Chain H. Boeck, L-A. Lefebvre, and, E. Lefebvre A Prototype on RFID and Sensor Networks for Elder Health Care M. Moh, L. Ho, Z. Walker, and T-S. Moh Triage with RFID tags for Massive Incidents S. Inoue, A. Sonoda, and H. Yasuura RFID Tagging and the Design of "Place" A. P. Mathew Photosensing RFID Tags for Precise Location and Geometry Queries R.Raskar, P.Beardsley, P. Dietz, and J. van Baar RFID and NFC on Mobile Phones P.Coulton, O. Rashid, and R. Edwards, Applying RFID Techniques for the Next-Generation Automotive Services P. Harliman, J. G. Lee, K. J. Jo, and S. W. Kim Application of RFID Technologies for Communication Robots M. Shiomi, T. Kanda, N. Hagita, and Hiroshi Ishiguro Browsing the World with RFID Tags A. Rosi, M. Mamei, and F. Zambonelli RFID-Enabled Pr ivacy-Preserving Video Surveillance: A Case Study J. Wickramasuriya, S. Mehrotra, and N. Venkatasubramanian SECURITY AND PRIVACY Is RFID technology Secure and Private? S. jeh Privacy and Personal Information Protection in RFID Systems Y. Nohara, K. Baba, S. Inoue, and H. Yasuura Multilateral Approaches for Reliable Mobile RFID Service Systems N. Park and D. Won ONS Security B. Fabian, O. Gunther, and S. Spiekermann Practical Steps for Securing RFID Systems T. Karygiannis, B. Eydt, and T.Phillips Lightweight Cryptography for Low Cost RFID: A New Direction in Cryptography D. C. Ranasinghe Raja Ghosal, Alfio Grasso, and Peter H. Cole Low Overheard RFID Security S. Dolev, M. Kopeetsky, T. Clouser, and M. Nesterenko Layers of Security for Active RFID Tags S. Tung, S. Dontharaju, L. Mats, P. J. Hawrylak, J. T. Cain, M. H. Mickle, and A. K. Jones Cryptographic Approaches to RFID Security and Privacy K. Suzuki, S. Kinoshita, and M. Ohkubo RFID Authentication: Reconciling Anonymity and Availability Breno de Medeiros and Michael V. D. Burmester Security and Privacy of RFID for Biomedical Applications: A Survey E. Stuart, M. Moh, and T-S. Moh

Mohammad Ilyas

Papers

Handbook of Sensor Networks: Compact Wireless and Wired Sensing Systems

The handbook of ad hoc wireless networks

Smart Dust

Secure and efficient key management in mobile ad hoc networks

RFID Handbook: Applications, Technology, Security, and Privacy