Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription

Persistent systemic inflammation, a typical feature of inflammatory rheumatic diseases, is associated with a high cardiovascular risk and predisposes to metabolic disorders and muscle wasting. These disorders can lead to disability and decreased physical activity, exacerbating inflammation and the development of a network of chronic diseases, thus establishing a 'vicious cycle' of chronic inflammation. During the past two decades, advances in research have shed light on the role of exercise as a therapy for rheumatic diseases. One of the most important of these advances is the discovery that skeletal muscle communicates with other organs by secreting proteins called myokines. Some myokines are thought to induce anti-inflammatory responses with each bout of exercise and mediate long-term exercise-induced improvements in cardiovascular risk factors, having an indirect anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, contrary to fears that physical activity might aggravate inflammatory pathways, exercise is now believed to be a potential treatment for patients with rheumatic diseases. In this Review, we discuss how exercise disrupts the vicious cycle of chronic inflammation directly, after each bout of exercise, and indirectly, by improving comorbidities and cardiovascular risk factors. We also discuss the mechanisms by which some myokines have anti-inflammatory functions in inflammatory rheumatic diseases.

Exercise as an anti-inflammatory therapy for rheumatic diseases—myokine regulation

Walking for Health

science to teach maths at a junior school level. If health fitness professionals an odd, and certainly ungrammatical, term do not know maths by this stage in their career, then it is too late. There are other concerns, such as the lack of progression as one reads through the book: in the last chapter as in the first, simple conversions, as from kg to lbs, are worked through. In summary, I would find it difficult to recommend this book to my students. There is clearly a need for improved teaching of maths to those who go on to careers in science and medicine, but I am not convinced that the approach taken here is helpful.

https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/bjsports/30/2/186.full.pdf

Kinanthropometry and Exercise Physiology Laboratory Manual. Tests, procedures and data

Physical activity and autoimmune diseases: Get moving and manage the disease

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the main cause of pain and disability in the elderly. The disease leads to chronic musculoskeletal pain, characterized by an abnormal excitability of pain conduction pathways, and lifestyle may interfere in this pathophysiological aspect. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare perceived pain, pressure pain threshold, and lifestyle of adult and elderly women with and without knee OA. A total of 143 women were recruited and divided into 2 groups: OA (n = 68) and control (n = 75). Volunteers were evaluated for pressure pain tolerance (algometry in vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles), perceived pain (visual analogue scale) and lifestyle (FANTASTIC questionnaire). Patients with OA of the present study presented higher weight (P = .001) and body mass index (P < .001) than controls. Results also revealed less tolerance to pressure pain (P < .001) and higher pain perception (P < .001) in patients with OA. OA group scored significantly lower in lifestyle questionnaire than controls (P = .03). Patients with OA in the present study who presented lifestyle scores below median presented significantly higher values of pain perception than the ones above it (P = .03). In conclusion, patients with OA present more sensitivity to pain, more perceived pain, and worse lifestyle than healthy individuals.

/pdf/lifestyle-and-pain-in-women-with-knee-osteoarthritis-3yzag2roys.pdf

Lifestyle and Pain in Women With Knee Osteoarthritis.

Objective: To perform a literature review about the influence of lifestylerelatedcomponents in patients with rheumatic diseases Methods: A search was performed between December 2011 and February 2012 at PubMed database, for articles published in the last 12 years Results: One hundred and twenty-seven articles were found, and 76 of them were excluded for not matching inclusion criteria Regular physical activity is beneficial for rheumatic patients for improving muscle function and increasing aerobic conditioning A diet rich in fruits and vegetables and poor in saturated fat can reduce the inflammation found in individuals with these diseases Smoking is associated with some rheumatic diseases The risk of developing the disease increases with the amount and duration of exposure to cigarette More research is necessary to draw conclusions regarding other lifestyle-related factors and their  interaction with rheumatic diseases Conclusion: Knowledge about lifestyle and its connection with rheumatic diseases is still scarce, but there are evidences confirming that the maintenance of a healthy lifestyle may act as a prevention factor and support the treatment of these diseases

