Showing papers by "Nemat O. Borhani published in 1977"
TL;DR: It was suggested that hepatic synthesis of cholic acid was reduced more than the synthesis of chenodeoxycholic acid, in accord with the model relating cholesterol metabolism with the metabolism of plasma lipoproteins in man.
56 citations
TL;DR: The evidence appears sufficient to justify serious consideration of a strategy of preventing the smoking habit now, persuading patients to stop and encouraging teenagers not to start, and the findings of clinical trials on hypertension can be applied toward primary prevention of coronary heart disease in the community.
Abstract: The question is whether alteration of risk factors will aid primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Critical review of available evidence indicates that inferences have been made about the beneficial effects of risk factor modification without an adequate test of the hypothesis. Trial interventions to assess the efficacy of serum cholesterol-lowering measures have had negative or equivocal results. It remains to be seen whether the findings of clinical trials on hypertension can be applied toward primary prevention of coronary heart disease in the community. The cigarette smoking habit seems to be unique among coronary heart disease risk factors. The evidence appears sufficient to justify serious consideration of a strategy of preventing the smoking habit now, persuading patients to stop and encouraging teenagers not to start.
46 citations
TL;DR: The high-risk coronary patient can be identified by seven easily measured risk factors, and the extent of coronary-artery disease increases with the number and severity coronary risk factors.
Abstract: We compared a coronary risk profile (developed by the Framingham Study) based on age, sex, cigarette smoking, glucose intolerance, left ventricular hypertrophy, systolic blood pressure and serum cholesterol to angiographically determined severity of coronary-artery disease in 158 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. A profile of 1.0 indicated average relative risk. Risk profiles for 105 patients with angiographically documented coronary-artery disease was 1.52 whereas it was 1.08 for the group without coronary disease (P<0.01). There was no difference between the patients with coronary disease with (1.44) and those without previous infarct (1.46). The coronary risk profile, however, increased with increasing severity of coronary disease. The high-risk coronary patient can be identified by seven easily measured risk factors, and the extent of coronary-artery disease increases with the number and severity of coronary risk factors. (N Engl J Med 296:1447–1450, 1977)
42 citations
TL;DR: The physiologic response of 21 male agricultural field workers exposed to foliage-borne Guthion residues was monitored during routine peach-thinning operations in a northern California orchard and revealed an absence of clinical signs of organophosphate intoxication.
Abstract: The physiologic response of 21 male agricultural field workers exposed to foliage-borne Guthion residues was monitored during routine peach-thinning operations in a northern California orchard. Surveillance included daily venipuncture and urine collection to determine whole blood cholinesterase (CHE) activity and level of dialkylphosphate excretion for 3 baseline (nonexposed) and 5 normal work days. Foliage samples were obtained to measure dislodgeable and total Guthion residues. A decrease in group-mean CHE activity by 15% over the surveillance period was found. Apart from one worker who showed a consistent decrease in CHE activity, reaching a maximum of 30% below baseline at the end of the work week, daily changes in individual CHE activity were erratic. Group-mean dialkylphosphate excretion levels provided a semiquantitative indication of exposure to Guthion. Medical examination before and after the exposure period revealed an absence of clinical signs of organophosphate intoxication.
35 citations
01 Jan 1977
TL;DR: The bulk of available evidence indicated that hypertriglyceridemia in man was generally associated with increased synthesis and turnover of plasma very lowdensity lipoproteins (VLDL).
Abstract: While there is some literature on the correlations between the metabolism of plasma triglycerides and the metabolism of plasma lipoproteins, the metabolism of endogenous cholesterol has not, in general, been related to the metabolism of lipoproteins. Studies done in our laboratories indicated to us that synthesis and catabolism of endogenous cholesterol as well as the esterification of plasmafree cholesterol were signficantly greater in hypertriglyceridemic patients than in those with normal plasma triglycerides and comparable levels of plasma cholesterol (Sodhi and Kudchodkar, 1973a, 1973b; Sodhi 1974; Kudchodkar and Sodhi, 1976). Since plasma triglycerides by themselves are unlikely to cause these changes in cholesterol metabolism (Sodhi and Kudchodkar, 1974a), we reasoned that the observed correlations in man must be mediated through the state of lipoprotein metabolism associated with hypertriglyceridemia (Sodhi and Kudchodkar, 1973c). The bulk of available evidence indicated that hypertriglyceridemia in man was generally associated with increased synthesis and turnover of plasma very lowdensity lipoproteins (VLDL). (Reaven et al., 1965; Nestel and Whyte, 1968; Nikkila und Kekki, 1971; Brunzell et al., 1973; Kaye and Galton, 1975; Sigurdsson et al., 1976; Kudchodkar and Sodhi, 1976; Nestel, 1976). We should, however, recognize that the method used in the laboratories of Havel (Havel et al., 1970) and of Carlson (Boberg et al., 1972) produced data which did not fully agree with the results obtained by most other methods.
1 citations