Character recognition—a review

A character recognition apparatus and method for recognizing an unknown character by comparing strokes of the input character with stroke information stored in a dictionary. Each stroke of the input character is classified into one of plural categories according to stroke direction. The classified input strokes are rearranged into groups of strokes having the same classification. The degree of analogy between rearranged input strokes and stroke information stored in the dictionary for each group of similarly classified stroke group is calculated based on stroke length, and a maximum analogous element for each input stroke according to the calculated degree of analogy is detected. The detected maximum analogous elements are summed together, and the character whose sum is maximum is output as the identity of the unknown input character.

Character recognition method and apparatus

A method and apparatus for recognition of handwritten input is disclosed where handwritten input composed of a sequence of (x, y, pen) points, is preprocessed into a sequence of strokes. A short list of candidate characters that are likely matches for the handwritten input is determined by finding a fast matching distance between the input sequence of strokes and a sequence of strokes representing each candidate character of a large character set where the sequence of strokes for each candidate character is derived from statistical analysis of empirical data. A the final sorted list of candidate characters which are likely matches for the handwritten input is determined by finding a detailed matching distance between the input sequence of strokes and the sequence of strokes for each candidate character of the short list. A final selectable list of candidate characters is presented to a user.

Method and apparatus for character recognition of handwritten input

A method and apparatus for generating an ideographic character in response to an operator input The apparatus includes an input device which generates a series of input signals in response to an input sequence of writing strokes corresponding to identifiable constituent characteristics of an ideographic character contained in a set of ideographic characters. A processor stores a library of character representations, each character representation in the library of character representations represents a respective character of the set of ideographic characters and each character representation being identified according to predetermined constituent characteristics of the represented ideographic character. The processor is responsive to the input signals for selecting a character representation from the library of character representations. The processor upon selection of a character representation provides the selected character representation as an output signal

Method and apparatus for processing ideographic characters

A character recognition system includes a character input device, such as a stylus and tablet or optical scanner, for receiving inputted characters, and a processor. The processor determines which of a number of model characters best matches the inputted character. To that end, the processor compares each inputted character to each of a plurality of classes into which the model characters are organized. Specifically, the processor extracts a feature value vector from the inputted character, and compares it to the mean feature value vector of each class. The processor recognizes the inputted character as the model character corresponding to the mean feature value vector which is closest to the feature value vector of the inputted character. The processor also constructs the database from multiple specimens of each model character. The processor organizes the specimens of each model character into multiple classes. The processor then determines the mean feature value vector of each class.

System and method for unconstrained on-line alpha-numerical handwriting recognition

A handwritten letter recognition method in accordance with the present invention detects, for each subset, input strokes that coincide with the standard strokes, according to the order of the standard strokes of a standard pattern, and carries out in turn the coincidence processing of strokes by removing the coincident input strokes from the input pattern. The recognition processing for the input patterns is carried out by extracting the standard patterns possessing standard strokes that are coincident for all of the strokes of the input pattern. Therefore, it becomes possible to recognize the input letter pattern easily and efficiently without regard to the order of the strokes input, and even for an input letter pattern with large number of strokes. Moreover, the coincidence detection processing of the strokes can be executed easily and accurately even for the case when the number of strokes that form a letter patterns is large or the case of complicated pattern form, since it detects input strokes that will coincide next, by removing the input strokes that are detected as coincident from the input pattern, to extract a standard pattern all of whose strokes coincide for each and every subset.

Method and device for handwritten letter recognition

A high-performance optical character reader (OCR) capable of reading low-quality stamped alphanumeric characters, on a metal rod, is described in this paper. Reliable and precise recognition is achieved by means of a special scanner and dedicated recognition module. The scanner revolves around the metal rod and detects characters, thus avoiding rotation of the heavy and long rod. Diffused illumination which produces a clear image, a powerful pattern-matching method?the Multiple Similarity Method (MSM)?implemented by the recognition module, and the use of adaptive rescan control results in a correct recognition rate of 99.93 percent. One recognition module can process images from up to five different scanners. The processing speed is about 1.5 s/rod. The design and industrial application of the system are discussed.

Development of a High-Performance Stamped Character Reader

PURPOSE: To secure general-purpose property and to use effectively a prepared frame image memory of large capacity to attain efficient image processing by dividing the frame image memory for storing an image inputted from an observation system such as a TV camera into areas in accordance with the input image and using the divided areas. CONSTITUTION: When the image pickup condition of a product 1 e.g. is stable and the approximate state of a character describing area in the input image has been previously know, an area is set up so that only the character describing area part in the input image can be stored in a picture memory 4. When the picture information of the partial image area e.g. is to be stored in a partial area M3, chip selecting signals WM3, SM3 are set up and the image signal is written only in the partial storage area M3. The signal read out from the partial storage area M3 and picture-processed is stored in a partial storage area M1 in synchronism with the reading of the image signal. Picture processing is executed in the partial storage areas M1WM4 by repeating said processing and the obtained image signal is transferred. COPYRIGHT: (C)1987,JPO&Japio

Image memory device

PURPOSE:To enable read recognition processing in the normal direction by an OCR input device having a facsimile equipment and computer connected together, by confirming an original in the optional longitudinal or lateral direction by providing one or more discrimination marks or notches at prescribed positions of the original and by detecting the mark direction of the supplied original. CONSTITUTION:Information on original document 3 supplied by paper feeder 1 is photoelectrically converted by scanning lines at sensor 6 through lens 5 and inputted to quantizing circuit 7. A waveform-shaped picture signal is encoded and then modulated before being sent to the circuit. This signal is demodulated and converted into the original picture signal, which is inputted to buffer memory 12. Buffer memory 12 is read out by lines for mark detection and readout data are inputted to detecting circuit 13 that detects direction mark A so as to detect the original scanning direction, start and end addresses, and scanning width. Read address control circuit 14 reads buffer memory 12 by the signals in the normal scanning direction successively and character recognizing circuit 15 outputs processed data.

Detection system for original supply direction

PURPOSE: To perform recognition easily and efficiently by employing processing which utilizes hierarchical structure and performing its recognition retrial processing when the result of recognition of a word in some hierarchy is not obtained CONSTITUTION: A word recognizing part 5 is brought under the control of a system control part 10 to calculate 8 the similarity between a candidate word and words registered in a word dictionary, performing word recognition If the result of recognition of a word in some hierarchy of an input word data string is not obtained in the word recognition, at least one of combination processing, omission recovery processing, integration processing, coupling processing, and separation processing which utilize the hierarchical structure is used to perform its recognition retrial processing Consequently, the word data string is recognaized effectively from the relation among the words forming the hierarchical structure of the input word data string Therefore, a word data string for adress display, etc, is recognized effectively COPYRIGHT: (C)1985,JPO&Japio

Nakamura Yoshikatsu

Papers

Method and device for handwritten letter recognition

Development of a High-Performance Stamped Character Reader

Image memory device

Detection system for original supply direction

Word recognition system