/pdf/estilo-de-vida-e-doencas-reumaticas-uma-revisao-1am6zfrlkm.pdf

Estilo de vida e doenças reumáticas: uma revisão

Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto desta condicao sobre a forca muscular, capacidade funcional, estilo de vida e limiar de tolerância de dor a pressao. Metodos: Idosas consideradas saudaveis (n = 75) de 60 a 75 anos (66,8 ± 4,6 anos) foram estudadas em um desenho observacional e transversal. Foram excluidas as que apresentavam dor maior do que 4 na Escala Visual Analogica (EVA) e que utilizavam medicacao analgesica e/ou anti-inflamatoria. A composicao corporal e a presenca de sarcopenia foram avaliadas por meio de impedância bioeletrica. Foram constituidos dois grupos: CO - grupo controle (n = 51) e SARC - grupo sarcopenia (n = 24, indice de massa muscular menor que 6,86 kg/m2 ). Resultados: A capacidade funcional foi determinada pelo Teste de Caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6min), e a forca de preensao manual e de flexao dos cotovelos por dinamometria. O estilo de vida foi avaliado pelo questionario FANTASTICO. O limitar de tolerância a dor foi determinado por algometria. Os dados foram analisados por meio do teste t de Student (p < 0,05). CO e SARC nao diferiram quanto a idade, percentual de gordura corporal, estilo de vida, TC6min, forca de flexao dos cotovelos e em praticamente todos os pontos analisados pela algometria. Entretanto, foram verificadas diferencas estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos em relacao a forca de preensao manual e na algometria da insercao direita do biceps braquial. Conclusao: Idosas com significante reducao de massa muscular nao exibem prejuizos em relacao a funcionalidade e sensacao de dor muscular e tendinea, provavelmente por uma condicao pre-sarcopenica

https://www.revistas.usp.br/actafisiatrica/article/download/137617/133272

Limiar de tolerância de dor à pressão, estilo de vida, força muscular e capacidade funcional em idosas com sarcopenia

Increased life expectancy in several populations makes osteoarthritis (OA) an important public health issue, as it is a very prevalent chronic disease and leading cause of pain and disability among adults and elderly. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare pain, mobility, functional capacity, and strength of patients with knee osteoarthritis submitted to two different interventions: resistance exercise (REG) and kinesiotherapy (KIG). Methods: This was a prospective randomized single blind clinical trial, which involved the participation of 30 adults of both sexes diagnosed with knee OA. Volunteers were evaluated for pain, stiffness, function, functional mobility, and strength by a blinded evaluator before and after the interventions. Through a simple drawing, participants were randomly assigned to one of the two intervention groups, and underwent 15 twice-weekly treatment sessions, lasting 30 minutes each. Results: Both interventions promoted significant improvements in all variables, and there were no reports of any adverse effects throughout the research. Conclusion: Both resistance exercise and kinesiotherapy are effective in improving pain, stiffness, function, functional mobility, and strength in patients with knee OA

/pdf/comparacao-dos-efeitos-de-exercicios-resistidos-versus-15joad58bc.pdf

Comparação dos efeitos de exercícios resistidos versus cinesioterapia na osteoartrite de joelho

Objetivo Avaliar e comparar o estilo de vida de Adventistas do Setimo Dia e de nao adventistas de uma comunidade no municipio de Cotia, Sao Paulo. Metodos Foram estudados 238 sujeitos maiores de 18 anos (media de 37,3 ± 11,5 anos): 130 homens (54,6%) e 108 mulheres (45,4%). Os sujeitos foram selecionados aleatoriamente e preencheram um questionario com dados demograficos, antropometricos e de estilo de vida. Tambem foi calculado o indice de massa corporal e a idade biologica. Resultados Adventistas (51,2%) e nao adventistas (48,8%) nao diferiram quanto aos habitos de repouso e frequencia de exercicio fisico. Os adventistas apresentaram menor prevalencia de tabagismo ( p =0,009) e de consumo de bebidas alcoolicas ( p <0,001). Alem disso, eles tinham o habito de tomar desjejum com maior frequencia ( p <0,001) e comer menos entre as refeicoes ( p <0,001) quando comparados aos nao adventistas. Os adventistas tambem apresentaram menor idade biologica (-1,5 anos versos -0,8, p =0,001), mas nao houve diferenca significativa em relacao ao indice de massa corporal. Entretanto, na analise por regressao linear multipla, apos controle por sexo e idade, ser adventista estava independentemente associado a um menor indice de massa corporal ( p =0,03). Conclusao Os Adventistas do Setimo Dia do municipio de Cotia apresentaram melhores habitos e menor idade biologica quando comparados aos nao adventistas. Palavras-chave : Alcoolismo. Estilo de vida. Habito de fumar. Indice de massa corporal.

https://periodicos.puc-campinas.edu.br/seer/index.php/cienciasmedicas/article/download/2824/1949

Natália Cristina de Oliveira

Papers

Lifestyle and Pain in Women With Knee Osteoarthritis.

Estilo de vida e doenças reumáticas: uma revisão

Limiar de tolerância de dor à pressão, estilo de vida, força muscular e capacidade funcional em idosas com sarcopenia

Comparação dos efeitos de exercícios resistidos versus cinesioterapia na osteoartrite de joelho

Estilo de vida de Adventistas do Sétimo Dia e de não adventistas do município de Cotia, São Paulo