Showing papers by "Muhammad Khan published in 2023"
TL;DR: In this paper , 42 members of the NRT2 (Nitrate Transporter 2 family) were found in the four different cotton species, and the conserved domains, phylogenetic relationships, physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, conserved motifs, gene structure, cis-acting elements, and promoter region expression patterns of these 42 members were analyzed.
Abstract: Nitrate transporters (NRTs) are crucial for the uptake, use, and storage of nitrogen by plants. In this study, 42 members of the GhNRT2 (Nitrate Transporter 2 family) were found in the four different cotton species. The conserved domains, phylogenetic relationships, physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, conserved motifs, gene structure, cis-acting elements, and promoter region expression patterns of these 42 members were analyzed. The findings confirmed that members of the NRT2 family behaved typically, and subcellular localization tests confirmed that they were hydrophobic proteins that were mostly located on the cytoplasmic membrane. The NRT2 family of genes with A.thaliana and rice underwent phylogenetic analysis, and the results revealed that GhNRT2 could be divided into three groups. The same taxa also shared similar gene structure and motif distribution. The composition of cis-acting elements suggests that most of the expression of GhNRT2 may be related to plant hormones, abiotic stress, and photoreactions. The GhNRT2 gene was highly expressed, mainly in roots. Drought, salt, and extreme temperature stress showed that GhNRT2 gene expression was significantly up-regulated or down-regulated, indicating that it may be involved in the stress response of cotton. In general, the genes of the NRT2 family of cotton were comprehensively analyzed, and their potential nitrogen uptake and utilization functions in cotton were preliminarily predicted. Additionally, we provide an experimental basis for the adverse stress conditions in which they may function.
TL;DR: In this paper , a study was conducted under field conditions of an arid agro-ecosystem to evaluate the response physiological and yield of nineteen elite quinoa genotypes grown under three water regimes (95, 65, and 35% Field capacity) using a drip system in sandy soil.
Abstract: Quinoa is one of the most nutritious grains and currently has attention due to its adaptation to a wide range of environments and abiotic stresses. This study was conducted under field conditions of an arid agro-ecosystem to evaluate the response physiological and yield of nineteen elite quinoa genotypes grown under three water regimes (95, 65, and 35% Field capacity) using a drip system in sandy soil. The experiment design was a split-plot in a randomized complete block design during the 2019/20 and 2020/21 growing seasons. The results showed significant differences among evaluated genotypes, water treatments, and their interaction. Fluorescence chlorophyll components were sensitive to water stress and strongly decreased at low soil moisture. Fluorescence (Fo) was the most correlated with seed yield and water use efficiency (WUE) under both full irrigation and drought stress. This may be used for improving yield and WUE in breeding programs. The optimum WUE achieved from moderate irrigation (65% FC), indicated the importance of detecting water requirements. The seed production ranges between 3.8 and 2.2 t ha-1 under full irrigation, and it decreases to reach 62.8% under water regimes. The most suitable genotypes for growing under full irrigation were ‘V9’, ‘Apelawa’, ‘30TES’, and ‘27GR’ which produced 3.8, 3.7, 3.5, and 3.5 t ha-1, respectively. The highest seed yield under stream drought (1.4 t ha-1) was produced by ‘Ames 10334’ and ‘QU629-99’. However, the genotype ‘Apelawa’ could outperform under different moisture conditions. It produced 1.2 t ha-1 under stream drought thus, recommended to cultivate it, especially in zones where precipitation fluctuates.
TL;DR: In this paper , the effect of drought stress on wheat physiology and morphology under three different field capacities (FC) viz. 80% (control), 50% (moderate) and 30% (severe drought stress) in a diverse collection of wheat germplasm including cultivars, landraces, synthetic hexaploid and their derivatives.
Abstract: Drought is one of the most important wheat production limiting factor, and can lead to severe yield losses. This study was designed to examine the effect of drought stress on wheat physiology and morphology under three different field capacities (FC) viz. 80% (control), 50% (moderate) and 30% (severe drought stress) in a diverse collection of wheat germplasm including cultivars, landraces, synthetic hexaploid and their derivatives. Traits like grain weight, thousand grain weight and biomass were reduced by 38.23%, 18.91% and 26.47% respectively at 30% FC, whereas the reduction rate for these traits at 50% FC were 19.57%, 8.88% and 18.68%. In principal component analysis (PCA), the first two components PC1 and PC2 accounted for 58.63% of the total variation and separated the cultivars and landraces from synthetic-based germplasm. Landraces showed wide range of phenotypic variations at 30% FC compared to synthetic-based germplasm and improved cultivars. However, least reduction in grain weight was observed in improved cultivars which indicated the progress in developing drought resilient cultivars. Allelic variations of the drought-related genes including TaSnRK2.9-5A, TaLTPs-11, TaLTPs-12, TaSAP-7B-, TaPPH-13, Dreb-B1 and 1fehw3 were significantly associated with the phenological traits under drought stress in all 91 wheats including 40 landraces, 9 varieties, 34 synthetic hexaploids and 8 synthetic derivatives. The favorable haplotypes of 1fehw3, Dreb-B1, TaLTPs-11 and TaLTPs-12 increased grain weight, and biomass. Our results iterated the fact that landraces could be promising source to deploy drought adaptability in wheat breeding. The study further identified drought tolerant wheat genetic resources across various backgrounds and identified favourable haplotypes of water-saving genes which should be considered to develop drought tolerant varieties.