The theory of affordances

but the threat they bring to artistic culture. From his opening mockery of the literary establishment’s tendency to theorize the world in terms of desire or gender to his disapproval of those who venerate art while denying its validity in the same breath, Jonathan Dollimore has created an easily understood, albeit at times too theoretical, synthesis of the literary and the experiential in Sex, Literature and Censorship. His arguments on critical theory do not necessarily reject the concept of theory; rather, he argues that critical theorists should strive to understand the contradictions within our lives and our literature and explore the daemonic power of the subjects that offend our sense of tradition.

Multimodal Discourse: The Modes and Media of Contemporary Communication:

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The language of the classroom.

Background: Sweden has undertaken many national, regional, and local initiatives to improve patient safety since the mid-2000s, but solid evidence of effectiveness for many solutions is often lacking. Nurses play a vital role in patient safety, constituting 71% of the workforce in Swedish health care. This interview study aimed to explore perceived facilitators and barriers influencing patient safety among nurses involved in the direct provision of care. Considering the importance of nurses with regard to patient safety, this knowledge could facilitate the development and implementation of better solutions. Methods: A qualitative study with semi-structured individual interviews was carried out. The study population consisted of 12 registered nurses at general hospitals in Sweden. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The nurses identified 22 factors that influenced patient safety within seven categories: ‘patient factors’, ‘individual staff factors’, ‘team factors’, ‘task and technology factors’, ‘work environment factors’, ‘organizational and management factors’ ,a nd‘institutional context factors’. Twelve of the 22 factors functioned as both facilitators and barriers, six factors were perceived only as barriers, and four only as facilitators. There were no specific patterns showing that barriers or facilitators were more common in any category. Conclusion: A broad range of factors are important for patient safety according to registered nurses working in general hospitals in Sweden. The nurses identified facilitators and barriers to improved patient safety at multiple system levels, indicating that complex multifaceted initiatives are required to address patient safety issues. This study encourages further research to achieve a more explicit understanding of the problems and solutions to patient safety.

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Facilitators and barriers influencing patient safety in Swedish hospitals: a qualitative study of nurses’ perceptions

This thesis describes and analyzes intercultural communication between non-Swedish physicians and their Swedish patients, as well as communication between non-Swedish physicians and Swedish medical personnel. The focus is on the impact of cultural differences and the use of Swedish as a foreign language by physicians. In addition, the effects of gender and power in physician-patient and physician-colleague communication were investigated. The thesis is based on a combination of data collection methods (interviews, questionnaires, recordings of naturally occurring medical consultations and staff meetings, and observations) and data analysis (qualitative and quantitative). The goal was to get as complete a picture as possible of intercultural communication in Swedish health care. The thesis presents a general analysis of communication between non-Swedish physicians and their Swedish patients. This analysis includes the views of non-Swedish physicians, Swedish patients and Swedish personnel about communication, an outline of common problems and how the participants solve them, and an overview of the positive aspects of communication. A particular focus of the thesis is the comparative analysis of some aspects of information seeking (analysis of questions used by the non-Swedish and Swedish physicians and their patients in medical consultations), information giving (use of the pronoun man [‘one’] by the Swedish and non-Swedish physicians while providing information to their patients), and acknowledgment and checking (use of repetitions and reformulations for feedback purposes). In addition, an overall comparative analysis of intercultural and Swedish medical consultations was done. Differences and similarities between male and female Swedish and non-Swedish physicians and male and female Swedish patients and personnel are discussed. The power relationship in intercultural medical consultations in which the physician is “weaker” and the patient “stronger” in terms of language competence was analyzed. Furthermore, by comparing “intercultural” communication (between the non-Swedish physicians and Swedish patients) to “monocultural” communication (between Swedish physicians and Swedish patients), some insight into Swedish culture and communication patterns was gained. The work concludes with some ideas for teaching and training developed on the basis of the findings of the thesis.

Intercultural communication in health care. Non-Swedish physicians in Sweden

Sweden is rapidly changing from being a monocultural to a multicultural society. The effects of this process can also be seen in health care which has, up till now, been one of the most ethnically and gender segregated working places, compared to the industrial sector. Increasing multiculturality places the issue of intercultural communication on top of the agenda for Swedish society in general and for the health care sector in particular. This article is based on the results of two interrelated questionnaires, one directed at non-Swedish physicians, a relatively new but rapidly growing group in Swedish heath care, and one directed at Swedish health care personnel, a traditionally ethnically homogeneous group. The respondents’ answers have been summarised and compared in order to get a comprehensive picture of intercultural communication in Swedish health care.

Being a non-swedish physician in sweden: a comparison of the views on work related communication of non- swedish physicians and swedish health care personnel

One of the most common difficulties in medical consultations between non-Swedish physicians and their Swedish patients is the problem of finding the right word during the interaction, often as a result of using Swedish as a foreign language. In this study, some of the ways this problem is handled during interaction are presented and the influence of the ways of handling the problems on the physician-patient relationship is discussed.

Word-finding problems in medical consultations between non-swedish physicians and swedish patients

Den har rapporten bestar av tva delar (1) en situatoinsanalys over invandringen till Sverige och (2) fallstudier. Situationsanalysen undersoker den mangkulturella arbetsmarknaden i Sverige, ger en kort historik over invandringen, visar arbetsomraden dar invandrare ofta ar anstallda, beror asylsokande och flyktningar och ger exempel pa respons pa forandringar fran myndigheterna., industrin och ovriga samhallet.

http://sskkii.gu.se/publications/Documents/European%20Intercultural%20Workplace%20SVERIGE%20200706.pdf

European Intercultural Workplace: SVERIGE

Det ar knappt att de hors, steg av fotter i vita fotriktiga inomhussandaler, mjuka och tassande. Ljusa korridorer, vaggar med scheman, plastblommor vid fonster och fina neutrala ”institutionsgardiner.” Dampade roster, deltagande leenden, automatiska dorrar, breda nog for en sjukhussang. Pa akuten – en samling manniskor med vantande och uppgivna ansiktsuttryck. Nulaget: Langa vantetider, tajta och utmattande scheman for personalen med ett okat antal sjukskrivningar som foljd. Standiga paminnelser om anstaende neddragningar och sjukvardens brister som forstasidesnyheter. Onskas: Tid och pengar, arbetskraft som orkar, kan och vill, som ser mojligheterna och inte problemen. Nagot som okar var aterspegling av det nya mangkulturella samhallet i varden och som aven passar in i vara personalvisioner och maldokument.

Nataliya Berbyuk

Papers

Being a non-swedish physician in sweden: a comparison of the views on work related communication of non- swedish physicians and swedish health care personnel

Word-finding problems in medical consultations between non-swedish physicians and swedish patients

European Intercultural Workplace: SVERIGE

"Vänta och se versus låtsas inte förstå om du inte gör det!" Om svensk sjukvårdspersonals erfarenheter av kommunikation med utländska läkare.