This report describes the results of nonvolant mammal inventory fieldwork at Paracou, a lowland rainforest locality in northern French Guiana, and concludes the faunal analysis introduced by our previous monograph on the bats of Paracou (Simmons and Voss, 1998). Working within a 3–km radius over the course of 202 sampling dates from 1991 to 1994, we recorded a total of 64 nonvolant species by conventional trapping, arboreal platform trapping, pitfall trapping, diurnal and nocturnal hunting, and interviews with local residents. Included in this total species count are 12 marsupials, 9 xenarthrans, 6 primates, 10 carnivores, 5 ungulates, and 22 rodents. Systematic research with nonvolant mammal specimens collected as voucher material resulted in the discovery of new taxa, documented range extensions of previously described species, and helped resolve many longstanding taxonomic problems: (1) Gracilinanus emiliae (Thomas), herein reported for the first time from French Guiana, is redescribed and its...

The mammals of paracou, french guiana: a neotropical lowland rainforest fauna part 2. nonvolant species

The mammals of Paracou, French Guiana, a Neotropical lowland rainforest fauna. Part 2, Nonvolant species. Bulletin of the AMNH ; no. 263

Human rabies transmitted by vampire bats reached new heights in Latin America in 2005. A total of 55 human cases were reported in several outbreaks, 41 of them in the Amazon region of Brazil. Peru and Brazil had the highest number of reported cases from 1975 to 2006. In Peru, outbreaks involving more than 20 cases of bat-transmitted human rabies were reported during the 1980s and 1990s. During this period, a smaller number of cases were reported from outbreaks in Brazil. A comparison of data from field studies conducted in Brazil in 2005 with those from the previous decade suggests similar bat-bite situations at the local level. The objective of this study was to review the epidemiological situation and, on the basis of this information, discuss possible factors associated with the outbreaks. Prevention and control measures already recommended for dealing with this problem are also reviewed, and some further suggestions are provided.

/pdf/rabies-transmitted-by-vampire-bats-to-humans-an-emerging-43lh9dbvbi.pdf

Rabies transmitted by vampire bats to humans: an emerging zoonotic disease in Latin America?

This paper presents an updated list of bat species positive for rabies in Brazil It was developed based on database research via the internet, of international and national literature and annals of the most important technical and scientific meetings related to rabies and chiroptera in Brazil from 1996 to 2009 The new list of rabies positive bats consists of 41 species, belonging to 25 genera and three families: Phyllostomidae 439%, Vespertilionidae 293% and Molossidae 268% In addition, questions were raised regarding the lack of data, including sex, age, circumstances and location of bat capture and incomplete and outdated species identification Results of genetic and antigenic studies performed on Brazilian rabies positive bats were shown

/pdf/updated-list-of-bat-species-positive-for-rabies-in-brazil-2nthzvae39.pdf

Updated list of bat species positive for rabies in Brazil

Between 1989 and 1995, twenty caves in the Distrito Federal area in mid-western Brazil were assessed for bat species richness, frequency, spatial distribution, behavior, reproduction and inter-specific cohabitation The general state of conservation of the caves was also assessed Of the 20 caves studied, 12 were less than 100 m long, five between 100 m and 300 m, and three were longerthan 300 m Twenty-two species of six different families were observed: 16 species belonged to Phyllostomidae, two to Vespertilionidae and Mormoopidae and one to Furipteridae and Emballonuridae In this study, 17 species were characterized as Distrito Federal cave dwellers The most prevalent were Desmodus rotundus, Glossophaga soricina and Carollia perspicillata The least prevalent were Lonchorhina aurita, Pteronotus gymnonotus and Phylloderma stenops Since some Anoura caudifer, Platyrrhinus lineatus, Myotis nigricans, Micronycteris minuta, and Eptesicus brasiliensis individuals were captured only while going into the caves early in the night, they were not considered cave dwellers Even though, they probably use the caves as a daytime roosting place Surprisingly, Lonchophylla dekeyseri, considered to be the only endemic bat species in the Cerrado ecosystem, was observed in three of the surveyed caves Further biological studies are necessary to determine the biology of L dekeyseri and the necessity of its conservation The bat colonies observed were usually of a small size Few colonies of D rotundus and Anoura geoffroyi contained more than 300 individuals of both sexes Only a inale group of L aurita was observed in the Distrito Federal area Twelve of the surveyed caves were hard to access and therefore well protected Four of the caves received some public visitation, two were located near limestone mines, one was located near an urban area and one had both public visitation and deforestation near its entrance In this latter cave, no bats were observed after november 1994, probably due to the urbanization process Special attention should be given to eight of the surveyed caves in any plan made for the conservation of cave bats in the Distrito Federal area These caves host a high bat diversity (six or more species) and also shelter two rare and one endemic bat species

/pdf/morcegos-cavernicolas-da-regiao-do-distrito-federal-centro-58kcmmj2sl.pdf

Morcegos cavernícolas da região do Distrito Federal, centro-oeste do Brasil (Mammalia, Chiroptera)

Quatro casos positivos para a raiva foram diagnosticados em morcegos de tres especies de molossideos (um Molossus molossus, um Nyctinomops laticaudatus e dois N. macrotis) do Estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Tres deles foram encontrados durante o dia em locais visiveis e nao habituais e o outro entrou pela janela, no inicio da noite. Quadro descritivo com 19 casos semelhantes, envolvendo oito especies, e mostrado e indica que morcegos com comportamento atipico devem ser considerados como fortemente suspeitos de estarem doentes, possivelmente com raiva.

/pdf/raiva-em-morcegos-insetivoros-molossidae-do-sudeste-do-elbhc563dy.pdf

Raiva em morcegos insetívoros (Molossidae) do Sudeste do Brasil

A total of 301 bats, sent by municipal authorities or captured by CCZ and the Nucleos Regionais de Zoonoses de Sao Paulo, were examined by specialists from the CCZ and the Nucleos Regionais de Zoonoses de Sao Paulo. Twenty-four species, belonging to four families were collected: Molossidae (71,4%), Phyllostomidae (23,6%), Vespertilionidae (4,7%) and Noctilionidae (0,3%). Aerial insectivorous bats (Molossidae and Vespertilionidae) were the majority, representing 76,1% of the total. The presence of aerial insectivorous bats in the met- ropolitan region of Sao Paulo can be explained by the wide availability of structures offering suitable roosting conditions, primarily the heat-expansion walls in large buildings (capable of housing major colonies), and year-round food supplies (urban street lights func- tion as light-trap for several species of insects).

Bats from metropolitan region of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil

/pdf/rabies-in-insectivorous-bats-molossidae-of-southeastern-4ueq7zk1pm.pdf

Rabies in insectivorous bats (Molossidae) of southeastern Brazil

Four rabid bats belonging to three species of Molossidae (one Molossus molossus, one Nyctinomops laticaudatus and two N. macrotis) were captured in the State of S. Paulo, southeastern Brazil. Three of these bats were found during the day in unusual, visible places and the other came flying through a window in the evening. A descriptive table containing data on 19 similar cases, belonging to eight species, is presented and suggests that bats with atypical behavior must dearly be suspected of being sick, possibly as having rabies.

/pdf/rabies-in-insectivorous-mollossidae-bats-of-southeastern-3f9e4p34u1.pdf

Necira M. S. Harmani

Papers

Raiva em morcegos insetívoros (Molossidae) do Sudeste do Brasil

Bats from metropolitan region of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil

Rabies in insectivorous bats (Molossidae) of southeastern Brazil

Rabies in insectivorous (Mollossidae) bats of southeastern Brazil