This review addresses recent developments in non-equilibrium statistical physics. Focusing on phase transitions from fluctuating phases into absorbing states, the universality class of directed percolation is investigated in detail. The survey gives a general introduction to various lattice models of directed percolation and studies their scaling properties, field-theoretic aspects, numerical techniques, as well as possible experimental realizations. In addition, several examples of absorbing-state transitions which do not belong to the directed percolation universality class will be discussed. As a closely related technique, we investigate the concept of damage spreading. It is shown that this technique is ambiguous to some extent, making it impossible to define chaotic and regular phases in stochastic non-equilibrium systems. Finally, we discuss various classes of depinning transitions in models for interface growth which are related to phase transitions into absorbing states.

Non-equilibrium critical phenomena and phase transitions into absorbing states

Catalytic removal of NO

This review addresses recent developments in nonequilibrium statistical physics. Focusing on phase transitions from fluctuating phases into absorbing states, the universality class of directed percolation is investigated in detail. The survey gives a general introduction to various lattice models of directed percolation and studies their scaling properties, field-theoretic aspects, numerical techniques, as well as possible experimental realizations. In addition, several examples of absorbing-state transitions which do not belong to the directed percolation universality class will be discussed. As a closely related technique, we investigate the concept of damage spreading. It is shown that this technique is ambiguous to some extent, making it impossible to define chaotic and regular phases in stochastic nonequilibrium systems. Finally, we discuss various classes of depinning transitions in models for interface growth which are related to phase transitions into absorbing states.

Nonequilibrium Critical Phenomena and Phase Transitions into Absorbing States

A Treatise on the Analytical Dynamics of Particles and Rigid Bodies: THE GENERAL THEORY OF ORBITS

Vibration-assisted machining (VAM) combines precision machining with small-amplitude tool vibration to improve the fabrication process. It has been applied to a number of processes from turning to drilling to grinding [9] , [36] . The emphasis on this literature review is the turning process where VAM has been applied to difficult applications such as diamond turning of ferrous and brittle materials, creating microstructures with complex geometries for products like molds and optical elements, or economically producing precision macro-scale components in hard alloys such as Inconel or titanium. This review paper presents the basic kinematic relationships for 1D (linear vibratory tool path) and 2D VAM (circular/elliptical tool path). Typical hardware systems used to achieve these vibratory motions are described. The periodic separation between the tool rake face and uncut material, characteristic of VAM, is related to observed reductions in machining forces and chip thickness, with distinct explanations offered for 1D and 2D modes. The reduced tool forces in turn are related to improvements in surface finish and extended tool life. Additional consideration is given to the intermittent cutting mechanism and how it reduces the effect of thermo-chemical mechanisms believed responsible for rapid wear of diamond tools when machining ferrous materials. The ability of VAM to machine brittle materials in the ductile regime at increased depth of cut is also described.

Review of vibration-assisted machining

100: Endobronchial Implanted Real-Time Radiofrequency (Rf) Transponder Beacon Guided, Respiratory-Gated, Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Moving Lung Tumours: Interim Analysis of a Prospective Phase I/ II Cohort Study

Title- Comparison between Olive Oil and Nano-Bio Fusion Gel in the Treatment of Alveolar Osteitis: A Double-Blind Randomized Trial

Bioactive peptides bring revolutions in the medical field and become an attractive target for new antibiotics. The bioactive peptides can be derived from the hydrolysis of protein. This study aims to explore the antibacterial peptide from venom hydrolysate of the Spitting cobra (Naja sumatrana). The venom protein was isolated from venom using a gel filtration technique. The digestion of venom protein was performed using trypsin with and without alkylation and reduction. After that, fractionation was carried out using a strong cation exchange solid-phase extraction, followed by antibacterial activity testing. The active peptides present in the active fractions were identified using HRMS. The protein hydrolysis with pretreatment using alkylation and reduction gave almost two-fold higher than that of untreated hydrolysis. Both the venom protein and the hydrolysate showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli but there was no activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial activity has been detected in numerous cation exchange fractions against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The four best bioactive peptides were identified with amino sequences of VYGGDSR, YTPTNK, TQFSDR, and TFQDSR. In addition, molecular docking analysis revealed that the peptides showed high-affinity scores, and the model best matched the DNA gyrase subunit B by salt bridge formation, whereas hydrogen bond interactions proved inhibition of bacterial replication as an antibacterial mechanism.

/pdf/the-antibacterial-peptides-amps-originated-from-tryptic-2kyfmg7q.pdf

Naseer Ahmed

Papers

100: Endobronchial Implanted Real-Time Radiofrequency (Rf) Transponder Beacon Guided, Respiratory-Gated, Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Moving Lung Tumours: Interim Analysis of a Prospective Phase I/ II Cohort Study

Title- Comparison between Olive Oil and Nano-Bio Fusion Gel in the Treatment of Alveolar Osteitis: A Double-Blind Randomized Trial

THE ANTIBACTERIAL PEPTIDES (AMPs) ORIGINATED FROM TRYPTIC HYDROLYSIS OF Naja sumatrana VENOM FRACTIONATED USING CATION EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY