ACE
: angiotensin-converting enzyme
ACS
: acute coronary syndrome
ADP
: adenosine diphosphate
AF
: atrial fibrillation
AMI
: acute myocardial infarction
AV
: atrioventricular
AIDA-4
: Abciximab Intracoronary vs. intravenously Drug Application
APACHE II
: Acute Physiology Aand Chronic

/pdf/esc-guidelines-for-the-management-of-acute-myocardial-vy5rt9aiqe.pdf

ESC Guidelines for the Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients Presenting With ST-Segment Elevation

WRITING GROUP MEMBERS Emelia J. Benjamin, MD, SCM, FAHA Michael J. Blaha, MD, MPH Stephanie E. Chiuve, ScD Mary Cushman, MD, MSc, FAHA Sandeep R. Das, MD, MPH, FAHA Rajat Deo, MD, MTR Sarah D. de Ferranti, MD, MPH James Floyd, MD, MS Myriam Fornage, PhD, FAHA Cathleen Gillespie, MS Carmen R. Isasi, MD, PhD, FAHA Monik C. Jiménez, ScD, SM Lori Chaffin Jordan, MD, PhD Suzanne E. Judd, PhD Daniel Lackland, DrPH, FAHA Judith H. Lichtman, PhD, MPH, FAHA Lynda Lisabeth, PhD, MPH, FAHA Simin Liu, MD, ScD, FAHA Chris T. Longenecker, MD Rachel H. Mackey, PhD, MPH, FAHA Kunihiro Matsushita, MD, PhD, FAHA Dariush Mozaffarian, MD, DrPH, FAHA Michael E. Mussolino, PhD, FAHA Khurram Nasir, MD, MPH, FAHA Robert W. Neumar, MD, PhD, FAHA Latha Palaniappan, MD, MS, FAHA Dilip K. Pandey, MBBS, MS, PhD, FAHA Ravi R. Thiagarajan, MD, MPH Mathew J. Reeves, PhD Matthew Ritchey, PT, DPT, OCS, MPH Carlos J. Rodriguez, MD, MPH, FAHA Gregory A. Roth, MD, MPH Wayne D. Rosamond, PhD, FAHA Comilla Sasson, MD, PhD, FAHA Amytis Towfighi, MD Connie W. Tsao, MD, MPH Melanie B. Turner, MPH Salim S. Virani, MD, PhD, FAHA Jenifer H. Voeks, PhD Joshua Z. Willey, MD, MS John T. Wilkins, MD Jason HY. Wu, MSc, PhD, FAHA Heather M. Alger, PhD Sally S. Wong, PhD, RD, CDN, FAHA Paul Muntner, PhD, MHSc On behalf of the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2017 Update

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Author(s): Writing Group Members; Mozaffarian, Dariush; Benjamin, Emelia J; Go, Alan S; Arnett, Donna K; Blaha, Michael J; Cushman, Mary; Das, Sandeep R; de Ferranti, Sarah; Despres, Jean-Pierre; Fullerton, Heather J; Howard, Virginia J; Huffman, Mark D; Isasi, Carmen R; Jimenez, Monik C; Judd, Suzanne E; Kissela, Brett M; Lichtman, Judith H; Lisabeth, Lynda D; Liu, Simin; Mackey, Rachel H; Magid, David J; McGuire, Darren K; Mohler, Emile R; Moy, Claudia S; Muntner, Paul; Mussolino, Michael E; Nasir, Khurram; Neumar, Robert W; Nichol, Graham; Palaniappan, Latha; Pandey, Dilip K; Reeves, Mathew J; Rodriguez, Carlos J; Rosamond, Wayne; Sorlie, Paul D; Stein, Joel; Towfighi, Amytis; Turan, Tanya N; Virani, Salim S; Woo, Daniel; Yeh, Robert W; Turner, Melanie B; American Heart Association Statistics Committee; Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Author(s): Go, Alan S; Mozaffarian, Dariush; Roger, Veronique L; Benjamin, Emelia J; Berry, Jarett D; Borden, William B; Bravata, Dawn M; Dai, Shifan; Ford, Earl S; Fox, Caroline S; Franco, Sheila; Fullerton, Heather J; Gillespie, Cathleen; Hailpern, Susan M; Heit, John A; Howard, Virginia J; Huffman, Mark D; Kissela, Brett M; Kittner, Steven J; Lackland, Daniel T; Lichtman, Judith H; Lisabeth, Lynda D; Magid, David; Marcus, Gregory M; Marelli, Ariane; Matchar, David B; McGuire, Darren K; Mohler, Emile R; Moy, Claudia S; Mussolino, Michael E; Nichol, Graham; Paynter, Nina P; Schreiner, Pamela J; Sorlie, Paul D; Stein, Joel; Turan, Tanya N; Virani, Salim S; Wong, Nathan D; Woo, Daniel; Turner, Melanie B; American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2013 Update A Report From the American Heart Association

