This paper narrates a non-linear and non-local Caputo fractal fractional operator of eco epidemic model with the advance of soil pollution considered in five compartments. The qualitative analysis of solutions such as existence and uniqueness of the model is carried out by using the standard condition of Schauder's fixed point theorem and Banach Contraction principle. The local and global stability are characterized with the help of basic reproduction number. The Ulam-Hyer stability is analyzed for the small perturbation. The Power law kernel is used to get a reliable result for the soil pollution model. Analytical solution studied by means of Modified Euler method. Numerical simulation of Euler scheme algorithm is performed to show the effects of various fractional orders (0.5<η<1) and validating the theoretical parameter values of real time data by the support of MATLAB. 

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Caputo Fractal Fractional Order Derivative of Soil Pollution Model Due to Industrial and Agrochemical

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are designated to protect marine ecosystems and, among other things, to monitor climate variability, which in turn affects aquatic species. The aim of this study is to examine the contribution of remotely sensed data as an indication of Holothuria abundance, by investigating the spatiotemporal variability of physicochemical parameters. The study area is in the National Marine Park of Alonissos Northern Sporades, which is included in the NATURA 2000 network. Firstly, the abundance of Holothuria species was measured by scuba diving. At the same time, depth profiles of five physicochemical parameters (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen and Chl-a) were recorded by CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth), a primary instrument used to determine the essential physical and chemicals properties of seawater column profiles in the coastal zone. The physicochemical variables examined are the most common environmental parameters with the highest impact on growth, reproduction, productivity and survival rate of sea cucumber species, affecting the availability of food sources. Analysis of this data allows us to identify parameters which are essential for their existence. The analysis showed that only temperature and Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) could be useful for identifying the abundance. These two parameters are readily available from satellite data. Additionally, particulate organic carbon (POC) is essential for Holothuria’s existence. Consequently, a time series of satellite data products from Terra/MODIS sensor were utilized from 2000 to 2020 for sea surface temperature (SST), Chl-a and POC. The monthly temporal trend shows that the abundance could be justified in areas where the Holothuria presence has been established. Monthly spatiotemporal analysis shows that SST, Chl-a and POC availability, could be an indication of the differences in abundance recorded.

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Study of the Spatiotemporal Variability of Oceanographic Parameters and Their Relationship to Holothuria Species Abundance in a Marine Protected Area of the Mediterranean Using Satellite Imagery

The problem associated with metal contamination in the soil is intensified in the vicinity of industrial areas as they are more susceptible to discharges from medium to small scale industries. However, limited studies are available that consider soil size fractions along with their speciation due to multi metal contamination. This information is essential to apprehend their individual and competitive mobility, bioavailability and possible de-contamination strategies. In the present study, soil samples (n = 10) were collected from Ranipet industrial area, India and analysed for total metal concentrations (Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn). The ecological risk assessment indicated substantial anthropogenic enrichment of chromium along with moderate enrichment of copper, manganese and zinc. Further, the samples were fractionized into 300–150, 150–50, 50–22 and < 22 µm; the finer fraction concentrations were used to assess human health risks. The Hazard Index (HI) values reached 2.37 for children and 0.30 in adults from non-carcinogenic risk; indicated children are at higher risk. The soil exposure risk assessment study in three different scenarios were considered; results indicated possible non-carcinogenic risk to the non-residents working in study area. The Cancer risk (CR) values followed the order CR (ingestion) > CR (dermal contact) > CR (inhalation). The speciation study performed in bulk and size fractions indicated the bioavailable forms dominated residual fractions irrespective of sizes but varied with metals. This study can be considered as a framework for risk identification and assessment from multi metal contamination in industrial area having small and shallow waterbodies. 

Distribution, chemical speciation and human health risk assessment of metals in soil particle size fractions from an industrial area

The present study investigated the distribution, sources, bioavailable fractions, and ecological risks of nine metals (Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn) in water, sediment, and vegetation sam...

Assessment of metals pollution and subsequent ecological risk in water, sediments and vegetation from a shallow lake: a case study from Ranipet industrial town, Tamil Nadu, India

Muthyala Sai Chaithanya

Papers

Assessment of metals pollution and subsequent ecological risk in water, sediments and vegetation from a shallow lake: a case study from Ranipet industrial town, Tamil Nadu, India