We describe the hardware, gateware, and software developed at Raytheon BBN Technologies for dynamic quantum information processing experiments on superconducting qubits. In dynamic experiments, real-time qubit state information is fed back or fed forward within a fraction of the qubits' coherence time to dynamically change the implemented sequence. The hardware presented here covers both control and readout of superconducting qubits. For readout, we created a custom signal processing gateware and software stack on commercial hardware to convert pulses in a heterodyne receiver into qubit state assignments with minimal latency, alongside data taking capability. For control, we developed custom hardware with gateware and software for pulse sequencing and steering information distribution that is capable of arbitrary control flow in a fraction of superconducting qubit coherence times. Both readout and control platforms make extensive use of field programmable gate arrays to enable tailored qubit control systems in a reconfigurable fabric suitable for iterative development.

Hardware for dynamic quantum computing.

The purpose of this work to develop simple and effective data acquisition and signal processing algorithm for radar system. Except hardware, data acquisition and signal processing are important parts of Radar system. In this work 8 channel ADC (which can be used as a single channel as well) and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), are used to convert the analog signal into digital format to feed computer. To perform the signal processing on the received data and to store this data in excel file MATLAB environment is used. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and short-time Fourier transform (STFT) are used to get Doppler information in this work. To test this system and check its performance an experiment is conducted using small DC fan.

Data Acquisition and Signal Processing System for CW Radar

• 3, 4, 6 face “Aegis” systems developed by China, Japan, Australia, Netherlands, USA • Israel and Australia “Aegis” AESAs have an A/D at every element, a major breakthrough. • GaN advancing rapidly. Will be helped by use for PCs, notebooks, cell phones, servers. • Extreme MMIC: 4 X-band T/Rs on 1 SiGe chip for DARPA ISIS program; goal 8 bits 1 GS/s A/D and 16 element array. • Valeo-Raytheon 24 GHz phased array now available for blind spot detection in cars for just $100's. • Lincoln Lab using 2 W chip increases spurious free dynamic range of receiver plus A/D by 20 dB • JPL's SweepSAR provides wide swath SAR from space with 1/6 th power required by ScanSAR. • Metamaterials: 1. Can now focus 6X beyond diffraction limit at 0.38 μm — Moore's Law marches on. 2. Used in cell phones to obtain antennas 5X smaller and have 700 MHz-2.7 GHz bandwidth. 3. Provide isolation between closely spaced antennas and antenna elements.

Never ending saga of phased array breakthroughs

We describe the hardware, gateware, and software developed at Raytheon BBN Technologies for dynamic quantum information processing experiments on superconducting qubits. In dynamic experiments, real-time qubit state information is fedback or fedforward within a fraction of the qubits' coherence time to dynamically change the implemented sequence. The hardware presented here covers both control and readout of superconducting qubits. For readout we created a custom signal processing gateware and software stack on commercial hardware to convert pulses in a heterodyne receiver into qubit state assignments with minimal latency, alongside data taking capability. For control, we developed custom hardware with gateware and software for pulse sequencing and steering information distribution that is capable of arbitrary control flow on a fraction superconducting qubit coherence times. Both readout and control platforms make extensive use of FPGAs to enable tailored qubit control systems in a reconfigurable fabric suitable for iterative development.

Hardware for Dynamic Quantum Computing

This paper will describe the architecture and results obtained with two new e2v products designed for Space grade applications which open up new design possibilities for direct conversion of signals to and from L band.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/6032140/6041611/06042204.pdf

Using e2v's high speed Space grade ADC and DAC to achieve direct conversion of L band signals