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .e3

1. About These Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .e7

2. American Heart Association's 2020 Impact Goals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .e10

3. Cardiovascular Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .e21

4. Subclinical Atherosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .e45

5. Coronary Heart Disease, Acute Coronary Syndrome, and Angina Pectoris . . . . . . . . .e54

6. Stroke (Cerebrovascular Disease) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .e68

7. High Blood Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .e88

8. Congenital Cardiovascular Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .e97

9. Cardiomyopathy and Heart Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .e102

10. Disorders …

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2012 Update A Report From the American Heart Association

BACKGROUND The safety and efficacy of selective fast versus slow pathway ablation using radiofrequency energy and a transcatheter technique in patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) were evaluated.

METHODS AND RESULTS Forty-nine consecutive patients with symptomatic AVNRT were included. There were 37 women and 12 men (mean age, 43 +/- 20 years). The first 16 patients underwent a fast pathway ablation with radiofrequency current applied in the anterior/superior aspect of the tricuspid annulus. The remaining 33 patients initially had their slow pathway targeted at the posterior/inferior aspect of the right interatrial septum. The fast pathway was successfully ablated in the initial 16 patients and in three additional patients after an unsuccessful slow pathway ablation. A mean of 10 +/- 8 radiofrequency pulses were delivered; the last (successful) pulse was at a power of 24 +/- 7 W for a duration of 22 +/- 15 seconds. Four of these 19 patients developed complete atrioventricular (AV) block. In the remaining 15 patients, the post-ablation atrio-His intervals prolonged from 89 +/- 30 to 138 +/- 43 msec (p less than 0.001), whereas the shortest 1:1 AV conduction and effective refractory period of the AV node remained unchanged. Ten patients lost their ventriculoatrial (VA) conduction, and the other five had a significant prolongation of the shortest cycle length of 1:1 VA conduction (280 +/- 35 versus 468 +/- 30 msec, p less than 0.0001). Slow pathway ablation was attempted initially in 33 patients and in another two who developed uncommon AVNRT after successful fast pathway ablation. Of these 35 patients, 32 had no AVNRT inducible after 6 +/- 4 radiofrequency pulses with the last (successful) pulse given at a power of 36 +/- 12 W for a duration of 35 +/- 15 seconds. After successful slow pathway ablation, the shortest cycle length of 1:1 AV conduction prolonged from 295 +/- 44 to 332 +/- 66 msec (p less than 0.0005), the AV nodal effective refractory period increased from 232 +/- 36 to 281 +/- 61 msec (p less than 0.0001), and the atrio-His interval as well as the shortest cycle length of 1:1 VA conduction remained unchanged. No patients developed AV block. Among the last 33 patients who underwent a slow pathway ablation as the initial attempt and a fast pathway ablation only when the former failed, 32 (97%) had successful AVNRT abolition with intact AV conduction. During a mean follow-up of 6.5 +/- 3.0 months, none of the 49 patients had recurrent tachycardia. Forty patients had repeat electrophysiological studies 4-8 weeks after their successful ablation, and AVNRT could not be induced in 39 patients.

CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that both fast and slow pathways can be selectively ablated for control of AVNRT: Slow pathway ablation, however, by obviating the risk of AV block, appears to be safer and should be considered as the first approach.

Selective transcatheter ablation of the fast and slow pathways using radiofrequency energy in patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia

Study Objective:To assess survival after insertion of automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillators in high-risk patients who have malignant ventricular arrhythmias and left ventricula...

Automatic Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators and Survival of Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmias

Background The efficacy of permanent cardiac pacing in patients with neurocardiogenic (or vasovagal) syncope associated with bradycardia or asystole is not clear. We compared the efficacy of cardiac pacing with that of oral drug therapy in the prevention of hypotension and syncope during head-up tilt testing. Methods Among 70 patients with a history of syncope in whom hypotension and syncope could be provoked during head-up tilt testing, 22 had bradycardia (a heart rate <60 beats per minute, with a decline in the rate by at least 20 beats per minute) or asystole along with hypotension during testing. There were 9 men and 13 women, with a mean (±SD) age of 41 ±17 years. Head-up tilt testing was repeated during atrioventricular sequential pacing (in 20 patients with sinus rhythm) or ventricular pacing (in 2 patients with atrial fibrillation). Regardless of the results obtained during artificial pacing, all the patients subsequently had upright-tilt testing repeated during therapy with oral metroprolol, theo...

Comparison of Cardiac Pacing with Drug Therapy in the Treatment of Neurocardiogenic (Vasovagal) Syncope with Bradycardia or Asystole

Sustained Bundle Branch Reentrant Tachycardia introduction: The clinical, electrophysiologic features and follow-up of 48 patients with inducible bundle branch reentrant (BBR) tachycardia are presented



Methods and Results: Forty-eight patients were identified in whom a diagnosis of BBR tachycardia was made during electrophysiologic evaluation The clinical presentation was syncope or sudden death in 38 patients, and sustained palpitations during wide QRS complex tachycardia in 5 patients Electrophysiologic studies were performed in 5 additional patients for various other reasons Structural heart disease was present in 45 patients Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease were the anatomical substrates in 19 (39%) and 24 (50%) patients, respectively, severe aortic regurgitation was present in 2 patients, and no organic heart disease was identified in 3 All 48 patients had evidence of His-Purkinje system disease BBR tachycardia with left and right bundle branch block morphologies was induced in 46 and 5 patients, respectively, and interfascicular BBR tachycardia was initiated in 2 patients Ventricular tachycardia of a myocardial origin was induced in 11 patients Management of BBR tachycardia included transcatheter bundle branch ablation in 28 patients, and antiarrhythmic drug therapy in 16 patients Four patients were treated with implantablc defibrillators After a mean follow-up of 158 months in 42 patients, there were 13 deaths due to congestive heart failure, 4 sudden cardiac deaths, 3 nonsudden cardiac deaths, and 3 noncardiac related deaths



Conclusion: Sustained BBR, a form of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, is a highly malignant arrhythmia usually seen in patients with structural heart disease Three different types of BBR tachycardia are described If distinguished from ventricular tachycardia of a myocardial origin, catheter ablation of the right bundle branch can be easily performed and effectively eliminates BBR During follow-up, congestive heart failure is the most common cause of death in this population

Bundle branch reentrant ventricular tachycardia: cumulative experience in 48 patients.

Objective: To determine the clinical characteristics of subgroups of patients with unexplained syncope having electrophysiologic studies and head-up tilt testing and to assess the efficacy of vario...

Mohammad Jazayeri

Papers

Selective transcatheter ablation of the fast and slow pathways using radiofrequency energy in patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia

Automatic Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators and Survival of Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmias

Comparison of Cardiac Pacing with Drug Therapy in the Treatment of Neurocardiogenic (Vasovagal) Syncope with Bradycardia or Asystole

Bundle branch reentrant ventricular tachycardia: cumulative experience in 48 patients.

Unexplained syncope evaluated by electrophysiologic studies and head-up tilt testing.