Due to the rapid development of the fifth-generation (5G) applications, and increased demand for even faster communication networks, we expected to witness the birth of a new 6G technology within the next ten years. Many references suggested that the 6G wireless network standard may arrive around 2030. Therefore, this paper presents a critical analysis of 5G wireless networks’, significant technological limitations and reviews the anticipated challenges of the 6G communication networks. In this work, we have considered the applications of three of the highly demanding domains, namely: energy, Internet-of-Things (IoT) and machine learning. To this end, we present our vision on how the 6G communication networks should look like to support the applications of these domains. This work presents a thorough review of 370 papers on the application of energy, IoT and machine learning in 5G and 6G from three major libraries: Web of Science, ACM Digital Library, and IEEE Explore. The main contribution of this work is to provide a more comprehensive perspective, challenges, requirements, and context for potential work in the 6G communication standard.

From 5G to 6G Technology: Meets Energy, Internet-of-Things and Machine Learning: A Survey

Enterprise architecture breakthrough for telecommunications transformation: A reconciliation model to solve bankruptcy.

Telecom professionals have a strong interest in the proposition and adaptation of innovate network management models and frameworks to help mobile network operators (MNOs) to improve their business processes and get more agile in the telecoms industry that evolves with great speed. The model being established by the TeleManagement Forum (TM Forum) is the Enhanced Telecom Operations MAP (eTOM) business process framework on which we rely in this work to propose a mapping of the eTOM model onto the network functions virtualization (NFV) framework with the projection of this function mapping onto the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) use case. This mapping covers essentially four main components playing important rules in the MNO's business processes, including customers, services, infrastructure resources, and also service providers. The main goal, thereby, is to design a combined architecture in a virtualized environment for dynamic delivery of services with quality of service (QoS) and improved resource performance so as to meet the purposes of the 5G network in terms of a proposed, virtual telecom environment managed and orchestrated by the conjunction of the aforementioned paradigms. Indeed, we conducted simulations to evaluate part of this function mapping in an IMS setting for static service chain provisioning. Thus, results showed possible provisioning of services in this context in measuring SIP related key performance indicators and performance metrics. Results showed the feasibility of our approach. In addition, resource performance improved obviously in the NFV context in accordance with eTOM business processes.

eTOM Mapping onto NFV Framework: IMS Use Case

Modern telecom operators will have to change their business approach, organization, products development and services development, customer approach and many other important issues if they want to be competitive on the telecom markets in the following years and decades. They will have key roles in this period dubbed the Industry 4.0 era. There are many different models of analysis for telecom operators, but they all have a partial approach to analysis and none of them gives a complete picture of the analysis of telecoms. The Comprehensive Techno-Economic (CTE) model for the analysis of telecom operator potentials is a new and original model for analysis and will significantly help in their transformation processes. This model will enable a quick and easy analysis of the potential of the telecom operator, but also of individual parts of it, regardless of other parts of the company. Despite the fact that the model is easy to define the input data and that it is fast in applying the analysis, it gives precise and mathematically defined results from which one can see the assessment of the potential of telecom or independent assessment of its parts. The main advantages of this model are simplicity, speed of telecom analysis, accuracy of results and its modularity, i.e., independent evaluation of individual parts. Such a model is necessary for telecom operators to achieve fast and reliable potential assessment, analysis, modeling and the easier adaptation of new products and services. This is a unique model with a scientific background and theoretical settings, and it provides practical application in the telecommunication market.

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A Comprehensive Techno-Economic Model for Fast and Reliable Analysis of the Telecom Operator Potentials

New generation networks (NGN) are based on revolutionary aspects in IT and telecom fields. Huge throughput as well as a simplified infrastructure are based on the data center result of virtualization and cloud computing. Nevertheless, a very important question about the management part is always relevant, regardless of QoS management, of business, or of security. The chapter aims to propose a management architecture, which invokes the notion of broker and also of controller to centralize the management of networks and services.

