Synthetic Principles for Bandgap Control in Linear pi-Conjugated Systems.

Color Control in π-Conjugated Organic Polymers for Use in Electrochromic Devices

2.2. Cathodic Electropolymerization 4732 2.2.1. Electropolymerization of PPXs and PPVs 4732 3. Charging-Discharging of Conducting Polymers 4733 3.1. Redox Properties of Oligomers and Polymers 4733 3.2. Specific Phenomena of n-Doping 4739 3.3. Conductivity in Charged Systems 4740 4. Controlling the Electropolymerization Process 4742 4.1. Influence of the Polymerization Technique 4742 4.2. Influence of Experimental Conditions 4743 4.3. Electropolymerization in Novel Electrolytic Media 4745

Electrochemistry of Conducting Polymers—Persistent Models and New Concepts†

Recently, great interest has been aroused in flexible/bendable electronic equipment such as rollup displays and wearable devices. As flexible energy conversion and energy storage units with high energy and power density represent indispensable components of flexible electronics, they should be carefully considered. However, it is a great challenge to fabricate flexible/bendable power sources. This is mainly due to the lack of reliable materials that combine both electronically superior conductivity and mechanical flexibility, which also possess high stability in electrochemical environments. In this work, we report a new approach to flexible energy devices. We suggest the use of a flexible electrode based on free-standing graphene paper, to be applied in lithium rechargeable batteries. This is the first report in which graphene paper is adopted as a key element applied in a flexible lithium rechargeable battery. Moreover graphene paper is a functional material, which does not only act as a conducting agent, but also as a current collector. The unique combination of its outstanding properties such as high mechanical strength, large surface area, and superior electrical conductivity make graphene paper, a promising base material for flexible energy storage devices. In essence, we discover that the graphene based flexible electrode exhibits significantly improved performances in electrochemical properties, such as in energy density and power density. Moreover graphene paper has better life cycle compared to non-flexible conventional electrode architecture. Accordingly, we believe that our findings will contribute to the full realization of flexible lithium rechargeable batteries used in bendable electronic equipments.

Flexible energy storage devices based on graphene paper

Sulfonated polyaniline (SPAN) is a self-doped conducting polymer. It has a high water solubility and a novel pH-dependent DC conductivity that is of interest for fundamental science and also for applications in such areas as rechargeable battery and pH control technologies. We report here the extensive characterization and details of synthesis of a new form of sulfonated polyaniline (LEB-SPAN) which shows novel or significantly improved chemical and physical properties. LEB-SPAN has a high sulfur to nitrogen ratio (S/N) of ∼0.75, 50% larger than that previously reported for EB-SPAN, S/N ∼0.50. This change in composition leads to significant alteration of the properties including an order of magnitude increase in the room temperature DC conductivity to ∼1 S·cm-1, nearly double the solubility in water, and a completely different pH dependence of the oxidation potential (E1/2). For LEB-SPAN the DC conductivity is unaffected by pH over the range 0 ≤ pH ≤ 14, strikingly different from the behavior of both pare...

N. Colaneri

Papers

Self-doped conducting polymers

Electrochemical and opto-electrochemical properties of poly(isothianaphthene)