In advanced applications such as digital radar, frequency hopping encryption data links, Micro-Wave Waveform Design Systems, Ultra Wide Bandwidth communications and software defined radio, the need for instantaneous bandwidth often drives system design decisions. The availability of powerful signal processors able to handle broadband signal vectors is not an issue anymore; the bottleneck is now the availability of high sampling rate and high linearity data converters, ADC (Analogue to Digital Converter) for reception and DAC (Digital to Analogue Converter) for transmission. Access to high speed data converters enabling up and down conversion directly in the L Band, S Band and C Band will allow system architects to operate in the digital world ever closer to the antenna, thus simplifying drastically receiver or transmitter architecture by removing costly Intermediate Frequency stages. Broadband DAC's are key enabling components which open up new design opportunities for direct digital Synthesizer systems. In this regard, this paper describes an innovative multimode 12 Bit 3GS/s MuxDAC, offering 46ps full swing rise time (that is 7.5 GHz analogue output bandwidth), based on a 200 GHz SiGeC bipolar Technology, which enables direct micro wave signal generation of up to 1.2 GHz width arbitrary waveforms directly in the high IF (L S or C Band) region closer to the Antenna. Beyond system and DAC design considerations this paper includes extended capability measurement performed on silicon. This DAC is turning Software Defined Micro-Wave or Direct Micro-Wave Synthesis (DMWS) from pure concept into proven reality up to C-Band.

3 GS/s 7 GHz BW 12 Bit MuxDAC for direct microwave signal generation over L, S or C bands

In advanced applications such as digital radar, Ultra Wide Bandwidth communications and software defined radio, the need for wide instantaneous bandwidth often drives system design decisions. Broadband 12 Bit ADC's (Analogue to Digital Converters) are key enabling components which open up new design opportunities for digital Receiver systems. In this regard, this paper describes a new 12bit true single Core 1,5 GS/s ADC with 2,3 GHz Bandwidth, based on a 200 GHz SiGeC bipolar Technology, which enables the direct digitizing of 500MHz broadband arbitrary waveforms directly in the 2nd Nyquist region closer to the Antenna (L-Band), enabling the design of flexible and simplified Radar receiver system architectures.

12 Bit 1.5 GS/s L-Band ADC on 200 GHz SiGeC Technology

Designers of Microwave systems are constantly looking for DACs which provide not only Nyquist zones larger than 2.5 GHz but which also offer flat frequency response in these large instantaneous bandwidths, and in addition which also generate these signals with a centre frequency that is in the frequency band of interest. The component's performance can have strong implications in how microwave systems such as radar, communication systems and instrumentation systems are designed. This paper presents a prototype of a high speed, high bandwidth Digital to Analogue Converter with high sample rate and high output bandwidth which enables the direct conversion of signals to frequencies up to 10GHz with instantaneous bandwidths of up to 3GHz. It describes the component structure, applications for the component and prototype results are given.

Results from a prototype 6GSps digital to analogue converter with greater than 7 GHz analogue bandwidth

In advanced applications such as digital radar, Ultra Wide Bandwidth communications and software defined radio, the need for instantaneous bandwidth often drives system design decisions. Access to high speed data converters enabling up and down conversion directly in the L Band and S Band removes the limit imposed by bandwidth scarcity and allows the design of flexible and simplified system architectures. Broadband ADC's (Analogue to Digital Converters) and DAC's (Digital to Analogue Converters) are key enabling components which open up new design opportunities for digital transceiver systems, including digital down and up-conversion closer to the antenna. In this regard, this paper describes new 10bit 3GS/s ADC and 12 Bit 3GS/s DAC, based on a 200 GHz SiGeC bipolar Technology, which enables direct digitizing or synthesing of 1GHz arbitrary broadband waveforms directly in the high IF region closer to the Antenna.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/5434418/5438351/05438367.pdf

3 GS/s S-Band 10 Bit ADC and 12 Bit DAC on SiGeC Technology

This work presents a new high speed, high bandwidth Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) which enables the direct conversion of wideband Radar chirp waveforms to frequencies up to band X.

N. Chantier

Papers

3 GS/s 7 GHz BW 12 Bit MuxDAC for direct microwave signal generation over L, S or C bands

12 Bit 1.5 GS/s L-Band ADC on 200 GHz SiGeC Technology

Results from a prototype 6GSps digital to analogue converter with greater than 7 GHz analogue bandwidth

3 GS/s S-Band 10 Bit ADC and 12 Bit DAC on SiGeC Technology

Direct conversion to X band using a 4.5 GSps SiGe Digital to Analog Converter