Broker-Controller for NGN Management: A New NGOSS-Based Management Map for New Generation Network

One of the considerable use cases for network functions virtualization (NFV) is the IP multimedia subsystem (IMS). With the emergence of software defined network (SDN) and NFV, the mobile network operators (MNOs) that are deploying the IMS look to make a gain from these leading technologies to mitigate hardware costs and reduce time to market. With the use especially of the NFV approach, the MNO looks for scaling services up and down fast and also reduce costs to align with network usage. In this paper, we give an introduction to a virtualized IMS based telecommunications platform called Telecom Cloud Manager as a virtualized and extended architecture of the 4G/LTE system, being defined by the 3GPP, toward a proposed five generation (5G) paradigm. We intend to migrate all IP switching layers to virtualized entities, including servers and network elements, by using one of the leading virtualization technologies and concepts involving a cloud manager, and an NFV framework. On that account, we set up a testbed system with the goal of evaluating the behavior of a virtualized IMS core network, as part of telecom operators' networks, within a static service provisioning context. Experiment results show that resource performance could be enhanced quickly in the case of unforeseen degradation by supporting a new VNF based service chain.

Opening into a virtualized IMS based telecom architectural framework: Telecom cloud manager

With the emergence of the software defined network (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV) initiatives, mobile network operators (MNOs) look to make a gain from these leading technologies to mitigate hardware costs and reduce time to market. Especially with the use of NFV models, the MNO looks for scaling services up and down fast and also to reduce costs to align with network usage. Those procedures are conducted through flexible service chaining through implemented SDN controller functions along with NFV orchestration modules. In this paper, we give an introduction to a virtualized, flexible mobile network service chaining approach in an NFV environment, as an extended architecture of the 4G/LTE system defined by the 3GPP in order to draw a new design in favor of the 5G network, more especially from an Internet Protocol (IP) and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) based network point of view. In this paper, we present our approach for dynamic and static service chaining. Moreover, as the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is one of the considerable use cases for NFV, we set up a testbed system with the goal of evaluating the behavior of a virtualized IMS core network, as a part of operator-based services, within a static service provisioning context. Experiment results show that the IMS system performance could be enhanced quickly in the case of unforeseen degradation by supporting a new VNF based service function path. In addition, SIP key performance indicators get enhanced in terms of registration delay and mean.

Flexible Mobile Network Service Chaining in an NFV Environment: IMS Use Case

eTOM to NFV mapping for flexible mobile service chaining in 5G networks: IMS use case

Indeed, mobile network operators (MNOs) invest more in infrastructure which dramatically increases costs, risks, and time to market. Fortunately, in recent years the software defined network (SDN) and network functions virtualization principles have come out with the goal of mitigating hardware costs and time to market to deliver new network services. With the use of implemented solutions of SDN and NFV models, MNOs will be able to scale services up and down and decrease costs to align with network usage. All of those expectations could be conducted via flexible mobile service chaining mechanisms through implemented NFV orchestration solutions and SDN controller functions. In this work, we present different designs and analyses of flexible mobile service chaining in an NFV environment in order to provide a new approach in the framework of the 5G network being based essentially on virtualization and automated service provisioning. We use the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) network as a use case for discussing both of dynamic and static approaches from a signaling viewpoint. We then setup a testbed platform for evaluating the static service function chaining approach in a virtualized IMS background to validate a part of our proposed approaches. As a result, experiment results show that the virtualized IMS system performance is improved fast in the case of performance degradation of one of its constituent elements by backing a new virtual network function (VNF) based service function path. Moreover, IMS key performance indicators get enhanced concerning registration delay and session setup time.

Mostafa Belmekki

Papers

eTOM Mapping onto NFV Framework: IMS Use Case

Opening into a virtualized IMS based telecom architectural framework: Telecom cloud manager

Flexible Mobile Network Service Chaining in an NFV Environment: IMS Use Case

eTOM to NFV mapping for flexible mobile service chaining in 5G networks: IMS use case

On System-Level Design and Analysis of Mobile Service Function Chaining in NFV Surroundings