https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101445

Branch retinal vein occlusion in a healthy young man following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination

ABSTRACT Purpose The purpose of this article is to report a case of sudden onset ischemic retinal central vein occlusion after a second dose of COVID-19 adenoviral vector vaccine. Case report/observations A 54-year-old woman with systemic arterial hypertension developed ischemic central retinal vein occlusion in her right eye on day 2 after the second dose of COVID-19 adenoviral vector vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/ AZD1222, Oxford-AstraZeneca. Conclusion Adenoviral vector vaccine promotes both cellular and humoral immune responses, increasing the level of inflammatory cytokines. These cytokines are the same implied in the possible pathogenesis of central retinal vein occlusion. Subsequently, we recommend informing patients at risk of possible ocular adverse events, which require urgent evaluation.

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COVID-19 AdenoviralVector Vaccine and Central Retinal Vein Occlusion

To assess the clinical and retinal imaging features of patients in whom retinal vascular occlusion (VO) had developed in temporal associations with COVID-19 vaccination.In this retrospective case series, all consecutive adult patients with new onset VO within 6 weeks of vaccination against COVID-19 were included in the study between May 1 and October 31, 2021. All patients had a systemic medical health assessment, full ophthalmic evaluation, and complete fundus imaging.Fifteen eyes of VO (14 patients) after COVID-19 vaccinations were identified. The median time between vaccination and symptoms onset was 14 days (range 7-42 days). The mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/55 with a range of 20/20 to 20/200. Eleven of 15 eyes (73.3%) had visual acuity improvement after intravitreal treatment at 60-90 days (range, 45-105 days) from the presentation. Four of 5 cases without systemic risk factors for VO had a mean BCVA > 20/32 at presentation and > 20/25 at the latest evaluation. Between May 1 and October 31, 2021, a temporal association was found between the 15 reported cases and COVID-19 vaccination out of a total of 29 VO (p = 0.05). The incidence of VO was higher in the considered period compared to the equivalent 6-month period in 2019 (1.17% vs 0.52%, respectively; p = 0.0134).Retinal vascular occlusion with different grades of severity are reported in temporal association with COVID-19 vaccination. The exact pathogenic mechanism needs to be further studied. No certain causal relationship can be established from this case series. 

/pdf/retinal-vascular-occlusion-and-sars-cov-2-vaccination-23rs2zri.pdf

Retinal vascular occlusion and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination

A 28-year-old, healthy male presented with blurring of vision in the right eye following third dose of the AstraZeneca/COVISHIELD vaccine. Further examination revealed ischemic central retinal vein occlusion, and subsequent laboratory investigations were inconclusive for his eye disease. He responded to pulse corticosteroid and tapering doses of oral corticosteroids without requiring any intra-vitreal injection. Twelve articles were identified with the help of a PubMed literature search, and a short review of these patients was performed. Retinal vein occlusion can occur because of inflammation-induced thrombosis after coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination and may respond to anti-inflammatory therapy. 

Retinal venous occlusion following COVID-19 vaccination: Report of a case after third dose and review of the literature

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101540

Ischemic retinal events after COVID-19 vaccination

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is known to cause thromboembolic episodes apart from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). With large vaccine drives all across the world, there are a few case reports on post-vaccine thrombotic events seen with the AZD1222, ChAdO × 1 vaccine. Here, we present two cases of central retinal vein occlusion presenting immediately after receiving the second dose of the Covishield vaccine. Although the causal relationship cannot be drawn, the ophthalmologist should be aware of this adverse reaction. 

Муртазаева Феруза Рашитовна

Papers

Central retinal vein occlusion post-COVID-19 vaccination