Method, apparatus and security system for uniquely identifying individual by their particular physical characteristics are provided. In particular, facial parameters which are defined as being the distances between identifiable points on the human face, and/or ratios of the facial parameters can be used to identify an individual as the parameters for each individual are unique. Thus, by coding the parameter and/or parameter ratio information of an individual on a card, and by scanning the face of the presenter of that card to obtain parameter and/or parameter ratio information of the presenter, a determination can be made as to whether the presenter is that individual whose information is on the card. Particular parameters such as the distance between the eye retinae, the distance from each eye retinae to the nose bottom and to the mouth center, and the distance from the nose bottom to the mouth center are set forth, as they may be particularly defined due to the shadowed definable points at each end.

Method and apparatus for uniquely identifying individuals by particular physical characteristics and security system utilizing the same

There is disclosed a system which permits an automobile driver to control electrical devices installed on an automobile by moving his or her pupils and mouth intentionally. The system includes a TV camera, a light, a first microprocessor which controls the electrical devices according to the changes in the shape of the driver's mouth, a second microprocessor for performing various arithmetic operations, and memories. Reference values have been previously assigned to various elements of the driver's face and stored in one of the memories. The second microprocessor normalizes the distances between the elements of the face with the distance between the pupils of the eyes and compares the normalized distances with the reference values to calculate the degrees of similarity of the elements.

System for recognizing image

The present invention provides a simulator which is easy to manipulate, and with which a user can experience a realistic simulation in various 3-D spaces, or a designer can understand physical environment conditions with the spaces intuitively or analyze mutual affects when there are a plurality of people in the spaces. The simulator comprises an input manipulation unit that the user can manipulate with one hand, a soft-robot display unit for displaying a soft-robot in accordance with the physical environment conditions, and a soft-robots display unit for producing a plurality of soft-robots.

Simulator for producing various living environments mainly for visual perception

This paper presents an advanced video camera system which has robust automatic focus (AF), automatic exposure (AE), and automatic white-balance (AWB) control. The proposed AF algorithm decides the correct moving direction of the lens and detects the accurate in-focus state even though the scene is interfered with by the high light intensity. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system can be an effective alternative to conventional systems using the hill-climbing method.

An advanced video camera system with robust AF, AE, and AWB control

This chapter presents an introduction to the different artistic design domains that make use of interactive evolutionary design approaches, the techniques they use, and many of the challenges arising. After a brief introduction to concepts and terminology common to most artificial genetic design, there is a survey of artistic evolutionary systems and related research for evolving images and forms. While the focus is primarily on purely aesthetic fitness landscapes, the survey also ventures into areas such as product design and architecture. The overview shifts from technique to application as organizational strategies, as appropriate. After briefly surveying additional information sources, the chapter concludes with a discussion of major topics of relevance to evolutionary system designers, providing context for the following chapters. It is hoped that this snapshot of the state of the field will increase exposure to projects and issues, discussion amongst participants, and ultimately the accessibility of these techniques and approaches.

Evolutionary Visual Art and Design

Recursive Fuzzy Modeling Based on Fuzzy Interpolation

The ink drop spread (IDS) method is a modeling technique developed by algorithmically mimicking the information-handling processes of the human brain. This method has been proposed as a new approach to soft computing. IDS modeling is characterized by processing that uses intuitive pattern information instead of complex formulas, and it is capable of stable and fast convergences. This paper investigates the modeling ability of the IDS method based on three typical benchmarks. Experimental results demonstrated that the IDS method can handle various modeling targets, ranging from logic operations to complex nonlinear systems, and that its modeling performance is satisfactory in comparison with that of feedforward neural networks.

A study on the modeling ability of the IDS method: A soft computing technique using pattern-based information processing

Auto exposure (AE) is an important function of video cameras to adjust the image luminance. In this paper, an exposure control system of the AE using color information is discussed. Current AE systems detect special image conditions such as backlighting and excessive frontlighting in which the luminance of a main object deteriorates, and compensate the exposure in order to obtain the appropriate luminance of the main object. The compensation is determined according to the degree of backlighting and excessive frontlighting, regardless of the the background. The exposure control system proposed in this paper uses "hue" and "chroma" of pixels to derive the importance of the background, and determines the amount of compensation required by fuzzy reasoning. Simulations of AE were carried out using both the conventional system and proposed method. Results showed that the proposed system was more efficient for AE than the conventional method.

An exposure control system of video cameras based on fuzzy logic using color information

In this paper, introducing a new hardware concept which has the ability of FUZZY computation in a non-exact naturally FUZZY method, outlines of human brain simulation in hardware level will be presented. It will be shown that a soft computer may be implemented by using unique hardware structures for processor and memory units. Considering the learning procedure of human being and simulating it, using the introduced soft computer, a total energy decreasing trend will be observed in the soft computer structure. The generalization of this trend will be regarded as an equivalent concept for human intelligence. Therefore, complicated concepts such as human intelligence and also imagination and inference procedures may appear as natural abilities of the proposed soft computer. It also will be shown, when starting with observing a phenomenon, the whole procedure, from modeling to controller designing, including the recognition of goal function and effective inputs, may be done automatically and in an intelligent way.

Fuzzy interpretation of human intelligence

The ink drop spread (IDS) method is a modeling technique used in the active learning method (ALM), which is a new approach to soft computing. It is characterized by a modeling process which is based on computing that uses intuitive pattern information instead of complex formulas. It has been proved that the IDS method is capable of stable fast modeling for complex nonlinear targets. In this paper, the classification performance of the IDS method is investigated. The two-spiral problem is a popular classification benchmark, and it is difficult to achieve the perfect classification due to high nonlinearity. With regard to this benchmark the IDS method exhibited good performance in terms of the classification rate and learning speed. This paper also present two learning modes, one of which is effective in solving the two-spiral problem rapidly.

Nakaji Honda

Papers

Recursive Fuzzy Modeling Based on Fuzzy Interpolation

A study on the modeling ability of the IDS method: A soft computing technique using pattern-based information processing

An exposure control system of video cameras based on fuzzy logic using color information

Fuzzy interpretation of human intelligence

Classification performance of the IDS method based on the two-spiral benchmark